UNRWA - Annual report of the Commissioner-General

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ANNUAL REPORT

OF THE COMMISSIONER-GENERAL

OF THE UNITED NATIONS RELIEF AND WORKS AGENCY FOR PALESTINE REFUGEES IN THE NEAR EAST

1 July 1961 – 30 June 1962

GENERAL ASSEMBLY

OFFICIAL RECORDS: SEVENTEENTH SESSION

SUPPLEMENT No. 14 (A/5214)

UNITED NATIONS

New York, 1962

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page
	Letter of transmittal	v
	Letter from the Chairman of the Advisory Commission of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East	vi
	INTRODUCTION	1
	PART I. REPORT ON UNRWA OPERATIONS, 1 JULY 1961-30 JUNE 1962	7
	Annex to part I
	Tables
1-6	Statistics concerning registered population and camps	17
7	Basic rations	20
8-11	Social welfare	21
12-16	Health statistics	22
17-18	Supplementary feeding	24
19-23	General education and university scholarships	25
24-25	Vocational and teacher training	27
26-30	Finance	28
31	UNRWA personnel	34
	PART II. BUDGET FOR THE CALENDAR YEAR 1963	35
	Appendix. Location map of UNRWA activities at end of volume

LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL

Beirut, Lebanon

27 August 1962

Sir,

I have the honour to submit herewith my Annual Report to the General Assembly on the work of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East for the period 1 July 1961 to 30 June 1962, in compliance with the request contained in paragraph 21 of resolution 302 (IV) of 8 December 1949 and paragraph 8 of resolution 1315 (XIII) of 12 December 1958.

The report is presented in three main parts, as follows:

An Introduction, in which I have endeavoured to evaluate the present condition of the Palestine refugees and their need for continued international assistance in the light of certain factors which I consider relevant to any general review of the problem;

Part I, representing an account of the Agency's activities during the 12 montl1s ending 30 June 1962, to which are annexed a number of statistical tables relating to particular activities; and

Part II, a presentation of the Agency's budget for the calendar year 1963 for consideration by the General Assembly at its seventeenth session.

The Advisory Commission of the Agency has considered this report and its views are set forth in the letter of which I attach a copy.

As in previous years, I have attempted in the introduction to my report to sketch in the salient features of the Palestine refugee problem as they appear to me from my standpoint as the head of the United Nations agency which ministers to the needs of the Palestine refugees. I have done this because I feel it is a duty which I owe to the General Assembly, especially in a year when the Assembly has to decide whether international assistance to the refugees should be continued for a period beyond 30 June 1963.

In thus highlighting the main features of the refugee problem as they appear to me, I am pursuing a precedent long established in the annual reports submitted by those entrusted with the direction of this Agency. It is perhaps hardly necessary for me to emphasize that the assessment is my own and that I accept full and sole responsibility for it. Although in drafting this and other parts of the report I have had the benefit of comments and advice from the distinguished members of the Advisory Commission, it should not be thought that the report necessarily reflects the opinions of the Commission or that the Governments represented in the Commission necessarily subscribe to all the views I have expressed.

(Signed) John H. DAVIS

Commissioner-General

President of the General Assembly,

United Nations,

New York.

A LETTER FROM THE CHAIRMAN OF THE ADVISORY COMMISSION OF THE UNITED NATIONS RELIEF AND WORKS AGENCY FOR PALESTINE REFUGEES IN THE NEAR EAST

26 August 1962

Dear Dr. Davis,

At its meeting on 6 August 1962, the Advisory Commission of UNRWA reviewed with full consideration the annual report which you plan to submit to the seventeenth session of the General Assembly.

In the view of the Advisory Commission, the report accurately describes the valuable work carried out by the Agency during the period 1 July 1961 to 30 June 1962. It well reports progress on the three-year programme which you submitted to the General Assembly at its fifteenth session in 1960.

The Commission continues to consider the needs of the refugees as worthy of the most sympathetic attention of the world community. The Commission was also impressed by your diligence in securing additional contributions to the carrying out of UNRWA responsibilities, particularly with a view to supporting the vocational training programme.

Your proposed budget for the calendar year 1963 gives details of new expenditure in the event that the mandate of UNRWA is to be extended beyond 30 June, 1963. In their discussion of this and other aspects of the report, the members of the Commission reserved the position of their Governments.

In the view of the Commission your report will this year be of more than usual interest since the future of UNRWA and the general welfare of the refugees will be before the Assembly. My colleagues of the Advisory Commission join me in this expression of their views and in thanking you for your efforts in the preparation of this report.

Yours sincerely,

(Signed ) Amin HELMI EL TANI

Chairman, Advisory Commission

Dr. John H. Davis,

Commissioner-General ,

United Nations Relief and Work Agency,

Beirut

INTRODUCTION

1. This report by the Commissioner-General of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) follows the general pattern of previous annual reports.¹ It contains a brief review of the main features of the Palestine refugee problem as they appear to the Commissioner-General, a summary of the Agency's activities during the year ending 30 June 1962, and the presentation of a budget for the year 1963.

2. This year the General Assembly of the United Nations, in addition to reviewing the Agency's activities during the past year and considering its budget for next year, must deliberate the fact that the mandate of UNRWA will expire as of 30 June 1963. To facilitate the work of the General Assembly in this respect and, at the same time, to hold this annual report to the traditional content and length, the Agency this year has undertaken background studies on each of the following subjects:

(a) A brief history of UNRWA, 1950-1962;

(b) Summary data on assistance to the Palestine refugees, 1948-1962;

(d) UNRWA health programme, 1950-1962;

(e) UNRWA experience with self-support programme, 1950-1962;

(f) Problem of the rectification of the UNRWA ration rolls, 1950-1962.

3. The purpose of these papers, which are being distributed to delegations as they are finished, is to set forth in concise form the record and experience of the Agency during the twelve-year period of its existence. In other words these studies, which review the material contained in successive annual reports, present a vertical picture of the Agency's operations through time on selected subjects, whereas each annual report presents a cross-section view for the period of a single year. Copies of these papers are available for distribution on request to other interested persons and organizations.

BACKGROUND

4. Looking back over the twelve years of UNRWA's existence (or for that matter, over the fourteen years which have passed since the conflict in Palestine), it now seems quite clear that the dominant forces responsible for the continuation of the refugee problem are the impasse in regard to the basic issues involved, resulting from the deep feelings of the peoples in the Middle East with respect to those issues; the general unemployable status of dependent refugees, and particularly of the maturing youth who are deficient in skills; and the over-all economic limitations of the host countries on absorbing refugees in addition to their own growing populations. While political considerations also have played a significant role, to a large degree they appear to have been an expression of the more basic factors just mentioned.

5. With respect to the feelings of the inhabitants of the Arab countries of the Middle East, it is, in the opinion of the Commissioner-General, the Arab people as a whole, and not just the million-odd displaced refugees, who feel deeply that an injustice has been committed against the Arabs of Palestine. As they view the situation, they see a country obliterated and a people uprooted and dispossessed, a majority of whom have been subjected to conditions which have deprived them of their means of livelihood and left them dependent for fourteen years on international charity. The physical privation the refugees have suffered is illustrated by the fact that the per capita assistance they have received has averaged less than $30 a year for each refugee. Perhaps even worse has been the psychological damage inflicted on them by their prolonged dependence on charity. As one would expect, such an experience inevitably has had a corroding effect on the personality, the outlook and the self-respect of the individuals involved. Looked at from any standpoint, the lot of the Palestine refugees during the past fourteen years constitutes a tragic page in human history.

6. In 1962, as in previous years, the Palestine refugees have continued to demand the implementation, as yet unrealized, of the provisions of paragraph 11 of General Assembly resolution 194 (III) of December 1948, which states:

"The General Assembly . . .

"Resolves that the refugees wishing to return to their homes and live in peace with their neighbours should be permitted to do so at the earliest practicable date, and that compensation should be paid for the property of those choosing not to return and for loss of or damage to property which, under principles of international law or in equity, should be made good by the Governments or authorities responsible;

"Instructs the Conciliation Commission to facilitate the repatriation, resettlement and economic and social rehabilitation of the refugees and the payment of compensation, and to maintain close relations with the Director of the United Nations Relief for Palestine Refugees and, through him, with the appropriate organs and agencies of the United Nations."

7. Turning to the second of the factors previously noted, to understand the consequences of the unemployable status of refugees and particularly youth who lack skills, one needs to understand the nature and composition of the refugee population and the changes which are taking place through time. In 1948, the Arab population of Palestine was about 70 per cent rural and 30 per cent urban. Among the refugees a high percentage of the urban workers (approximately two-thirds) possessed skills needed in the Arab countries and, therefore, were able to find employment after their displacement. These and their dependents, in total about 20 per cent of those who were displaced, have never become dependent on UNRWA or other charity. The remainder, composed mostly of farmers and some small businessmen and unskilled workers, did become dependent on UNRWA (together with the sick and the old) because they found no opportunity for employment.

8. Currently, of the total refugee population served by UNRWA, about half are adults and half children, if one uses the age of seventeen as the point of differentiation. With respect to the future, for each year that the Palestine problem continues unresolved, another forty thousand babies will be born to refugee parents and about thirty thousand individuals will attain adulthood within the refugee community.

9. Traditionally in the Middle East, as in much of the world, the oncoming generation has acquired its skills by working with the parent or some other adult family member. Along with this experience comes the development of self-discipline and the acquiring of work habits and basic skills which anyone must possess to be productive and employable. The tragedy of the young refugee adults is that most of their parents have not been working, and therefore it has not been possible for them to acquire their parents' skills. Even worse, a high percentage have not learned the habits and self-discipline which are a prerequisite to working. The result is that these young persons are not just unemployed, but many are virtually unemployable as well. Furthermore, the task of rehabilitating a young man of twenty or twenty-five years of age thus handicapped is far more difficult and expensive than that of training a lad of fifteen or sixteen years. Moreover, when a choice between them has to be made, because funds for training both types of persons are not available, the decision will naturally fall to the younger person since training him puts the scarce funds to better use.

10. Therefore it would seem that a high percentage of the young refugees who have grown to adulthood during the past fourteen years are destined to be handicapped for life, even when they have placed before them what to persons with normal backgrounds would be challenging opportunities. In this connexion it should be remembered that, today, only two out of every five adults dependent on UNRWA were adults in Palestine, the remaining three-fifths having attained adulthood as refugees. By and large the generation of refugees now maturing will never be able to compete successfully for work as farmers against the competition of native rural sons who have had the advantage of working with their farmer fathers as they grew up, and particularly so in view of the fact that throughout the Middle East, as indeed throughout the world, the number of farmers relative to the total population is rapidly decreasing. Thus, the unemployable status of young refugee adults ,has been and is a major factor contributing to the plight of the Palestine refugees.

11. Finally, if for the sake of analysis, the political aspects of the Palestine problem and the lack of suitable skills on the part of the maturing refugee youth are put aside and if one looks specifically to the capacity of the host countries to absorb the refugee population, in addition to providing for their own rapidly growing native population, one cannot but be struck by the limitations of this capacity. In previous annual reports the head of the Agency has stated his considered judgement that a major proportion of the refugees must cross an international boundary if they are to find suitable employment without resort on the part of host countries to uneconomic investment of considerable magnitude. Events of the past year have merely served to strengthen this conclusion.

12. The frustrated attempts of UNRWA during its initial years in sponsoring work projects to settle refugees and the virtually fruitless outcome of past broader efforts, under other auspices, to negotiate a settlement of the Palestine problem, strongly suggest that these undertakings have failed because they have been unacceptable to the people (refugee and non-refugee) indigenous to the region and to the Governments which represent them. It is the considered opinion of the Commissioner-General that these feelings of the Arab people run as deep today as at any time in the past, and therefore that, at least for as long as there is no substantial progress towards the implementation of paragraph 11 of General Assembly resolution 194 (III), UNRWA should not again attempt works projects designed to settle the refugees. From this experience one should not conclude that economic development is not wanted by the people of the region. On the contrary, it is wanted and at an accelerated rate but not in the context of refugee resettlement.

13. No doubt in the future, as in the past, some degree of economic and social absorption of the refugees and their descendants into Arab countries may take place, despite the obstacles just described and even if the present stalemate over the Palestine problem persists. However, it would be a mistake, in the opinion of the Commissioner-General, to assume that such absorption, of itself, would dispose of the underlying more basic issues of the Palestine problem. It is the depth of feeling among the peoples of the Middle East on these issues and the resulting impasse, far more than the continued existence and dependent status of a million Palestine refugees, per se, that today continue to undermine peace and stability in the Middle East and in the world.

THE AGENCY’S THREE-YEAR PROGRAMME

14. Since the beginning of its three-year mandate on 1 July l960, the Agency has concentrated on assistance to young refugees for the purpose of giving as many of them as possible the training which will enable them to put to useful purpose the talents with which they have been richly endowed. The Agency considers this particular programme not only vital for these young people, but important as a contribution to regional technical and economic progress. To this end, the Agency has held relief assistance (in food, shelter welfare and health care) to the low per capita level of 1960 and concentrated all available resources on the expansion and improvement of its education programme. It has also continued to make some small grants and loans to assist qualified refugees who have sought to become self-employed, but the Agency has not undertaken any specific development projects.

15. UNRWA has striven to keep in harmony with the general educational trends in the host countries by providing facilities for an ever-increasing enrolment by recruiting and training better qualified teachers, and by extending by one year the period of schooling at the preparatory level. Even more fundamental has been the Agency's accelerated effort in the fields of vocational and teacher training, where it has expanded its four older institutions and now has, either completed or under preparation seven new training centres, one beyond the number originally contemplated. This last training centre is strategically important to the total vocational programme of the Agency in that it will provide training for vocational instructors and industrial foremen, and thus help to improve the quality of the teaching and practice of industrial skills generally. The total number of places available in the Agency's eleven training centres and in the courses subsidized by the Agency in other non-UNRWA training institutions will be 4,400 in 1963 and the number of graduates will in due course reach 2,200 a year.

16. Another phase of the Agency's education expansion and improvement programme is that of increasing the number of university scholarships to be awarded from the 1960 level of 350 to a new level of 500 per year. In effect, this enables UNRWA to assist about 125 beginner students per year in Middle East universities, in contrast to the 90 scholarships for the academic year 1959-1900. Largely by virtue of the students' own choice, there has been heavy concentration of these university students in the fields of engineering, medicine and the sciences.

17. The Commissioner-General is pleased to report that the programme for educational improvement and expansion is moving forward on schedule, both in its entirety and in its respective components, and that in some respects it is even ahead of schedule. By 30 June 1963 the total three-year programme to assist young refugee adults, as originally envisioned, will have been implemented and in addition the extra unit, already noted, for teaching vocational instructors and foremen will be ready for operation.

RELATIONS WITH HOST GOVERNMENTS AND UNITED NATIONS ORGANIZATIONS AND NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS

18. The Commissioner-General is pleased to report that relations between UNRWA and the host Governments have continued on the whole to be good. As in the past, the host Governments themselves have done much to help the refugees in terms of rendering direct assistance in health, education, welfare, administration and related services, and in providing the essential land, water and security protection. The direct financial burden of the host countries for these services during the past year has been in excess of $5.6 million. For the period from 1948 to the present the Arab countries and Arab voluntary organizations report a total expenditure in excess of $55 million in assistance to the refugees, of which more than $8 million has been provided to UNRWA and its predecessor, the United Nations Relief for Palestine Refugees, in the form of cash and services.

19. The cordial working relations between UNRWA and other United Nations bodies operating in the Middle East have continued over the past year. Particularly valuable has been the close co-operation with the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization and the World Health Organization, both of which have seconded skilled personnel to the Agency and recently a similar arrangement has been started with the International Labour Organisation. Also, UNRWA has maintained its co-operative relations with the United Nations Emergency Force, the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization, and the United Nations Children's Fund. In addition, it has sought to facilitate the work of the Conciliation Commission for Palestine and stands ready to co-operate appropriately as provided for in paragraph 20 of General Assembly resolution 302 (IV).

20. During the past year, as in previous years, the voluntary agencies that function in the Middle East have administered effectively to the needs of the refugees, particularly in respect of clothing gifts and services related to health, education and welfare. These services, which are supplementary to the relief aid of UNRWA, have been invaluable in terms of adding to the well-being of the refugees and other claimants for relief. In total these agencies, as a group, report expenditure in excess of $17 million in direct aid to refugees and other claimants since 1948.

FINANCES

21. For technical reasons related to budget and financial control, the Commissioner-General m his annual reports has consistently projected the Agency's three-year programme, concerning the present mandate period, in terms of budgets based on UNRWA's fiscal year (calendar year), even though the mandate period itself extends from 1 July 1960 to 30 June 1963. In the discussion that follows occasional reference will be made to the period beyond 30 June 1963. This is done not to argue either for or against an extension, but in the interest of clarity and particularly to indicate the implications of the 1963 budget for the future should the mandate of UNRWA be extended. Should the General Assembly desire to deliberate in terms of a budget covering only the period from 1 January to 30 June 1963, this can be done, for general purposes, by dividing in two each item in the fiscal year budget herewith submitted.

22. Throughout the period of its current three-year plan the Agency seems destined to face a critical financial situation by reason of the fact that its needs for education and training are constantly increasing, whereas its regular income from government contributions and other sources is almost stationary. To facilitate analysis and comparisons the following table presents in summary form the Agency's actual financial operating statement for 1961 and its estimated operating budgets for 1962 and 1963 (see part II of the report for details of the 1963 budget) as well as totals covering the three years as a whole:

	1961 Actual expenditures	1962	1963	Total for three years
	1961 Actual expenditures	Estimated budget		Total for three years
Expenditures (and commitments)
(In millions of dollars)
Relief services	26.2	26.3	26.3	78.8
Elementary and secondary education.	7.6	8.0	9.1	24.7
Vocational and university education	5.0	2.9	3.4	11.3
Individual assistance	0.2	0.2	—	0.4
TOTAL	39.0	37.4	38.8^a	115.2^a
Income
Regular income
Regular government pledges	33.5	33.6	33 6^b	100.7
Other regular income	1.5	0.9	0.9	3.3
	35.0	34.5	34.5	104.0
Special income
World Refugee Year and related income	4.1^c	0.2	—	4.3
Vocational training centre and teacher-training centre training scholarships and related income	—	1.5	1.2	2.7
TOTAL	39.1	36.2	35.7	111.0
Excess of expenditure over income	(0.1)	1.2	3.1	4.2

a Excluding operational reserve of $0.8 million in the budget for 1963.

b For presentation Government pledges are assumed at same level as for 1962.

c $2.4 million of this was actually received in 1960 but was not used until 1961

23. As the table indicates, during this three-year period the Agency expects to expend about $11 million in excess of its anticipated receipts from regular income sources. The necessity of spending beyond current receipts from regular contributions in order to meet the urgent need to expand and improve educational and training programmes was, of course, explained at each of the last two sessions of the General Assembly by the Commissioner-General, and no objections were registered. The Commissioner-General also announced in the fifteenth session that he would undertake to raise at least $4 million from extra-budgetary sources and, after $4.5 million had actually been received, stated at the sixteenth session that he would undertake to raise a further $2 million from extra-budgetary sources before 30 June 1963. To date, about $5.5 million has been raised from extra-budgetary sources, most of it by taking advantage of the World Refugee Year and from donations for scholarships, and it is now the expectation of the Commissioner-General that he will be able to raise an additional $1.5 million before 30 June 1963. This means that the Agency is now committing itself to raise a total of $7 million from extra budgetary sources during the three-year mandate period instead of the $6.5 million set forth in last year's annual report. Parenthetically it should be noted that this amount equals substantially the total cost of the construction and operation of the expanded vocational and teacher training programme throughout the three-year mandate period, and that without this income such expansion would have been impossible. However, even if the goal of $7 million is attained in full, the Agency will still have spent by the end of 1963 approximately $4 million in excess of anticipated total receipts from all sources during the three-year mandate period. This deficit the Agency is having to cover by drawing down its limited working capital reserve. This course of action will have brought the working capital reserve to a critically low level by the end of 1963, which means that a policy of spending in excess of annual receipts could not be followed for long, if at all, beyond that date.

24. The Commissioner-General considers it unlikely that following 30 June 1963 he would be able to obtain funds for UNRWA from non-governmental organizations on the same scale as he has done in the past because the large donations received as a result of the World Refugee Year were of a one-time nature and no repetition of that effort is contemplated. This, then, means that UNRWA must look almost entirely to Governments for funds, it its mandate is extended.

25. For the Agency's 1963 fiscal year the Commissioner-General proposes to hold relief expenditures at the same aggregate level as for 1962, i.e. $26.3 million. While this will entail a tight relief policy, the Agency believes it can. be carried out without resort to any reduction in the per capita level of services to needy refugees or change in the basic definition of a refugee In the short run, at least, the Commissioner-General foresees little opportunity of significantly reducing the relief costs of UNRWA. Naturally, if substantial progress is made toward an over-all solution to the refugee problem, that would certainly open the way for a reduction in relief costs. The only relief items which run in excess of $1 million per year are food and health services. Looking first at food, which is by far the largest item, any savings made during the next year, at least, by eliminating the dead and false registrants from the rolls will be offset by adding to the rolls names from the waiting lists of eligible children who currently are denied rations owing to the ceilings which the Agency has had to impose on a country-by-country basis in order to keep expenditure on rations under control.

26. To attempt to cut health expenditures (including preventive and curative services, supplementary feeding and environmental sanitation), which currently are at the minimum rate of about 1/ U.S. cents per person per day, in the absence of progress towards a solution to the refugee problem, would run the serious risk of increased morbidity and mortality, especially among vulnerable groups such as children and pregnant and lactating women. Curative medical services. the largest component in the health budget, must continue to be given high priority, both on merit and because of the importance which public opinion today attaches to the treatment of the sick. Any cutback in preventive services would not only affect adversely the programme for maternal and child health, but force a relaxation in the control of communicable disease. Such a policy would be short-sighted in that it would increase the possibility of an epidemic, something which has hitherto been avoided.

27. For education, including training, the Agency proposes to expend a total of $12.5 million in 1963. Within this total, sufficient priority will be given to the vocational training and teacher-training centres to keep them operating at capacity. Actually, for the six-month period 1 January to 30 June 1963 most of the funds needed for this purpose are expected to come from donations for scholarships and other special contributions now being solicited, but for the latter half of the year (assuming the Agency's mandate is extended), UNRWA will have to look to Governments for the support of this function.

28. From the facts just stated it is apparent that the main impact of any substantial shortfall in the Agency's income during 1963 is bound to fall on general education which would have to be cut back in order to offset at least the greater part of the deficit. Should government contributions in 1963 be substantially the same as in 1962, then a shortfall of $3.1 million will occur which will force the Agency to cut general education by as much as one-third. To do this the Agency would of necessity, have to cut deepest into education at the preparatory and secondary levels. This, in turn, would dry up the source of candidates for vocational and teacher training for years beyond 1963, with the result that the Agency's whole programme to help young refugee adults would founder. Such a development would spell tragedy to the individuals to whom education was denied and would make still more difficult the whole refugee problem.

29. Therefore, in the opinion of the Commissioner-General, it is imperative that the full budget of UNRWA be covered for 1963. To do this will require contributions of nearly $37 million from Governments, as shown by the following table (see part II of the resort for details).

	(In millions of U.S. dollars)
Total budget (including operational reserve of $0.8 million)		39.6
Deduct
Miscellaneous regular income	0.9
Special contributions expected	1.2
From working capital (in the event the operational reserve is required to be used)	0.8	2.9
Balance required to be contributed by Governments		36.7

This would represent an increase over 1962 of $3 million in regular contributions from Governments, or a relative increase of about 9 per cent.

30. Parenthetically, the Commissioner-General points out that, in considering this critically important question of UNRWA's budget needs, Governments should note an inherent difference in the nature of expenditures for relief and for education. Whereas significant progress towards a solution to the Palestine refugee problem should have the effect of correspondingly reducing the relief needs of refugees, the educational needs of these people would, even in those circumstances, still continue to exist. Therefore, a satisfactory solution to the problem would merely mean an ultimate shift of the burden of education to the Governments of the countries in which the refugees then reside rather than any reduction in such costs. Moreover, in line with the general educational trends of the region. it is logical to expect that, in the future, educational costs for refugees (or former refugees) will gradually increase rather than decline as a higher percentage of children go to school and as they remain in school for more years.

31. The Commissioner-General therefore appeals to Member Governments to contemplate the tragic consequences that would follow any policy that would force a cutback in the educational opportunities provided for Palestine refugee children. The countries where these refugees now reside are themselves confronted with an explosion of demand for educational facilities on behalf of their own native population, and already their resources are being severely strained as they strive to meet this demand. In these circumstances they have found it virtually impossible to provide sufficient educational opportunity for refugee children, and it is for this reason that UNRWA has found it necessary to engage in and support education for the refugee children. Actually, UNRWA has assumed this role with considerable reluctance and it is only recently that the educational opportunities provided for refugee children have even approached those provided for non-refugees in the same countries. If, therefore, UNRWA were compelled in 1963 to cut back drastically and suddenly its educational function, this would mean retrogression in terms of educational opportunities and would further complicate the refugee problem.

32. Already a few Governments, recognizing the critical financial needs of UNRWA, are supplementing their regular contributions by grants from their technical assistance funds in support of vocational training. These Governments have done so only after sending their own teams of experts to the Middle East in response to UNRWA's invitation to survey the Agency’s operations and needs. In extending such an invitation the agency requested that assistance be given only if, in the judgement of the survey experts, UNRWA's programme merited support in competition with other technical assistance projects already before the respective Governments. The Commissioner-General now urges any other Governments which have available funds for technical assistance to consider taking similar action.

CONCLUSION

33. UNRWA now performs the dual function of administering relief to Palestine refugees, in the form of food, health, welfare and shelter assistance, and of providing education for refugee children and young adults, including general education, vocational and teacher training and university scholarships. Its direct responsibility is to minister to the pressing needs of refugees and its by-product role, so to speak, is to contribute to the stability of the Middle East. It is not UNRWA's responsibility, as delineated by the General Assembly, to solve the Palestine problem in its broader aspects, and, in the opinion of the Commissioner-General, experience has indicated that, at least pending progress towards a general solution, UNRWA is not an appropriate agency to attempt works projects to provide rehabilitation. Currently, UNRWA faces a critical financial problem because its educational costs are increasing whereas its regular income has remained stationary.

34. During the present mandate period the Agency has struggled to meet this problem by holding relief costs to the low level of 1960; by raising funds from extra-budgetary sources for the construction and operation of the expanded vocational and teacher-training centres; and by drawing down its operating reserves by some $4 million to cover the expanding needs and costs of basic education. Only by resorting to these extraordinary measures has the Agency been able to carry forward its three-year programme to assist refugee children and young adults in preparing for useful lives. For reasons already explained, these extraordinary measures cannot be relied upon in the future as a means of supplementing the Agency's income.

35. With respect to the mandate of UNRWA, which expires as of 30 June 1963, it is the considered judgement of the Commissioner-General that both the relief and educational functions now performed by the Agency must be continued well beyond 30 June 1963 if deserving refugees are not to suffer physically or be denied much-needed educational opportunities and if reasonable stability is to exist in the region. Whether the General Assembly considers that these services can best be rendered by an extension of the Agency's mandate or by some other means, any significant cutback in the magnitude of these services must, of necessity, be related to progress towards a general solution of the refugee problem.

36. The Commissioner-General takes this opportunity to convey to the Member Governments which are represented in the General Assembly, and particularly those which have consistently contributed to the Agency's budget, his sincere appreciation for the support and co-operation which they have accorded. He also takes this opportunity to appeal to Member States who so far have not contributed to reconsider their position and accept a share of responsibility towards the Palestine refugees.

Part I

REPORT ON UNRWA OPERATIONS, 1 JULY 1961-30 JUNE 1962

A. The provision of relief

37. There has been no essential change in the Agency's relief services since 1950. The basic ration has remained virtually the same, and the supplementary feeding programme has assisted the same proportion of the refugees during the past seven years. The Agency's programme of operations, during its three-year mandate to 30 June 1963, as renewed in 1959,²has presupposed the maintenance of existing per capita levels of relief services, with increases in total expenditure to cover only such factors as the natural increase in the refugee population.

BASIC RATIONS

38. Almost 40 per cent of the Agency's relief budget (of approximately $25.3 million a year) is devoted to the primary task of the supply and distribution of basic food commodities. During 1961-1962 the Agency imported some 111,000 tons of flour and 29,000 tons of other foodstuffs. The basic ration consists of flour, pulses, sugar, rice, and oils and fats. It provides 1,500 calories per day in summer and 1,600 in winter, and a total vegetable protein content of approximately 42 and 44 grammes respectively. This meagre and unvarying basic ration provides only a bare minimum of subsistence. Continued over a long period of years such a diet becomes scarcely tolerable unless it is supplemented or varied in some way. No fresh food items are supplied but refugees usually manage to supplement their rations with a little meat, fruit, vegetables, eggs, etc., either grown by themselves or bartered for part of their dry rations, or bought with their limited earnings.

NUMBERS, ELIGIBILITY AND REGISTRATION

39. During the past twelve months, the number of refugees registered with the Agency increased by about 24,000 to a total on 30 June 1962 of 1,174,760, of whom 877,888 were registered for full UNRWA assistance, including basic rations, and 296,872 were registered for various degrees of assistance but no basic rations. Table 1 of the annex contains the Agency's basic registration statistics for the entire period of June 1950 to June 1962. It may be observed that, while the Agency inherited ration rolls with some 960,000 ration beneficiaries in June 1950, by June 1962 the corresponding figure was 877,888. Table 2 indicates the distribution of refugees by country of residence, category of registration and age groups on 30 June 1962.

40. During 1961-1962 the following changes of entitlement were effected: 34,189 were removed from the rolls because of death, false and duplicate registration, self-support, absence, etc.; 48,545 were added to or re-instated on the rolls, including 42,470 children. Not all the changes in registration involved changes in entitlement to rations and the net increase in the number of ration beneficiaries as compared with 1960-1961 was 7,622. Table 3 of the annex gives a comprehensive picture of changes in the composition and entitlement of families registered for rations during the twelve-year period of July 1950 to June 1962. Table 4 gives information regarding the total registered population.

41. Since the beginning of its operations in May 1950, the Agency has recognized that its rolls have contained large inaccuracies with regard both to those ineligible for assistance who receive it and those who are eligible but who do not receive assistance. Many of these inaccuracies existed when the Agency took over the rolls of its predecessor organization, the United Nations Relief for Palestine Refugees. The Agency has reported to the Assembly on many occasions, notably in 1950-1951, at the very outset of the refugee problem and in 1954, 1955, 1959, 1960 and 1961, on the progress made through its routine processes in rectifying the ration rolls.³ Since 1950 these routine processes have resulted in the removal of more than 425,000 names from the Agency's ration rolls, as indicated in table 3 of the Annex.

42. As the Agency has pointed out on a number of occasions, with regard to this sensitive and complicated problem, the possibility of achieving substantial results in rectifying the rolls and placing relief on the basis of established individual need rather than on the basis of an assumption that anyone who has the status of a registered refugee is thereby both eligible for and in need of relief, depends on the co-operation of the refugees as well as of the host Governments. In resolution 1456 (XIV) of 9 December 1959, the General Assembly called upon the host Governments to co-operate more closely with the Agency in the rectification of the rolls. In 1960 the Agency reported some progress in this endeavor. During 1961 efforts were concentrated on eliminating the names of non-existent persons from the rolls, while at the same time issuing rations to children who had been registered for services but were not receiving them so far.

43. The Agency's current policy is to hold relief services at the current per capita level and at the aggregate expenditure level of 1962; and to concentrate, in accordance with resolution 1456 (XIV), on the three-year programme for expanding vocational training. UNRWA field directors, working' within the framework of this general policy and in co-operation with the host Governments, are striving to remove false and duplicated registrations and the names of the dead, and for each name so eliminated the name of a needy eligible refugee (usually that of a child) is being added. The problem of removing the names of those who have sufficient income to support themselves is more complex and only limited progress has been made up to this time.

44. During 1961-1962, the Agency's efforts to rectify the rolls in Jordan and Syria were somewhat delayed owing to political developments, involving administrative changes in the ministries concerned with refugee affairs in those countries. In Jordan, where some half of the refugees are living and the problem of rectification is largest numerically, there has been some increase in the rate of rectification, despite continued resistance brought about by suspicion of UNRWA's motives on the part of the refugees. During the period since the current efforts were started in October 1960, some 20,000 rations, representing dead, false and duplicate registrations and absentees were cancelled, with the simultaneous issue of rations to eligible refugee children who before were receiving only services.

45. In Lebanon the Government, with assistance from UNRWA, carried out during the year under review a complete census of the refugee population, dealing first with those living outside the Agency's camps and later with those living in camps. Although the problem of rectification of the rolls is numerically much smaller than in Jordan, the success of this special operation, together with the Agency's routine eligibility procedures, is producing significant results. While the complete data will be available only at the end of 1962, thus far some 3,200 rations have been cancelled, 1,500 of which were due to the census operation. In the Gaza Strip, joint action by the Government and the Agency to verify the existence of elderly refugees and the presence of refugees believed to be absent from the Strip has eliminated some 3,500 names from the rolls and allowed an approximately equivalent number of children on the waiting list to be inscribed. No special progress was made in Syria.

46. As noted above, on an over-all basis, the total deletion of ineligibles, including persons who had become self-supporting, has resulted in the removal of 34,189 names from the ration rolls in 1961-1962, as compared with 20,694 during 1960-1961.

47. It should be noted that in the past year the Agency has continued to be under pressure to provide assistance to the so-called "economic refugees" and to similar "other claimants for relief" (estimated at 317,000) who fail on technical grounds to satisfy the Agency's present relief criteria. Virtually the only assistance these people have received has been the services given to them in the fields of relief and education by the host Governments and voluntary agencies and, in particular, the distribution of United States surplus foodstuffs to them through the host Governments and voluntary agencies. There are, moreover, tens of thousands of eligible refugee children who are now denied relief as a result of budgetary limitations, which in turn necessitate a ceiling on the number of rations distributed in each country. Budgetary considerations have also necessitated a very strict limitation on providing assistance to refugees who, though originally self-supporting, have now become destitute, owing to age, sickness or lack of work.

CAMPS AND SHELTER

48. The steady increase in the population in the Agency's fifty-seven official camps, noted in annual reports since 1959, has continued.⁴ The number of refugees living in UNRWA camps by 30 June 1962 was i 456,400, or about 40 per cent of the total. The only substantial change in the numbers was due to the natural increase in the refugee population.

49. The fact that some 60 per cent of the refugees do not live in UNRWA official camps does not imply that, as a group, these particular refugees are self-supporting. The primary reason they do not live in the UNRWA camps is that they were not brought into them immediately after their displacement from Palestine and that they found such shelter as was available in other places. If some had small reserves, long since exhausted, they often may have preferred to rent a room or accept the hospitality of friends or relatives rather than face the rigours of the primitive arid overcrowded refugee camps in the earlier years. These people have been dependent on rations and other Agency services from the beginning, and the constant pressure for admissions into Agency official camps which, for physical and financial reasons cannot be met, speaks for itself. Nor in general is there any evident distinction in regard to well-being or employment opportunities between those who do live in Agency camps and those who do not.

50. The Agency continued to maintain 57 camps during 1961-1962, as noted above, with 25 in Jordan, 16 in Lebanon, and 8 each in the Gaza Strip and the Syrian Arab Republic. In Lebanon, land was obtained for the extension of one camp, which has long been needed, and plans for construction are in progress. Because of the need of assurances that refugees will not reoccupy vacated areas, construction of a new camp to house the refugees living in deplorable conditions in the old Jewish quarter of Jerusalem has not begun. In the Gaza Strip, construction to reduce overcrowding in two camps has continued.

51. The amount of construction during the year has continued to decrease, and over the three-year period of 1959-1962, it may be observed, construction costs, including maintenance and road works, have averaged $550,000, as compared with an average expenditure of $625,000 for 1958. The decrease has occurred, despite the increase in the population of the camps, largely because the tent replacement programme was completed at the beginning of 1960.

52. In general most older camps are becoming seriously crowded due to the establishment of new family units at time of marriage and the tendency of squatters to crowd into and around camps – particularly those located near larger villages and cities.

CLOTHING

53. During the second year of the new clothing programme, designed to minimize omissions and duplications, under which each refugee received 1.7 kilogrammes of clothing, a further saving of $50,000 was achieved in the transportation of clothing made available by voluntary agencies. Used shoes and other articles for which there was no demand were eliminated from the issues of clothing and refugees suffering special hardship are being given shoes made by refugee shoemakers, the cost being met from savings on the overseas freight of clothing. The voluntary agencies, moreover, have been most helpful in obtaining from contributors better quality clothing more suitable items, and a larger proportion of men's garments. While this programme has thus been much improved, particularly in regard to quality, there still is need for more clothing of certain types and UNRWA is working with the contributing agencies to this end. In Syria the distribution of clothing which had been interrupted in 1959, but resumed in 1960, was restricted to refugees suffering special hardship.

SOCIAL WELFARE

54. Over the years, the Agency's social welfare services have been primarily concerned with helping refugees suffering special hardship. The Agency has also encouraged a revival of effort and self-help on a community basis through co-operatives, sewing and carpentry centres and youth activities centres. The field welfare staff have acted both as case workers and community development advisers. The primary welfare programmes are outlined below.

Youth activities programme

55. During the past two years the Agency has helped to promote youth activities in order to give young people something constructive to do in their idle hours. Now almost 800 younger men have benefited from courses in the Leadership Training Centre at Broumana Lebanon, established in 1960 with the co-operation of the World Alliance of YMCA's. Much of the cost of this effort has been borne by the YMCA Alliance and other donors. While originally these courses were conducted entirely at Broumana they are now being de-centralized. For example, in 1961, two-week sports training camps were conducted in Jordan, Lebanon and the Gaza Strip and in 1962 one-month training courses were held in Jordan and the Gaza Strip, at reduced cost despite an increase in the number of trainees. More than 400 trained and active volunteer leaders help to supervise 5,300 centre members, and there are 176 committees responsible for various activities, and 740 teams and interest groups. There are now 38 youth activities centres as compared with 26 in April, 1960, and those with adequate facilities have grown from 6 to 24. Twenty-one of these centres are under the direction of volunteer leaders.

56. The programme has proved increasingly effective in combating idleness, lethargy and low morale among refugee youth. In Jordan particularly, service committees have fostered a programme of practical service to fellow refugees, including door-to-door surveys of handicapped refugees, tree planting, laying out of small gardens, clearing drainage facilities after heavy rain, registering people for emergency inoculations, soliciting funds for camp road improvement, delivering mail, and visiting the old and sick. In the summer of 1962 the youth of twelve centres will carry out summer recreation programmes for more than 1,000 younger boys. There has also been a noticeable increase in membership initiative in improving centre facilities.

Adult training courses

57. From the very beginning of its work in 1950, the Agency has maintained, at comparatively small cost, short training courses in sewing for young women and in woodwork for young men which, although not sufficient to achieve self-support, train the women to sew clothes for themselves and their families and take orders for their neighbours, and the men to do odd jobs in the camps or the nearest town, or to get work as carpenter apprentices. Most applicants for woodwork training were those who lacked the qualifications for admission to the Agency's vocational training centres.

58. In response to popular demand, the number of courses has increased from year to year. During 1961-1962 the number of sewing centres grew to 37, and the first carpentry centre outside the Gaza Strip was opened at Karameh, Jordan. The sewing centres conduct a six-month course and accommodate 30 trainees, and the woodwork centres accommodate 20 trainees for a one-year course. During the year, 1,748 women completed the sewing courses, and 101 Gaza refugees completed the course in woodwork. In almost all these centres there is a long waiting list for future courses. In the Gaza Strip, it may be noted, the Near East Christian Council has established a professional dressmaking course for 20 trainees of the sewing centres.

Refugee co-operatives

59. In 1958 the Agency first introduced the co-operative concept to refugees as a concrete example of the possibilities of community effort. Sixteen registered co-operatives were in operation up to 1961. While two of these failed during the year, two new co-operatives were organized in Jordan, one in handicrafts and the other a bakery. The Agency particularly stressed the organization of small co-operatives (which have a value both from the educational and the practical point of view) in the schools and youth activities centres. Ten school savings co-operatives and four youth centre co-operatives were organized in Jordan and one school canteen each in Lebanon and the Gaza Strip. A list of currently operating co-operatives is contained in table 8 of the annex.

Hardship cases

60. Both within and outside the Agency's camps there are thousands of refugees who are incapable, owing to age, infirmity or some other disability, of helping themselves in any way. With $42,150, the Agency was able to assist 10,984 of the most needy families, while some 34,000 were given special distributions of clothing, blankets and firewood. Agency welfare workers assisted many other refugees through consultation on personal problems and helped to arrange the reunion of families still separated fourteen years after the Palestine conflict. An Agency survey is now being made to determine by category and by degree of need the number of those suffering special hardship or privation.

Small grants to individuals

61. Many refugees, who had minor trades before the Palestine conflict, have been unable to pursue them since that time because of lack of tools or equipment. During 1961-1962, with an expenditure of $8,850, some 200 refugees have been enabled to resume work and earn small sums.

Handicapped youth

62. This programme, which was inaugurated in 1958, is designed to assist blind, dumb, deaf and crippled refugee youth. During the past year funds for this purpose have been limited but, with the held of outside donations, it proved possible to continue the training of 96 refugees from previous years and to initiate the training of a further 29 new entrants.

63. Twenty-two of these handicapped refugees completed their training during the past year, and 14 are already at work. The cost of the average course of six years is $1,800. Eleven Middle East institutions have co-operated in the programme. The most important development in this field during the past year was the grant of the Pontifical Mission for Palestine of $60,000 for the construction and equipment of a Centre for the Blind in Gaza, with provision for the first two years' operation. The Centre, which is to be opened in October 1962, will provide education and vocational training for 60 blind children, refugees and non-refugees, and operate a home service for adult blind throughout the Gaza Strip.

B. Health services

64. During 1961-1962, there was no major change in the nature of the Agency's health services. Work was continued in the preventive and curative medical fields, on milk and supplementary feeding programmes, and on environmental sanitation, at a total cost of $5.5 million. Three priorities were established for 1962, i.e., (a) streamlining of medical care services; (b) studies and review of the nutritional status of the refugees; and (c) training and professional stimulation of the health staff. The World Health Organization continued to assist the Agency through technical advice and the secondment of personnel, one of whom served as the Agency's Director of Health. Implementation of the health programme, as in the past, was almost entirely effected by a staff recruited from among the Palestine refugees.

65. The success of the health programme has been materially enhanced by the generous and substantial special assistance of Governments, universities, voluntary agencies, United Nations agencies (particularly WHO), private firms and individuals. Such assistance has taken the form of personnel, free hospital beds, services in out-patient clinics, maternal and child health centres, assistance in immunization campaigns, medical supplies, vaccines, layettes and supplementary food supplies. Some funds have also been provided in this manner for the construction of clinics and maternal and child health centres. The programme of medical rehabilitation through the physical training of crippled children is made possible only through donations received for this specific purpose. Similarly, two voluntary societies have made available the skills of a group of orthopaedic surgeons on a carefully planned basis which permitted doctors to come to the area in rotation. Donations have also helped to provide scholarships for a number of refugee students, particularly in basic training as nurses.

66. Throughout this period the Agency purchased most of its medical supplies through UNICEF on a world tender basis. The system of decentralization of supplies, introduced in 1961, is now working smoothly. Direct shipment of supplies to the various fields has eliminated the need for storage at the Beirut base warehouse and made possible considerable savings to the Agency.

CURATIVE AND PREVENTIVE MEDICAL SERVICES

Clinics, hospitals and laboratories

67. The Agency now maintains 99 static health centres and 12 mobile clinics. These centres provide in both curative and preventive services, including doctor's consultations, dressings, injections, eye treatments, dispensing of medicines, maternal and child health care, dental attention and health education. During 1961-1962 certain improvements were achieved in the system of medical consultation. A standard staffing pattern has been drawn up and is now being implemented. Out of savings already achieved in the health programme, some additional medical and paramedical posts have been established which will enable the Agency to raise the over-all quality of its services. Moreover, through the clinic construction programme, several older structures have been replaced by better-planned and more efficient buildings. As indicated in table 12 of the annex refugees averaged six visits per person to the health centres during the year.

68. The number of hospital beds maintained by or reserved for the Agency was reduced slightly from 2,080 in 1961 to 2,035 in 1962, primarily as the result of the closure of the Agency's hospital at Salt (Jordan) and the reduction in the number of beds subsidized in the Bhannes Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Lebanon) from 150 to 100. In general the Agency has continued its basic policy of using local resources, where possible, subsidizing beds for refugees in hospitals operated by Governments, local authorities, voluntary agencies or private concerns. The Agency now operates only two small camp hospitals, one cottage hospital and two tuberculosis sanatoria (one in conjunction with the Government authorities). After closure of the UNRWA hospital at Salt, redistribution of the Agency subsidized beds was made for the purpose of providing a wider and more efficient allocation of facilities, taking into account the needs and geographical distribution of the refugee problem. In the Syrian Arab Republic a new agreement was reached with the administration of the Mouassat Hospital in Damascus under which the Agency reserves 25 beds. Currently the ratio of hospital beds per 1,000 persons stands at 1.88.

69. The Agency continues to rely heavily on laboratories operated by Governments, universities and private organizations, depending on circumstances and the type of examination required. The Agency operates its own units only where necessary and currently this includes two small clinical laboratories in Lebanon, one in the Tuberculosis Hospital in Nablus (Jordan) and a central unit in the Gaza Strip.

Control of communicable diseases

70. There were no major epidemics during the past year and not a single case of any of the six "Convention" diseases – smallpox, plague, cholera, yellow fever, epidemic typhus, and louse-borne relapsing fever – among the refugee population. There was a small, very localized outbreak of malaria in the Jordan Valley and an increase in its incidence in the Gaza Strip, where, however, the source of infection was mostly exogenous. In the latter area also 13 cases of tetanus neonatorum occurred. The incidence of diphtheria (19 cases) was slightly higher than in the previous year, while that of poliomyelitis continued to be low in all countries, and there was a considerable decrease in the reported number of enteric group fever cases. Measles incidence showed a 32 per cent decrease and the number of cases of whooping cough also fell. During warm weather the prevalent diseases continued to be diarrhea, dysentery and infective eye conditions, such as acute conjunctivitis and trachoma.

71. The Agency; has continued its active immunization programmes against the enteric group fevers, small-pox, whooping cough, diphtheria and tetanus. The Agency has also carried out immunization of the age group 4 months-5 years in the Gaza Strip with oral 9 poliomyelitis vaccine.

Tuberculosis control

72. The Agency has continued to provide facilities for the treatment of refugee patients suffering from tuberculosis in hospitals and through out-patient services. In this treatment there has been very close co-operation with the corresponding services of the host countries, particularly in the Syrian Arab Republic, Jordan and Gaza. Adequate medical supplies have been provided and, in addition, out-patients under treatment are given double basic rations, on the recommendation of the supervising medical specialist.

Maternal and child health

73. Special care for expectant mothers, infants, pre-school children and the school population generally has been one of the major activities of the Agency's health programme since 1950. Supervision, advice and guidance are given to mothers, before and after delivery, in 84 maternal and child health centres. Layettes are issued, supplementary rations authorized, and prophylactic immunization schedules suitable for infants and young children implemented. Since gastroenteritis is a common condition among the young during warm weather, a special regime for its treatment has been evolved, based on the maintenance or restoration of the body fluids and electrolyte balance, appropriate medication, and special diet (at the supplementary feeding centres). In addition, two rehydration units have been equipped in the Gaza Strip for the treatment of infants and young children suffering from this condition with an associated mild or moderate dehydration. The results are very encouraging in the terms of the number of lives saved.

Nursing services

74. The Agency directly employs a staff of 127 nurses and 333 nursing auxiliaries in preventive and curative services, in addition to the considerable nursing staff employed in clinics and hospitals subsidized by UNRWA. While UNRWA nursing staff participates in virtually every aspect of the Agency's health programme, they have particular responsibilities in those activities related to maternal and child health, home visiting, school health, health education and tuberculosis control.

Health education

75. The programme of health education, which dates almost from the inception of the Agency, uses various methods and media to disseminate information, create interest and stimulate a better understanding of good health practices. These include health films, flannel-graphs, health calendars, and specific seasonal programmes on the prevention of infectious diseases and nutritional subjects. In schools, health education is promoted through health committees. In addition to its medical, nursing, pare-medical and teaching staff members, the Agency also employs 25 health education workers who maintain close contacts with the various communities and groups, especially in camps and villages, and utilize every opportunity to spread ideas for healthier living.

NUTRITION AND MILK AND SUPPLEMENTARY FEEDING PROGRAMME

76. Since the basic ration is dietetically inadequate, the protection of such vulnerable groups as infants, young children and expectant and nursing mothers is of paramount importance. The Agency provides a daily issue of whole milk to infants (aged 0-1 years), skim milk to children (2-15 years), and to mothers from the fifth month of pregnancy to the end of the twelfth month after delivery. It also provides a nutritionally balanced hot meal! six days per week, to medically selected beneficiaries (mainly in the age group 0-6 years) and special diets for severely under-nourished infants and those suffering from diarrhea. It provides vitamin A and D capsules to those receiving supplementary feeding and to children in elementary schools. Through the school milk programme, it gives a daily issue of skim milk to all children up to the age of 12 years.

77. In order to obtain the optimum results from the supplementary feeding and milk programmes, certain changes in the procedures for supplementary feeding and milk distribution were introduced in the spring of 1962. The main changes were: (a) the issue of a whole milk/skim milk mixture for babies aged 6-12 months, and for non-breast fed babies under 6 months, in place of the whole milk previously issued for babies ~12 months; and (b) the provision, on an experimental basis in certain camps, of a daily hot meal to all children aged 2-6 and to certain older, under-nourished children. Previously all beneficiaries over 2 years of age of the latter part of the programme were subject to medical selection, but in future only those over 6 years wil1 be.

78. Two full-scale nutrition surveys were carried out by the United States Interdepartmental Committee on Nutrition for National Defence (one in Lebanon and one in Jordan in the spring of 1961 and 1962 respectively), involving both the refugee and non-refugee population in these two countries. Senior members of the Agency's Health Department participated in these surveys. The resulting information obtained has proved to be most valuable. In general it can be stated that the nutritional status of the refugee population has been found to be approximate to the standard of nutrition of the other sections of the local population.

ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION

79. The essential environmental sanitation programme, which provides for water supply, sewage and refuse disposal, insect control measures and drainage, was implemented satisfactorily. Overcrowding and inadequate control of hut construction continue to impair environmental sanitation in many camps, particularly in suburban areas. Although the rainfall during 1961 was within the normal range, in Jordan an emergency water supply programme costing $45,000 had to be implemented to meet water shortages, especially in camps near municipalities. With regard to waste disposal, it is noteworthy and encouraging that more and more refugee families are accepting and participating in the construction of family latrines. The use of these latrines is promoted and subsidized by the Agency.

MEDICAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING

80. The Agency programme of professional training in the medical sciences at the university level, through the granting of 168 scholarships, is described elsewhere in the report. During the past year a subsidy was granted to the School of Nursing at the Augusta Victoria Hospital, Jerusalem, where there are 17 students following courses in basic nursing. For the in-service training of Agency medical and pare-medical staff, there are facilities for attendance at scientific assemblies, such as the annual Middle East Medical Assembly in Beirut, lectures by distinguished specialists and various courses for nurses and midwives. In May 1962, Agency medical officers attended a one-day symposium in Beirut on the practical aspects of management with respect to diarrhoea and malnutrition treatments in childhood. Contributors to this symposium included not only senior UNRWA staff members but the Professor of Paediatrics of the American University of Beirut and the UNICEF Professor of Child Health at the Makerere Medical School, Kampala, Uganda. A Health Department Bulletin has been created for circulation to the staff. Plans are now being developed for the inclusion next year of a training course in environmental sanitation in one of the Agency's vocational training courses

C. Education and vocational training

81. The General Assembly has recognized that increased emphasis on general education and vocational training, including teacher training, is indispensable for refugee children and young adults if they are to face the future with confidence and self-reliance; and that this is true regardless of where they may ultimately live. The Assembly's recent resolutions endorsed the Agency's proposals to maximize the effort to provide assistance to young refugees to enable them to develop their innate abilities. During the past year the Agency has moved forward according to plan in implementing its three-year programme, particularly in the expansion of vocational training facilities. The Agency now faces the important problem of improving the quality of general education, which lies at the base of the vocational training programme and which, to a large extent, determines the level of knowledge and skill which trainees can attain. During the past year the Agency's education and vocational training programme continued to have the valuable benefit of technical guidance and leadership from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, which made available to UNRWA twenty-one international specialists, one of whom serves as Director of the Educational Department

GENERAL AND UNIVERSITY EDUCATION

82. The steady growth of the Agency's programme of general education is reflected in the fact that its annual budget for this purpose has increased from $400,000 a decade ago to nearly $7 million in 1960-1961. The refugee child today has considerably greater educational opportunities than his parents had. In Palestine, under the Mandate, a little over half of the children of school age were receiving some form of education and the rate of illiteracy was approximately 58 per cent. Today the Agency, with the co-operation of the host Governments, is offering six years of elementary education to all refugee children and three years of preparatory education to all who satisfactorily complete their elementary education. It is also offering secondary education to a rapidly growing number of pupils through grants to Government and private schools. In addition, a limited number of the most gifted students are given university scholarships. One striking feature of this movement towards a comprehensive education system has been the increasing participation of girls at all stages. Another is the regular school programme of manual training, developed since 1955, covering technical drawing, woodwork and metal work; under this programme there are now 64 centres with 22,400 pupils. The educational facilities provided by the Agency are comparable with those available to the national population of the host countries.

83. In the school year 1961-1962, out of a total of 196,300 refugee pupils, 137,137 pupils received their education in the Agency's elementary, preparatory and secondary schools. The Agency assisted 48,635 pupils in Government or private schools under a grants-in-aid system, and these schools also received 10,528 pupils without subsidy.

84. The fact that the majority of the teachers employed by the Agency (4,023 in 1961-1962) are, by normal standards, inadequately qualified continues to be a major obstacle in the way of development of a satisfactory education programme. This deficiency is still serious despite the improvement in teaching standards which has been achieved in recent years through the operation of summer and in-training courses and the establishment of demonstration schools connected with the teacher training centres. The first qualified teachers to be trained at the Agency's Centre for men in Ramallah, Jordan, which opened in 1960, will begin teaching in UNRWA schools in the autumn of 1962. They will be of a considerably higher standard than the majority of new teachers in the past.

85. The improvement of general education, as envisaged in the Agency's three-year plan, has only partially been achieved. Overcrowding in the classrooms is less than in former years, the elimination of double shifting continues as planned and certain much needed improvements in educational teaching materials and textbooks have been achieved. There have not been sufficient funds, however, to permit the introduction of science teaching, home economics and physical training or to put into general application the experience gained in the demonstration schools.

86. With an increasing number of refugee students completing their secondary education, more and more applicants continue to present themselves for university scholarships. Through a further contribution from the Arabian American Oil Company (ARAMCO) it has been possible to sponsor 14 additional students in the year under review, thus bringing the total number of ARAMCO scholarships to 36. Furthermore, UNRWA has been able to award 39 other new university scholarships which were financed from funds obtained during the World Refugee Year. The total number of university scholarships made available has increased from 402 in the previous year to 469 in the year under review. Since the end of June 1961, 66 UNRWA-sponsored scholars graduated from the various universities of the Middle East, of whom 55 received their degrees in medicine, engineering and sciences. The graduation of these scholars has released an equal number of scholarships for re-allocation to new scholars. In addition, an estimated average of three scholarships becomes vacant each year owing to the holders dropping out of their courses. The scholarships thus vacated, together with the newly created scholarships just described, have sufficed to permit a total of 152 new awards to be made during the past year. Considering the number of applicants with high academic records, this rate of new awards still falls far short of meeting the real need. Fortunately, as in previous years, refugee students continue to be sponsored in appreciable numbers by the Governments of the host countries, particularly the United Arab Republic. The French Government also awards 35 scholarships for refugees for university education, in addition to those given for secondary education and for vocational training.

87. Statistical details concerning the Agency's educational system are to be found in tables 19-23 of the annex.

VOCATIONAL TRAINING (INCLUDING TEACHER TRAINING)

88. There has been considerable progress during the year in expanding the facilities for vocational and teacher training, which, by September 1962, will have an enrolment of 2,800 trainees. This figure brings the Agency within easy reach of the 1963 target of a total capacity of 4,400. The implementation of the programme is proceeding in accordance with the planned schedule, as will be seen from the following summary:

(a) The extension to the Vocational Training Centre at Wadi Seer (Jordan) has been completed. The capacity is now 404 trainees.

(b) The first phase of the extension to the Vocational Training Centre in Gaza has been completed; the second will be completed in September 1962. The capacity will then be 368 trainees.

(c) The first phase of the construction of the Vocational Training Centre near Damascus (Syrian Arab Republic) was completed in September 1961. The second will be completed by September 1962. The capacity is now 404 trainees.

(d) Both the first and second phases of the construction of the Vocational Training Centre at Siblin (Lebanon) will be completed before September 1962 and the capacity will then be 396 trainees.

(e) An extension to the Teacher Training Centre for men at Ramallah (Jordan) has been completed; the total capacity of the Centre will be 400 in September 1963.

(f) The combined Teacher Training and Vocational Training Centre for girls at Ramallah (Jordan) will be completed and opened in October 1962 with a total capacity for 633 trainees. By September 1964 the Centre will be working at full capacity.

(g) 150 students are attending teacher-training institutions in the Gaza Strip and the United Arab Republic, a number which will be increased to 300 in September 1962.

(h) The first phase of the construction of the Home Vocational Training Centre in the Syrian Arab Republic for 192 trainees will be completed by September 1962, and it is planned that further extension to bring the total capacity up to 384 will have been completed by September 1963.

89. The construction of one and possibly two new centres will begin this year. A donation from the Swedish Government will cover the cost of a centre to be established in Lebanon with residential accommodation for 264 trainees. The curriculum will include the training of 150 teachers of general subjects for day schools 32 handicraft teachers, 32 telecommunication technicians, and 50 instructors and foremen for technical schools and industry. Selected trainees from the Agency's vocational centres will be sent to Sweden for a year's industrial and technical training and on their return they will be given a further one-year course to become instructors and foremen. The Swedish donation will cover the cost of construction and equipment, the salaries of necessary specialists and two years of running costs. The second new centre will be at Khan Yunis in the Gaza Strip and will have accommodation for 80 non-residential trainees. The subjects to be taught at this centre are now under discussion with the authorities in Gaza.

90. Arrangements have been made with the authorities in Gaza to send graduates from the Vocational Training Centre in Gaza town to the United Arab Republic for a year's training in industry.

91. Two UNRWA instructors were sent at the Agency's expense to the United Kingdom for short courses of further training as specialists, and they will be returning to teach and supervise in the autumn of 1962. During the coming school year, 13 more instructors are to attend courses in the United Kingdom and the United Arab Republic. These instructors have accepted an obligation to return to UNRWA and teach for a stipulated minimum period.

92. A counselling programme has been introduced to assist in the recruitment of trainees and to guide them in the selection of courses. A counsellor is to be attached to each centre.

93. Arrangements have been made with the ILO to conduct a man-power survey to determine trends within the expanding Middle East economies so that the Agency can better relate its training programme to the needs of these countries. The Agency has developed its training programme with flexibility so that it can adapt its programme to changes in the pattern of demand as they occur by modifying or dropping courses and by adding new ones.

94. During the past year, distinguished representatives of many countries, including vocational training experts, have visited the Agency's vocational training centres. They have commented favourably on the work, the purposeful atmosphere, the suitability of premises and equipment, and the low capital and operational costs. Without doubt such visits have contributed to the progressively favourable response the Agency has received from Governments, organizations and individuals, in the form of donations both for construction of centres and for the sponsoring of scholarships for vocationa1 students in training.

95. Statistical details of the Agency's present vocational and teacher-training programme will be found in tables 24 and 25 of the annex.

D. Self-support activities

96. By 1956 experience had shown that large-scale development projects, directly associated with the refugee problem, such as had been projected in the earlier years of the Agency's operation, were in principle unacceptable to the refugees and Arab opinion generally. It was also clear that the economic and social obstacles in the way of implementing such projects were greater than had been realized. In recent years therefore the Agency, with the approval of the General Assembly and the support of the host Governments, has concentrated on the development of general education and the expansion of vocational training facilities to enable younger refugees to play a useful and productive role in the rapidly changing society of the Middle East. Since 1956 the Agency has also stressed smaller, individual self-support projects and, under its three-year plan, made provision for individual assistance in the amount of $500,000 and received some $343,000 from World Refugee Year sources designated for this purpose.

DEVELOPMENT BANK OF JORDAN

97. Since its establishment in 1951, with substantial Agency participation, the Development Bank of Jordan has granted loans to encourage economic development and raise living standards. The total number of refugees employed on projects established with the aid of the Bank amounts to some 13,000, as compared with 12,000 last year. Only 28 loans, totalling $102,000, were made during the year ending 31 March 1962, as compared with 107, in the amount of $466,000, during the previous period. This reflects the slow development in the Bank's operations because of the lack of fresh capital.

PLACEMENT SERVICES

98. The Agency's placement service provides a link between potential Middle East employers and refugees with suitable qualifications, including graduates of the vocational training centres. During the year 300 requests were received from various employers regarding more than 1,100 vacancies; over 1,500 applications were processed and 835 applicants, the majority of them teachers, were placed in employment.

E. Financial operations

99. As explained in the introduction to this report, the Agency's fiscal period is the calendar year, whereas the present report covers the period 1 July 1961 to 30 June 1962. (The summary accounts of the Agency are published in separate documents, together with the related Auditors' Report).⁵ To facilitate comparison this section presents a resume of the financial operations in fiscal year 1961 and a revised estimate of operations in fiscal year 1962. Part II of the Report presents the budget for the year 1963 and discusses the problems of financing it.

100. The financial operations for 1961 may be summarized as in the table in the next column.

101. The Agency's original budget for 1961 as submitted to the General Assembly was $40.6 million, of which, as noted above, $39 million was actually expended or committed by the end of that year. The saving of $1.6 million is accounted for by two factors, viz $0.8 million which represents an operational reserve not required and the balance which arises from basic commodity prices being more favourable than anticipated.

102. During 1961, the Agency's working capital (not including that reserved for 1960 commitments carried forward to 1961) was reduced by $2.1 million. In fact, however, this depletion of capital represented no more than the expenditure of special, one-time income received in 1960 from the World Refugee Year and other special sources which was utilized in 1961 for the expansion of vocational and teacher training facilities and

	Budget items brought forward from 1960	Budget for 1961	Total
	(In million of U.S. dollars)
Working capital at 1 January 1961	2.3	22.1.	24.4
Income for 1961:
Regular Government pledges	—	33.5	33.5
Other regular income	—	1.6	1.6
World Refugee Year and related special income	—	1.8	1.8
	—	36.9	36.9
Total funds available in 1961	2.3	59.0	61.3
Expenditure and commitments in 1961:
Relief services	1.6	26.2	27.8
Elementary and secondary educa-tion:	0.3	7.6	7.9
Vocational and university education	0.1	5.0	5.1
Projects and special activities	0.3	0.2	0.5
	2.3	39.0	41.3
Working capital at 31 December 1961.	—	20.0	20.0b

a. Including $2.4 million of World Refugee Year and related special income for the three-year plan of expansion of vocational training, and $1.4 million of unpaid pledges largely paid in 1961.

b. excluding provision for SS million of commitments carried forward to 1962 and including $1.1 million unpaid pledges expected to be paid in 1962.

related items included in the Agency's three-year programme. In the "normal" budget sector (covering food, shelter, health and welfare assistance) the Agency's in-come just equalled expenditure and commitments for the year.

103. However, these relatively favourable financial. results, as noted above, were achieved only because basic commodity prices proved to be considerably lower than in 1960 and because the Agency did not find it necessary to utilize any of its $0.8 million operationa1 reserve set up for contingencies. Similar favourable circumstances cannot be expected to recur in future.

104. During 1961, financial operations for relief services were largely routine, and the amount of work in progress but not completed at year end ($1.5 million) was about equal to that at the start of the year in financial terms. In elementary and secondary education a considerable part (some $0.6 million) of the budget for capital facilities also was not implemented by year end and had to be carried forward into 1962.

105. Efforts were concentrated during 1961 on the implementation of the Agency's three-year plan to expand vocational training facilities—some $3.7 million having been expended or committeed for this purpose. At the end of the year a considerable proportion of this work was still in progress, so that some $2.5 million was carried forward into 1962.

106. During the year, the programme for loans and grants for individual assistance was being re-appropriated and the funds available for this programme, amounting to $0.4 million, were carried forward to 1962 for use in that year.

107. In general, in most recent years the implementation of the Agency's budget for capital items (construction and equipment), other than for vocational and teacher training, has tended to lag behind schedule some six to eight months because of the uncertainty of avail-able funds until well into the budget year.

108. For 1962, the Agency's budget was originally set at $39.2 million. However, this has now been revised to $37.4 million due to the decline in basic commodity prices (about $1 million below budget estimates) and the likelihood that the Agency will not now be forced to use its operational reserve of $0.8 million.

109. The following table summarizes the Agency's revised estimated financial operations in 1962:

	Budget items brought forward from 1961	Budget for 1962	Total
	(In millions of U.S. Dollars)
Working capital at 1 January 1962	5.0	20.0	25.0
Estimated income for 1962:
Regular Government pledges	—	33.6	33.6
Other regular income	—	0.9	0.9
World Refugee Year and related special income	—	0.2	0.2
Vocational training centre and teacher-training centre scholarships and related special income	—	1.5	1.5
	—	36.2	36.2
Total estimated funds available in 1962	5.0	56.2	61.2
	Budget items brought forward from 1961	Budget for 1962	Total
	(In millions of U.S. dollars)
Estimated expenditure in 1962:
Relief services	1.5	26.3	27.8
Elementary and secondary education	0.6	8.0	8.6
Vocational and university education	2.5	2.9	5.4
Projects and special activities	0.4	0.2	0.6
	5.0	37.4	42.4
Estimated working capital at 31 December 1962	—	18.8	18.8

110. During the year 1962 the Agency expects to complete most of the vocational and teacher training and other items carried forward from the 1961 budget, as well as implementing its programme for 1962. How-ever, certain construction works will not have been completed by the end of 1962 and provision for them will similarly have to be carried forward into 1963.

111. The estimated income for 1962 is $1.2 million less than the estimated expenditure, despite the expectation of some $1.7 million of income from special sources for the vocational and teacher-training programmes. The shortfall in 1962 can be met from working capital, leaving a balance of $18.8 million at the end of the year. As shown in part II of this report, a deficit in income for 1963 of $3 million is expected if the regular contributions from Governments for that year remain at the 1962 level. Such a deficit would reduce working capital by the end of 1963 to about $15.7 mil-lion. This seems to be about the bare minimum of working capital required in relation to a budget of approximately $40 million per year.

112.Further details of the Agency's financial operations in 1961 and 1962 (and earlier years) may be obtained from tables 26 to 30 annexed hereto.

F. Relations with host Governments and organizations

113. On the whole, the Agency's relations with the host Governments were maintained during the year on terms of co-operation and cordiality. It is probably not generally appreciated that the Agency's operations come into contact with the interests of the Governments at many points, ranging through the entire scale of these operations. Some aspects of its programme are of major concern to the Governments. These matters, as well as those of a routine character, have been fully and frankly discussed with the authorities in an attempt to maintain the mutual understanding required for the efficient and effective operation of the Agency's programme. No serious new difficulties were encountered as a result of local political developments. Matters regarding the status of the Agency, its privileges and immunities and those of its staff have been approached on the basis that the special position of the Agency and its staff in the host countries should be regarded not so much as a matter of principle but rather as a matter of practical administrative convenience, the purpose and justification being related to specific functions which the Agency could not otherwise discharge with proper efficiency. A few outstanding questions which, in the past, have proved resistant to solution have been the subject of further review and discussion, and progress has been made toward their settlement.

114. Special note should be taken of the provision by Governments of substantial tracts of land for the construction of the vocational and teacher-training centres which constitute a major feature of the Agency's programme. Such action provides concrete evidence of their basic interest in this programme and their desire to encourage its implementation and development. The Governments have also continued their contribution to the Agency's relief operations by rendering direct as-sistance in health, education, welfare and related services and by providing land, water and security protection for Agency installations. The direct burden to the host Governments during the past year has amounted to more than $5.6 million.

115. The many voluntary agencies operating in the Middle East have continued their assistance to the refugees in fields supplementary to the Agency's programme, especially in gifts of clothing and the provision of health, education and welfare services. These activities are closely co-ordinated with those of the Agency. In addition, many of these agencies contribute directly to the Agency. Examples of such contributions are a substantial gift during the year for the construction of a Centre for the Blind in the Gaza Strip and the growing number of scholarships made available for students in the Agency's vocational and teacher-training centres. The voluntary agencies which have made direct contributions during the year to the UNRWA programme are listed in table 10 of the annex.

116. Final1y, the Agency wishes to acknowledge the co-operation and assistance of other United Nations organs during the past year. UNESCO and WHO provided technical assistance as well as personnel to supervise and implement the Agency's education and health programme. Similarly, the Food and Agriculture Organization provided technical advice. The Agency carried on extensive consu1tations with United Nations Headquarters in New York, particularly with rezard to administrative matters. The Agency benefits from sharing communications, and transport facilities with the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization and the United Nations Emergency Force and from making use of the purchasing facilities of UNICEF. The Agency itself assisted the United Nations Conciliation Commission for Palestine, at its request, in certain arrangements for the release of Arab assets still held in banks located in Israel.

Endnotes

1. Information concerning the origin of the Agency and its mission and work prior to 1 July 1961 will be found in the following annual reports and other United Nations documents:

A. Final report of the United Nations Economics Survey Mission for the Middle East (28 December 1949) (A/AC.25/6, parts I and II).

B. Report of the Secretary-General on Assistance to Palestine Refugees: Official Records of the General Assembly, Fourth Session, Ad Hoc Political Committee, Annexes, vol. II, p. 14 (A/1060).

C. Reports of the Director of UNRWA and special reports of the Director and Advisory Commission to the General Assembly:

(a) Official Records of The General assembly, Fifth Session, Supplement No. 19 (A/1451/Rev.l)

(b) Ibid., Sixth Session, Supplements Nos. 16 and 16A (A/1905 arid Add.l);

(c) Ibid., Seventh Session, Supplements Nos. 13 and 13A (A/2171 and Add.l);

(d) Ibid., Eighth Session, Supplements Nos. 12 and 12A (A/2470 and Add.l);

(e) Ibid., Ninth Session, Supplements Nos. 17 and 17A (A/2717 and Add.l)

(f) Ibid., Tenth Session, Supplements Nos. 15 and 15A (A/2978 and Add.l);

(g) Ibid., Eleventh Session, Supplements Nos. 14 and 14A (A/3212 and Add.1)

(h) Ibid., Twelfth Session, Supplement No. 14 (A/3686 and A/3735)

(i) Ibid., Thirteenth Session, Supplement No. 14 (A/3931 and A/3948);

(j) Ibid., Fourteenth Session, Supplement No. 14 (A/4213);

(k) Ibid., Fifteenth Session, Supplement No. 14 (A/4478)

(l) Ibid., Sixteenth Session, Supplement No. 14 (A/4861).

D. Pertinent General Assembly resolutions:

194 (III) of 11 December 1948, 212 (III) of 19 November 1948 302 (IV) of 8 December 1949, 393 (V) of 2 December 1950; 513 (VI) of 26 January 1952; 614 (VII) of 6 November 1952; 720 (VIII) of 27 November 1953; 818 (IX) of 4 December 1954; 916 (X) of 3 December 1955; 1018 (XI) of 8 February 1957; 1191 (XII) of 12 December 1957, 1315 (XIII) of 12 December 1958, 1456 (XIV) of 9 December 1959; 1604 (XV) of 21 April 1961; 1725 (XVI) of 20 Decem-ber 1961.

2. General Assembly resolution 1456 (XIV) 0f 9 December 1959.

3. See Official Records of the General Assembly, Fifth Session, Supplement No. 19 (A/1451/Rev.1), paras. 13-19; ibid, Sixth Session, Supplement No. 16 (a/1905), paras. 15-24; ibid., Ninth Session Supplement No 17 (A/2717), paras. 10-12; ibid., Tenth Session Supplement No. 15 (A/2978), paras. 8-10 and Supplement No. 15A (A/2978/Add.1); ibid., Fourteenth session, Supplement No. 14 (A/4478), paras. 51-52 and ibid., Sixteenth Session, Supplement No. 14 (A/4861), paras. 38-42

4. A/4214, paras. 20-21; A/4478, paras. 68-70; and a/4861, paras. 43-46

5. For the Year 1961, see Official Records of the General Assembly, Seventeenth Session, Supplement No. 6B (A/5206/Add.2).

Annex to part I

STATISTICS CONCERNING REGISTERED POPULATION AND CAMPS

Table 1

TOTAL REGISTERED POPULATION ACCORDING TO CATEGORY OF REGISTRATION,

1950 – 1962

	Members of families registered for rations “R” category					E & M categories	“N” category
	1	2b	3c	4	5d	6d	7d	8e
	Full ration recipients	Half-ration recipients	Babies and children registered for services	Total 1+2+3	Other members receiving no rations	Members of families receiving education and/or medical services	Members of families receiving no rations or services	Grand total 4+5+6+7
June 1950	f	f	f	960,021	—	—	—	960021
June 1951	826,459	51,034	2,174	879,667	—	—	24,455	904 122
June 1952	805,593	58,733	18,347	882,673	—	—	32,738	915,411
June 1953	772,166	64,817	34,765	871,748	—	—	45 013	916,761
June 1954	820,486	17 340	49,232	887 058	—	—	54 793	941 851
June 1955	828,531	17 228	60,227	905 986	—	—	63,403	969 389
June 1956	830,266	16,987	75,026	922,279	—	—	74 059	996,338
June 1957	830 611	16 733	86,212	933 556	18,203	4 462	62 980	1 019 201
June 1958	836 781	16 577	110,600	963 958	19,776	5 901	63,713	1 053 348
June 1959	843,739	16,350	130,092	990 181	21,548	6,977	68,922	1,087 628
June 1960	849 634	16 202	150,170	1 016 006	22 639	8 792	73,452	1 120 889
June 1961	854 268	15 998	169,730	1 039,996	23 947	9 515	77,566	1 151,024
June 1962	862,083	15,805	176,772	1,054,660	20,004	9,027	91,069	1,174,760

a The above statistics are based on the Agency's registration records which do not necessarily reflect the actual refugee population owing to factors such as the high rate of unreported deaths and undetected false registration.

b Includes up to the year 1954 Bedouins who thereafter received full rations and babies who are now issued with full rations after their first anniversary. Half rations are given at present only to frontier villagers in Jordan.

c Includes babies below one year of age and children who because of ration ceilings are not issued rations (145,042 in Jordan).

d Columns 5, 6 and 7 show the refugees whose registration for services has been reduced or cancelled according to their family income as known to the Agency and the income scale in force in their country of residence.

The members of "R" families receiving no rations (column 5) correspond to a level of income insufficient to cancel the whole family's entitlement to rations. Up to 1956, such refugees were reported together with families of the "N" category (column 7).

The "E" and "M" categories of registration (column 6) created in 1956 are applied in Lebanon only because it has not been possible to secure agreement for the introduction in other host countries of the income scales providing for the progressive reduction or restoration of rations.

"N" category (column 7) includes refugees whose income is such as to disqualify them for rations or normal services, or who have received assistance to enable them to become self-supporting.

In general, it must be pointed out that the distribution of refugees by category of registration gives only a partial picture of the number of self-supporting refugees owing to the limitations faced by the Agency in determining their actual income or degree of need.

e· The total population as at June 1952 included 19,616 refugees receiving relief in Israel who were UNRWA's responsibility up to 1 July 1952.

f Details not available.

Table 2

DISTRIBUTION OF REGISTERED REFUGEE POPULATION ACCORDING TO COUNTRY OF RESIDENCE,

CATEGORY OF REGISTRATION AND AGE AS AT 30 JUNE 1962

			Number	of persons
Country	Category of registration a	Below one year b	1-15 years c	15 years and over	Total	Number of families
	R	10,750	230,968	352,530	594,248	110,500
Jordan	N	271	9,744	34,882	441897	10,985
Total		11,021	240,712	387,412	639,145	121,485
	R	6,481	106,202	140,398	253 081	45,572
Gaza	N	76	3,891	11,566	15 533	4,944
Total		6,557	110,093	151,964	268,614	50,516
	R	1,845	47,336	68,558	117,739	24 721
Lebanon	E M	73	2,163	5,428	7 664	1 414
	N	93	2,742	16,536	19 371	6,686
Total		2,011	52,241	90,522	144,774	32,821
	R	3,342	43,855	62,399	109 596	23,569
Syrian Arab	E M d	12	413	938	1,363	193
Republic	N	27	1,556	9,685	11,268	4,662
Total		3,381	45,824	73,022	122,227	28,424
	R	22,418	428,361	623,885	1,074,664	204,362
Agency	E M	85	2,576	6,366	9,027	1,607
total	N	467	17,933	72,669	91,069	27,277
Grand Total		22,970	448,870	702,920	1,174,760	233,246

a· See table 1 for explanation of category of registration.

b The number of babies below one year of age is less than the number of births recorded during the preceding year, owing to delays in registration of births.

c A number of children born since 1950 in E & M and N families is not registered with the Agency.

d These categories apply only to some UNRWA employees.

RECAPITULATION OF CHANGES IN COMPOSITION AND/OR ENTITLEMENT OF REFUGEE FAMILIES REGISTERED FOR RATIONS JULY 1950—JUNE 1962 a

Year	July 50 June 51 b	July 51 June 52 b	July 52 June 53	July 53 June 54	July 54 June 55	July 55 June 56	July 56 June 57	July 59 June 58	July 58 June 59	July 59 June 60	July 60 June 61	July 61 June 62	Total July 50 June 62
Increases
Births c	10,057	21,315	28,335	28,711	30,788	30,658	27,960	40,041	37,047	37,776	39,299	42,470	374,457
New registration	19 537	13 265	1,993	2 885	1 502	1 287	1 459	859	645	525	324	514	44,795
Loss of self-support d	8 481	2 592	2,685	4 194	4 461	8 433	6 823	6,045	4,040	4 417	3,490	3,394	59 055
Returned from absence	—	—	180	442	642	973	3,510	1,436	1,113	1 039	935	1,457	11 727
Miscellaneous e	10,256	12,468	2,014	521	680	1,061	309	231	292	248	252	710	29,042
TOTAL	48,331	49,640	35,207	36,753	38,073	42,412	40,061	48,612	43,137	44,005	44,300	48,545	519,076
Decreases
Deaths	896	4053	3,897	3 764	4,042	4,409	5,582	5,263	4,956	5,041	8,919	18,660	69,482
False registration and duplication	24,265	16 919	4,530	2 737	926	485	584	425	406	570	571	852	53,270
Self-support d	4,121	17,739	12,884	12,717	10,184	19,086	16,328	9 541	7,815	9 764	8,127	8 628	136 916
Absence	1,174	5,466	2,995	1,810	2,581	1,492	5,632	2 869	2,128	2 183	2,334	4 301	34 965
Miscellaneous e	97,268	5,157	20,891	410	1,628	563	357	455	505	701	743	1,748	130,426
TOTAL	127,724	49,334	45,197	21,438	19,361	26,017	28,483	18,553	15,810	18,259	20,694	34,189	425,059

Total ration recipients,	June 50
babies and children at year end	960,021	879,667	882,673	871,748	887,058	905,986	922,279	933,556	963,958	990,181	1,016,006	1,039,996	1,054,660

a This table recapitulates changes affecting the total number of ration recipients, their babies and children registered for services (column 4 of table 1) over twelve years. Births, new registrations, deaths, false registrations and duplications result in additions to or deletions from the registration records. Self-support and absence reflect transfers to or from the lower categories of registration (shown in columns 5, 6 and 7 of table 1).

Transfers within or between host countries, as well as issue of rations to babies attaining one year of age, are not shown in this table.

b Includes changes effected during the 1950-1951 census operation.

c Fluctuation of births from year to year derives to a large extent from delayed registration.

d Covers mcome, employment witl1 the Agency, asslstance towards self-support, etc. or the cessation thereof

e Miscellaneous changes include up to June 1953 a number of additions to or deletions from the registration records as well as certain changes in category of registration. The deletion of refugees in Israel from the Agency's records is also reported mainly under this heading (40,930 persons over the period July 1950-June 1953).

Table 4

RECAPITULATION OF CHANGES IN COMPOSITION OF TOTAL REGISTERED REFUGEE POPULATION, JULY 1950—JUNE 1962 a

Year	July 50 June 51	July 51 June 52	July 52 June 53	July 53 June 54	July 54 June 55	July 55 June 56	July 56 June 57	July 59 June 58	July 58 June 59	July 59 June 60	July 60 June 61	July 61 June 62	Total July 50 June 62
Additions
Births	10,057	21,315	28,335	28,711	30,788	30,658	27,960	40,157	37,555	38,481	39,953	43,325	377,295
New registration	19,537	13,265	1,993	2,885	1,502	1,287	1,459	894	661	684	419	992	45,578
Miscellaneous.:	5,159 b	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	5,159
TOTAL	34,753	34,580	30,328	31,596	32,290	31,945	29,419	41,051	38,216	39,165	40,372	44,317	428,032
Deletions
Deaths	896	4,053	3,897	3,764	4,042	4,409	5,582	5,446	5,188	5,235	9,213	19,515	71,240
False and duplicate registration	24,265	16,919	4,530	2,737	926	485	584	497	515	683	841	1,384	54,366
Miscellaneous	64,530 b	5,019 b	19,616 c	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	89,165
TOTAL	89,691	25,991	28,043	6,501	4,968	4,894	6,166	5,943	5,703	5,918	10,054	20,899	214,771

Total	June 50
registered population	960,021	904,122	915,411	916,761	941,851	969,389	996,338	1,019,201	1,053,348	1,087,628	1,120,889	1,151,024	1,174,760

a This table recapitulates changes affecting the total number of registered population (column 8 of table 1) over twelve years Transfers within or between host countries are not shown herein.

In comparing the figures m this table with those in table 3 it should be borne in mind that deletions from the ration rolls do not necessarily entail deletions from the total registered population. Refugees ceasing to draw rations because of absence or self-support continue to be registered within the total population. On the other hand some deaths and false and duplicate registrations are reported among persons registered but not receiving rations, and this accounts for the minor differences under these headings in the two tables. In the earlier years of the Agency's history the distinction between ration recipients and registered population was incompletely recorded.

b Nature of changes reported under "Miscellaneous" was not specified during the census operations. Figures reflect those amendments which resulted ill addition or deletion in the total registered population.

c Removal of refugees in Israel from UNRWA registration records.

Table 5

NUMBER OF UNRWA CAMPS, TOTAL POPULATION SHELTERED AND TYPE OF SHELTER, 1950 – 1962 a

Year	Camps	Population	Tents	Huts
June 1950	—	267,598	30,580	10,930
June 1951	71	276,294	29,989	15,760
June 1952	63	281,128	22,055	30,988
June 1953	64	282,263	18,059	39,745
June 1954	59	305,630	15,180	51,363
June 1955,	57	335,752	14,212	62,794
June 1956	58	358,681	12,989	82,934
June 1957	58	360,598	8,328	82,595
June 1958	58	396,761	4,950	89,598
June 1959	58	414,467	1,984	98,147
June 1960	58	421,518	149	103,616
June 1961	57	442,862	—	108,155
June 1962	57	456,400	—	116,681

Tablc 6

NUMBER OF REFUGEES IN UNRWA CAMPS ACCORDING TO COUNTRY AS AT 30 JUNE 1962 a

Country	Number of families	Number of persons b	Percentage of the total refugee population
Jordan	40,570	206,218	32.3
Gaza	29,862	165,418	61.6
Lebanon	13,888	64,481	44.5
Syrian Arab Republic	4,439	20,283	16.6
TOTAL	88,759	456,400	38.9

a In general, refugees not living in UNRWA camps live in the villages and cities of the host countries and are eligible for the same range of services except that the Agency Drovides for them no sanitation services. Their economic status differs little from that of refugees in camps.

b Refugees enumerated are all those officially registered in camps irrespective of their category of registration.

The figures do not include refugees in camps who are not given shelter by UNRWA but bene fit from sanitation services only.

BASIC RATIONS

Table 7

BASIC RATIONS AND OTHER SUPPLIES DISTRIBUTED BY UNRWA

1. Basic dry rations

A monthly ration for one person consists of:

10,000 grammes of flour

600 grammes of pulses

600 grammes of sugar

500 grammes of rice

375 grammes of oils and fats

This ration provides about 1,500 calories per day per person. In winter the monthly ration is increased by:

300 grammes of pulses

400 grammes of flour

It then provides about 1,600 calories per day per person.

2. Other supplies distributed

1 piece of soap (150 grammes) per month to each ration beneficiary

1 blanket for each ration beneficiary and for each child registered for services, every three years

13/2 1itres of kerosene are allocated to ration beneficiaries and to babies and children registered for services, in camps in Jordan, Lebanon and the Syrian Arab Republic, during five winter months. In Gaza 1 1itre is allocated to these beneficiaries, whether or not they are in camps, during five winter months.

SOCIAL WELFARE

Table 8

CO-OPERATIVES IN REFUGEE CAMPS AND INSTALLATIONS, JULY 1962

Type of co-operative	Camp	Number of families benefiting	UNRWA initial assistance (U.S. dollars)	Outside donation	Loan from Government (U.S. dollars)
Lebanon
Consume	Mar Elias	48	925	—	—
School canteen	Ba'labaq	130	—	—	—
Jordan
Agricultural	Karameh	50	1,400	—	24,000
Savings and credit (agricultural)	Nuweimeh	17	560	—	—
Poultry	Deir Ammar	16	420	1,600 chicks	1,680
			Incubator and brooder	(Heifer project)
Handicraft	Kalandia	48	350	2,044—
Handicraft	Tulkarem	22	462—	—

Mat-making	Akabat Jaber	42	1,568	—	—
BaLery	Jalazone	30	560	—	—
Bakery	Fawwar	81	977 and ½ tons fuel oil	—
Bakery	Balata	124	980 and ½ tons fuel oil	—	—
10 school savings schemes	Irbed, Hebron and Nablus areas	1,157	—	—	—
4 school canteens	Youth activities	117	—	—	—
Syrian Arab Republic
Bakery	Khan Dannoun	72	1,125	—	—
Gaza
Consumer	Nuseirat	360	346	—	—
Consumer	Bureij	115	346	—	—
Soap-making	Maghazi	7	754	—	—
School canteen	Gaza Town	520	—	—	—

Table 9

VOLUNTARY AGENCIES DONATING CLOTHING TO PALESTINE REFUGEES, 1961 – 1962

American Friends Service Committee

American Middle East Relief Association

Canadian Lutheran World Relief

Catholic Relief Services (United States)

Church of Denmark Inter-Church Aid Committee

Church of Scotland

Church World Service (United States)

Lutheran World Relief, Inc.

Mennonite Central Committee (United States)

New Zealand Council of Organizations for Relief Services Overseas, Inc. (CORSO)

Norwegian Church

Oxford Committee for Famine Relief (United Kingdom)

Red Cross Societies (United Kingdom and New Zealand)

Red Cross Society (Canada)

Unitarian Service Committee of Canada

United Church of Canada

Vastkustens Efterkrigshjalp (Sweden)

Women's Voluntary Services (United Kingdom)

Table 10

VOLUNTARY AGENCIES IN THE AREA OF UNRWA OPERATIONS GIVING ACTIVE nELP TO

PALESTINE REFUGEES, 1961 – 1962

CARE (Co-operative for American Relief Everywhere, Inc.)

The Church Missionary Society (in Jordan)

The Lutheran World Federation (in Jordan and the Syrian Arab Republic)

The Mennonite Central Committee (in Jordan)

The Near East Christian Council Committee for Refugee Work (in Gaza, in Lebanon through the Joint Christian Committee, in Jordan directly and through the International Church Committee)

The Pontifical Mission (in Lebanon, Jordan and Gaza)

The Southern Baptist Mission U.S. (hospital in Gaza)

UNRWA Women's Auxiliary

The World Council of Churches

The Young Men's Christian Association (in Jordan, Gaza and Lebanon)

The Young Women's Christian Association (in Jordan)

The World Alliance of YMCA's

Table 11

REFUGEES WllO EYIGRATED WITH UNRWA ASSISTANCE DURING TEE FIVE YEARS

ENDING JUNE 1962

	United States of America	Venezuela	Brazil	Colombia	Canada	Others	Total
1957-1958	80	170	137	1	11	34	433
1958-1959	273	75	84	—	1	44	477
1959-1960	167	9	166	8	18	39	407
1960-1961	75	12	121	77	14	49	348
1961-1962	82	6	27	79	1	25	220
	677	272	535	166	45	181	1,885

HEALTH STATISTICS

Tablc 12

NUMBER OF VISITS TO UNRWA AND SUBSIDIZED CLINICS, 1 JULY 1961 – 30 JUNE 1962

	Lebanon	Syrian Arab Republic	Jordan	Gaza	Total
Population served by medical services	126,863	110,323	592,708	252,130	1,082,024
General medical cases	404,165	435,634	648,192	482,106	1,970,097
Injections	289,009	244,724	506,992	355,942	1,396,667
Dressings and skin	262,638	157,862	732,622	505,634	1,658,756
Eye cases	196,079	89,711	856,632	577,169	1,719,591
Dental	36,321	17,319	30,784	17,268	101,692
TOTAL	1,188,212	945,250	2,775,222	1,938,119	6,846,803

Table 13

HOSPITAL FACILITIES AVAILABLE TO PALESTINE REFUGEES, 1961 – 1962

Hospitals
Government and local authorities	27
Voluntary societies or private	45
UNRWA	5
TOTAL	77

In addition there are 3 maternity cen es in Jordan and 7 in Gaza.

No. of beds availabie	Lebanon	Syrian Arab Republic	Jordan	Gaza	Total
General	160	81	610	294	1,145
Tuberculosis	100	20	110	150	380
Maternity	24	11	61	80	176
Paediatrics	27	18	166	17	228
Mental	53	3	50	0	106
TOTAL	364	133	997	541	2,035
Beds per 1,000 population	2.87	1.21	1.68	2.15	1.88

Table 14

LABORATORY SERVICES

During the year 1 July 1961-30 June 1962, 71,904 tests were carried out. The most significant of these were as follows.

Services	No. examined	No. positive
Blood
Films for malaria and relapsing fever	5,793
Malaria		124
Relapsing fever		3
Widal	1,605	459
Weil Felix	334	1
S.T.S	19,753	373
Stools
Ova and Parasites	39,425
Ascaris		8,720
Taenia		895
Ankylostoma		943
Trichiuris Trichiura		2,802
Amoebae Hist. (Cysts. or Troph)		3,713
Smears and cultures
Coryn. Diphtheria	277	6
Neisser. Gonorrhoea	110	21
Mycobact. Tuberculosis	4,607	803

Table 15

INFECTIOUS DISEASES RECORDED AMONG PALESTINE REFUGEE POPULATION,

1 JULY 1961 – 30 JUNE 1962

	Lebanon	Syrian Arab Republic	Jordan	Gaza	Total
Population	126,863	110,323	592,708	252,130	1,082,024
Plague	0	0	0	0	0
Cholera	0	0	0	0	0
Yellow fever	0	0	0	0	0
Smallpax	0	0	0	0	0
Typhus (louse borne)	0	0	0	0	0
Relapsing fever (louse borne)	0	0	0	0	0
Relapsing fever (endemic)	0	0	3	0	3
Diphtheria	1	6	12	0	19
Measles	2,356	1,344	2,394	3,418	9,512
Whoopingcough	1,118	312	826	457	2,713
Chickenpox	1,178	1,084	3,034	2,249	7,545
Mumps	1,421	725	1,549	77	3,772
Meningitis (cerebro-spinal)	0	6	6	5	17
Poliomyelitis	11	6	27	3	47
Enteric group fevers	16	396	174	31	617
Malaria	0	3	63	72	138
Bilharziasis	0	0	0	61	61
Ancylostomiasis	28	0	6	552	586
Tuberculosis	102	49	187	285	623
Syphilis	34	18	5	152	209
Gonorrhoea	1	0	5	6	12
Scarlet fever	0	0	0	0	0
Rabies	0	0	0	0	0
Tetanus	2	0	5	13	20
Brucellosis	0	0	0	0	0
Infective hepatitis	35	92	162	147	436
Leishmaniasis	0	13	1	0	14
The following statistics show the number of clinic attendances in respect of the diseases indicated:
Dysentery	12,637	7,685	7,160	15,616	43 098
Trachoma	1,453	112	19,895	21,950	43 410
Conjunctivitis	14,268	9,905	64,720	25,575	114,468

Table 16

MATERNAL AND CHILD PEALTH

Ante-natal services	Lebanon	Syrian Arab Republic	Jordan	Gaza	Total
Number of ante-natal clinics	20	24	27	9	80
Number of pregnant women registered	4,562	2,284	11,354	11,856	30,056
Average monthly attendance	1,444	687	3,330	3,257	8,718
Number of STS performed	1,633	1,630	6,291	11,173	20,727
Number of cases positive serology	51	35	7	109	202
Number of home visits (ante-natal care)	1,807	1,083	3,412	118	6,420
Infant health Care
Number of infant health centres	20	24	31	9	84
Number reg. 0-1 year monthly average	3,925	2,174	7,591	9,474	23,164
Number attended 0-1 year monthly average	3,536	1 978	5,961	8,535	20 010
Number reg. 1-2 years monthly average	3,068	2 298	6,144	7,628	19 138
Number attended 1-2 years monthly average.	1,414	730	4,241	2,535	8,920
Number of smallpox vaccinations a	5 714	3 567	1,447	4,530	15,258
Number of TAB immunizations completed a	2 919	1 540	4,012	4,438	12,909
Number of triple vaccine immunizations completed a	3 629	2 629	6,255	3 811	16,324
Number of home visits (infant care)	10 025	7 928	29,830	1,104	48 887
School health service
Number of school teams	1	1	2	1	5
Number of children examined	3,163	14,798	31,809	15,372	65,142
Number of schools inspected	188	122	194	200	704
Number of TAB boosters given a	788	0	8,076	91,710	100,574
Number of diphtheria boosters given a	3,741	0	1,796	5,631	11,168

a In addition to vaccinations carried out in infant health centres and in schools there are periodic vaccination campaigns referred to in the text of the report.

SUPPLEMENTARY FEEDING

Table 17

UNRWA SUPPLEMENTARY FEEDING PROGRAMME

Average number of beneficiaries, 1 July 1961-30 June 1962

	Daily cooked meal beneficiaries				Monthly dry ration beneficiaries
	Averagc for the year				Averagc for the year
Country	No. of feeding centres	0-2 years	2-15 yrs and special cases	Total	Pregnant women	Nursing mothers	TB out patients	Total	Grand total
Lebanon	22	566	4,261	4,827	1,120	3,198	253	4,571	9,398
Syrian Arab Republic	18	373	4,059	4,432	618	1,651	192	2,461	6,893

Jordan	48 26a	1,597 176	16,474 2,010	20 257	2,721	9,975	555	13,251	33 508
Gaza	16	1,205	9,755	10,960	3,128	8,196	433	11,757	22,717
	130	3,917	36,559	40,476	7,587	23,020	1,433	32,040	72,516

a Centres operated by voluntary societies.

Table 18

UNRWA MILK PROGRAMME

Average number of beneficiaries, 1 July 1961-30 June 1962

	Number of milk centres		Daily number of beneficiaries Average for the year
Country	Preparation and distribution	Distribution only	Milk distribution centres	Schools	Orphanages, medical prescriptions etc.	Total
Lebanon	23	11	34,629	5,966	371	40,966
Syrian Arab Republic	22	0	34,032	5,947	112	40,091
Jordan	84 34a	6	66,325 2,824	21,054	643	90,846
Gaza	16	0	40,196	29,613	0	69,809
	179	17	178,006	62,580b	1,126	241,712

a Centres operated by voluntary societies.

b Average for the scholastic year.

GENERAL EDUCATION AND UNIVERSITY SCHOLARSHIPS

Table 19

UNRWA/UNESCO SCHOOLS

Number of elementary, preparatory and secondary pupils, 1951-1962

Country	1951	/952	1953	1954	1955	1956	1957	1958	1959	1960	1961	1902
Gaza
Elementary	19,543	22,551	25,702	31,107	34,016	35,087	34,876	35,163	34,806	36,633	36,591	37,885
Preparatory	61	164	675	1,781	3,339	4,937	6,410	7,495	8,244	8,481	9,841	10,641
Secondary	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
TOTAL	19,604	22,715	26,377	32,888	37,355	40,024	41,286	42,658	43,050	45,114	46,432	48,526
Jordan
Elementary	16,345	15,882	30,118	39,188	42,144	43,649	42,431	41,600	39,519	38,223	38,309	41,000
Preparatory	—	—	87	790	1,612	2,862	4,274	5,357	6,714	6,898	7,437	8,384
Secondary	—	—	—	22	82	200	334	495	578	612	598	875
TOTAL	15,882	30,207	40,000	43,838	46,711	47,039	47,452	46,811	45,733	46,344	50,259	16,345
Lebanon
Elementary	4,564	6,291	9,332	11,695	12,567	12,983	13,155	13,936	14,881	15,422	16,292	17,124
Preparatory	—	—	86	384	620	948	1,003	996	1,325	1,668	2,159	2,676
Secondary	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
TOTAL	4,564	6,291	9,418	12,079	13,187	13,931	14,158	14,932	16,206	17,090	18,451	19,800
Syrian Arab Republic
Elementary	2,599	2,895	5,410	8,758	9,700	10,288	11,042	11,332	12,256	13,354	13,685	14,430
Preparatory	—	—	166	864	671	936	1,180	1,562	1,916	2,592	3,589	4,122
Secondary	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
TOTAL	2,599	2,895	5,576	9,622	10,371	11,224	12,222	12,894	14,172	15,946	17,274	18,552
GRAND TOTAL
Elementary	43,051	47,619	70,562	90,748	98,427	102,007	101,504	102,031	101,462	103,632	104,877	110,439
Preparatory	61	164	1,014	3,819	6,242	9,683	12,867	15,410	18,199	19,639	23,026	25,823
Secondary	—	—	—	22	82	200	334	495	578	612	598	875
TOTAL	43,112	47,783	71,576	94,589	104,751	111,890	114,705	117,936	120,239	123,883	128,501	137,137

Table 20

NUMBER OF REFUGEE PUPILS ATTENDING GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS AS AT

31 MAY 1962 SHOWING NUMBER FOR WHOM UNRWA PAYS SUBSIDY

	Elementary				Preparatory				Secondary
Counlry	Government schools		Private schools		Government schools		Private schools		Government schools		Private schools		Total
Gaza	–	(- )	–	(- )	–	(- )	–	(- )	6,234	(3,400)	–	(- )	6,234	(3,400)
Jordan	16,258	(16,258)	7,423	(7,423)	5,266	(3,600)b	1,170	(199)	4,047	(2,400)b	858	(199)	35,022	(30,079)
Lebanon	574	(416)	5,520	(3,846)	122	(60)	2,141	(1,427)	8	(7)	1,190	(1,048)	9,555	(6,804)
Syrian Arab Republic	4,596	(4,596)	359	(359)	827	(827)	863	(863)	900	(900)	807	(807)	8,352	(8,352)
TOTAL	21,428	(21,270)	13,302	(11,628)	6,215	(4,487)	4,174	(2,489)	11,189	(6,707)	2,855	(2,054)	59,163	(48,635)

Table 21

UNRWA/UNESCO SCHOOLS SHOWING NUMBER OF PUPILS BY CRADES AS AT 31 MAY 1962

ELEMENTARY

	I Elementary		II Elementary		III Elementary		IV Elementary		V Elementary		VI Elementary		Total Elementary
Country	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls
Gaza	3,428	3,131	3,247	3,234	3,365	3,304	3,122	2,839	2,948	2,568	4,036	2,663	20,146	17,739
Jordan	5,006	4,769	4,186	3,845	4,247	3,233	3,829	2,513	3,414	1,998	2,780	1,180	23 462	17,538
Lebanon	1,804	1,509	1,861	1,469	1,751	1,399	1,647	1,226	1,567	995	1,259	637	9 889	7,235
Syrian Arab Republic	1,596	1,379	1,603	1,240	1,537	1,108	1,404	958	1,200	717	1,104	584	8,444	5,986
TOTAL	11,834	10,788	10,897	9,788	10,900	.9,044	10,002	7,536	9,129	6,278	9,179	5,064	61,941	48,498
GRAND TOTAL	22,622		20,685		19,944		17,538		15,407		14,243		110,439

PREPARATORY AND SECONDARY

	I Preparatory		II Preparatory		III Preparatory		IV Preparatory		Total Preparatory		I Secondary		II Secondary		III Secondary		Total Secondary
Country	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls
Gaza	1573	1,625	2,719	1,739	2,040	945	–	–	6,332	4,309	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Jordan	2 580	990	2,168	699	1,423	524	–	–	6,171	2,213	451	–	202	–	222	–	875	–
Lebanon	856	379	746	268	279	40	101	7	1,982	694	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Syrian Arab Republic	1,085	458	999	378	919	283	–	–	3,003	1,119	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
TOTAL	6,094	3,452	6,632	3,084	4,661	1,792	101	7	17,488	8,335	451	–	202	–	222	–	875	–
GRAND TOTAL	9,546		9,716		6,453		108		25,823		451		202		222		875

Table 22

DISTRIBUTION OF REFUGEE PUPILS RECEIVING EDUCATION AS AT 31 MAY 1962

	Number of UNRWA/ UNESCO schools	Number of pupils in elementary classes of UNRWA/ UNESCO schools			Number of pupils in praparatory classes of UNRWA/ UNESCO schools			Number of pupils in secondary classes of UNRWA/ UNESCO schools			Number of pupils in government and private schools		Total number of refugee pupils receiving education
Country		Boys	Girls	Total	Boys	Girls	Total	Boys	Girls	Total	Govern-ment schools	Private schools	Total number of refugee pupils receiving education
Gaza	85	20,146	11,739	37,885	6,332	4,309	10,641	–	–	–	6,234	–	54,760
Jordan	173	23,462	17538	41,000	6,171	2,213	8,384	875	–	875	25,571a	9,451a	85,281
Lebanon	62	9,889	7235	17 124	1,982	694	2,676	–	–	–	704	8,851	29,355
Syrian Arab Republic	78	8,444	5,986	14430	3,003	1,119	4,122	–	–	–	6,323	2,029	26,904
TOTAL	398	61,941	48,498	110,439	17,488	8,335	25,823	875	–	815	38,832	20,331	196,300

a Figures are provosional

Table 23

DISTRIBUTION OF UNRWA SCHOLARSHIP-HOLDERS BY FACULTIES, 1961 – 1962

Country	Agri- culture	Arts and sciences	Com- merce	Dentis- try	Engine- ering	Forestry	Medicine	Phar- macy	Sani- tation	Total	Vacan- cies
Gaza	2	26	1	1	40	–	45	10	1	126a	–
Jordan	1	55	1	3	57	1	65	5	1	189b	1
Lebanon	–	37	–	1	25	–	12	–	1	76c	4
Syrian Arab Republic	2	9	2	1	31	2	17	6	–	70d	3
TOTAL	5	127	4	6	153	3	139	21	3	461	8

a Including 9 ARAMCO scholarships and 7 additional scholarships made possible by exemptions awarded by the Government of the united Arab Republic to Outstandingly successful scholars.

b Including 14 ARAMCO scholarships.

c Including 7 ARAMCO scholarships.

d Including 6 ARAMCO scholarships and 12 additional scholarships made available from savings which accrued on account of the delay in starting the academic year.

VOCATIONAL AND TEACHER TRAINING

Table 24

VOCATIONAL AND TEACHER TRAINING FACILITIES AND OUTPUT, 1952 – 1962

Initial date of operation

Annual output 1952-1962

(Provisio- nal)1962

Cumulative output 1952-1962

1952

1953

1954

1955

1956

1957

1958

1959

1960

1961

Vocational Training Centre, Kalandia, Jordan

February 1954

–

136

130

193

157

194

965

Vocational Training Centre, Wadi Seer, Jordan

September 1960

–

183

247

Vocational Training Centre, Gaza

September 1954

–

144

–

122

139

124

635

Vocational Training Centre, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic

November 1961

–

Rural Training Centre, Beit Hanoun, Gaza

September 1961

–

Teacher-training Centre for men, Ramallah Jordan

September 1960

–

Teacher-training Centre for women, Ramallah

January 1959

–

101

Teacher-training courses, Gaza

September 1961

–

Teacher-training courses, Cairo

September 1961

–

Secretarial evening courses, Beirut and Tripoli, Lebanon

January 1952

–

347

TOTAL

–

239

247

270

152

385

315

692

2,410

Table 25

FORECAST OF CAPACITY AND OUTPUT OF VOCATIONAL AND TEACEIER-TRAINING CENTRES PROGRAMME, 1962 – 1963 AND 1963 – 1964

Capacity: Total number of trainee places

Enrolment: Number of trainee places available in current year

Graduates: Assuming 100 per cent enrolment

	1962-1963			1963-1964
Centre	Capacity	Enrolment	Graduates	Capacity	Enrolment	Graduates
Kalandia Vocational Training Centre	392	344	272	392	392	184
Wadi Seer Vocational Training Centre	404	404	200	396	396	264
Ramallah Men's Teacher-Training Centre	400	300	100	400	400	100
Ramallah Girls' Vocational Training Centre /Teacher-Training Centre	633	294	50	633	538	–
Gaza Vocational Training Centre	368	276	128	368	368	80
Beit Hanoun Rural Training Centre	75	50	–	75	75	–
Khan Younis Vocational Training Centre	–	–	–	80	48	–
Damascus Vocational Training Centre	392	376	16	392	392	196
HomsVocationalTrainingCenter/Teacher- Training Centre	192	144	–	384	276	72
Siblin Vocational Training Centre	396	288	–	396	396	88
Siblin Technical and Teacher-Training Institute	–	–	–	264	157	–
Teacher Training U A R	120	60	–	120	90	–
Teacher Training Gaza	480	240	–	480	360	–
YWCA – Lebanon	30	30	30	30	30	30
GRAND TOTAL	3,882	2,806	796	4,410	3,918	1,014

FINANCE

Table 26

SUMMARY STATEMENT OF INCOME EXPENDITURE AND WORKING CAPITAL OF UNRWA

1 MAY 1950 – 31 DECEMBER 1962

(in U.S. dollars)

	Income				Adjustments to working capital e increase (decrease)
For the period	Contributions from the Governments	Other income	Total income	Expenditure	Adjustments to working capital e increase (decrease)	Free working capital at programme end
1 May 1950 to 30 June 1951	39,477,279	1,346,325	40,823,604	33,598,972b	–	7,224,632
1 July 1951 to 30 June 1952	67,686,495	1,018,785	68,705,280	28,573,058	215,792	47,572,646
1 July 1952 to 30 June 1953	26,867,673	440,419	27,308,092	26,778,934	518,220	48,620,024
1 July 1953 to 30 June 1954	22684,330	575,024	23,259,354	29,192,012	(157,264)	42,530,102
1 July 1954 to 30 June 1955	23,673,500	594,161	24,267,661	29,222,705	(114,217)	37,460,841
1 July 1955 to 30 June 1956	23,345,073	571,866	23,916,939	32,198,550	(164,814)	29,014,416
1 July 1956 to 31 December 1957	42,373,871	1,072,872	43,446,743	52,464,139	198,575	20,195,595
1 January 1958 to 31 December 1958	32,626,867	1,104,793	33,731,660	32,777,564	36,519	21,186,210
1 January 1959 to 31 December 1959	32,719,880	1,405,205d	34,125,085d	35,015,817	110,688	20,406,166
1 January 1960 to 31 December 1960	33,731,109d	2,629,135d	33,360,244d	34,674,460	150084	22,242,034
1 January 1961 to 31 December 1961	34,385,495d	2,306,293d	36,691,788d	39,051,521	194,943	20,077,244
1 January 1962 to 31 December 1962	33,905,188d e	2,300,000e	36,205,188e	37,435,000e	–	18,847,432.
	413,476,760	15,364,878	428,841,638	410,982,732	988,526

a,There has been a change this year in the basis of the figures in this table. Previously they were based on the Agency's audited statements but this year are modified as follows in order to relate to each year income intended for that year (regardless of when received) and expenditure against that year's budget (regardless of when actually incurred):

(i) The figures of income for each year consist of government pledges for that year (regardless of when actually paid) and other income when actually received.

(ii) The figures of expenditure for each year include all commitments against that year's budget (even if actual expenditures were made in a subsequent year) and exclude any expenditure against a prior year's budget.

b Includes $2,646,909 deficit of United Nations Relief for Palestine Refugees paid by UNRWA.

c Adjustments to working capital are those reflected in the audited statements and consist principally of expenditure adjustments made in subsequent years, usually the year following the year to which the adjustment applies.

d Includes special contributions for World Refugee Year or Vocational /Teacher-Training scholarships and related purposes.

e Estimated figures.

Table 27

DETAILED STATEMENT OF INCOME TO UNRWA, 1 MAY 1950 – 31 DECEMBER 1962

(In U.S. dollars)

	For the period
	1/5/50 to	12 months ended					18 month ended	12 months ended
Contributor	30/6/51	30/6/52	30/6/53	30/6/54	30/6/55	30/6/56	31/12/57	31/12/58	31/12/59	31/12/60	31/12/61	31/12/62e	Total income
I CONTRIBUTIONS FROM GOVERNMENTS
Australia	—	600,000	440,803	112,500	112,500	112,500	212,000	195,200	190,400	196,000	201,600	201,600	2,575,103
Austria	—	—	1,400	700	700	700	1,050	1,400	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	13,950
Bahrein	—	20,927	—	—	980	—	1,960	—	—	—	—	—	23,867
Belgium	6,000	30,000	30,000	—	30,000	30,000	50,000	20,000	30,000	20,000	30,000	30,000	306,000
Bolivia	—	5,000	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	5,000
Brazil	—	—	25,000	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	25,000
Burma	—	—	—	2,000	—	3,528	2,972	—	—	1,046	—	—	9,546
Cambodia	—	—	2,000	2,000	—	—	—	—	857	571	571	571	6,570
Canada	1,400,313	—	600,000	515,000	515,000	500,000	771,875	2,075,000	2,075,000	3,060,000	2,069,500	925,000	14,506,688
Ceylon	—	—	—	—	—	—	1,400	—	—	—	1,000	1,000	3,400
Cyprus	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	560	563	1,123
Cuba	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	5,000	—	—	—	5,000
Denmark	14,500	43,500	43,478	43,478	43,478	43,478	43,478	72,400	43,440	43,440	43,440	50,680	528,790
Dominican Republic	5,000	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	5,000
El Salvador	—	—	500	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	500
Ethiopia	25,500	—	—	—	—	—	10,000	—	—	—	—	—	35,500
Finland	—	—	1,000	—	—	—	2,000	—	—	—	—	10,000	13,000
France	2,857,143	2,571,428	2,075,506	1,233,411	871,504	599,133	308,049	252,305	264,002	1S2,757	182,209	192,195	11,589,642
Gambia	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	30	—	—	—	30
Gaza Authorities	—	—	—	—	—	—	19,157	22,986	129,592	130,045	124,721	93,280	519,781
Germany, Federal Republic of	—	—	23,810	—	—	16,603	24,997	190,476	238,095	238,095	250,000	625,000	1,607,076
Ghana	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	3,000	3,000	3,000	3,000	12,000
Greece	—	56,287	21,000	2,730	6,000	11,000	16,500	39,000	15,000	17,500	15,000	15,000	215,017
Haiti	—	2,000	2,000	2,000	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	6,000
Honduras	—	2,500	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	2,500
Holy See	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	1,000	—	10,965	1,000	12,965
India	—	—	104,000	—	52,500	31,499	—	15,756	10,504	13,235	21,008	21,008	269,510
Indonesia	—	30,000	60,000	60,000	30,000	30,000	30,000	—	—	—	—	—	240,000
Iran	—	—	5,138	—	—	3,350	2,666	5,333	5,666	6,000	6,000	6,000	40,153
Ireland	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	2,814	7,000	14,062	20,000	43,876
Israel	114,354	5,207	1,029	—	—	—	171,573	—	—	—	—	—	292,163
Italy	—	—	—	—	20,000	—	—	39,953	120,518	80,000	80,000	S0,000	420,471
Japan	—	—	—	10,000	10,000	10,000	20,000	10,000	10,000	12,500	10,000	tO,OOO	102,500
Jordan	229,804	184,996	154,000	—	—	—	174,403	100,935	99,045	98,550	98,280	98,280	1,238,293
Korea	—	—	2,000	2,000	—	—	—	—	—	—	1,500	1,000	6,500
Kuwait	—	31,500	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	131,250	220,000	382,750
Laos	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	1,000	500	—	—	2,707
Lebanon	335,533	—	14,385	13,689	13,689	12,164	11,652	7,788	23,844	23,844	40,125	41,126	537,839
Liberia	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	5,000	6,500	5,000	5,000	5,000	26,500
Libya	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	14,000	10,000	—	—	—	24,000
Luxembourg	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	2,000	24,000
Malaya	—	—	—	—	—	—	1,500	—	3,000	1,500	1,500	1,500	9,000
Mexico	—	115,691	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	115,691
Monaco	—	—	285	286	286	286	286	2,381	203	204	1,224	204	5,645
Morocco	—	—	—	—	—	—	5,714	4,762	4,796	4,000	40,750	19,763	79,785
Netherlands	—	25,000	25,000	25,000	25,000	32,895	64,474	32,895	65,790	65,790	69,061	110,497	541,402
New Zealand	—	210,000	140,000	140,000	140,000	140,000	238,000	140,000	140,000	168,000	140,000	139,800	1,735,800
Norway	60,000	14,000	42,097	42,000	42,135	42,135	63,202	49,000	42,000	42,000	42,000	49,000	529,569
Pakistan	90,000	90,000	90,453	30,151	30,151	21,000	41,964	20,964	20,964	22,014	20,953	20,964	499,578
Philippines	—	10,000	—	—	—	—	1,250	—	—	—	—	—	11,250
Qatar	—	20,895	—	—	10,500	—	10,500	—	—	—	—	—	41,895
Rhodesia and Nyasaland	—	19,600	—	—	19,600	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	39,200
Saudi Arabia	37,650	115,000	40,000	40,000	40,000	94,706	172,421	171,038	200,000	100,000	100,000	100,000	1,210,815
Spain	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	16,667	—	—	—	—	16,667
Sudan	—	144,000	—	—	—	—	—	4,200	—	—	2,870	2,870	153,940
Sweden	—	19,310	58,000	57,915	57,915	57,915	86,872	96,873	57,915	57,915	57,915	57,915	666,460
Switzerland	—	—	—	58,409	—	—	—	70,093	35,045	35,046	34,884	216,116	449,595
Syrian Arab Republic	171,263	125,673	63,948	29,203	82,419	74,900	110,415	76,498	81,909	83,474	74,439	78,000	1,052,141
Thailand	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	3,125	—	—	—	3,125
Tunisia	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	2,000	2,000	—	2,000	2,000	8,000
Turkey	—	—	—	—	—	10,357	5,357	5,045	5,000	5,000	5,000	8,000	43,759
United Arab Republic	418,219	718,280	546,633	219,858	277,143	224,924	182,182	228,850	326,324	339,083	418,397	292,756	4,252,649
United Kingdom Of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	6,200,000	12,400,001	6,200,001	5,000,000	4,500,000	4,500,000	8,100,002	5,600,000	5,400,000	5,624,000	5,400,000	5,400,000	74,324,004
United States Of America.	27,450,000	50,000,000	16,000,000	15,000,000	16,700,000	16,700,000	31,372,000	22,996,069	23,000,000	23,000,000	24,350,000	24,700,000	291,268,069
Uruguay	—	—	5,000	—	—	—	_	_	_	_	_	_	5,000
Viet-Nam	—	5,000	6,000	—	—	—	—	_	2,500	—	2,500	2,500	18,500
Yugoslavia	—	68,700	40,000	40,000	40,000	40,000	40,000	40,000	40,000	40,000	40,000	40,000	468,700
Sundry Governments through World Refugee Year Stamp Plan	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	238,211	8,000	246,211
TOTAL GOVERN5SENT CONTRIBUTIONS	39,477,279	67,686,495	26,867,673	22,684,330	23,673,500	23,345,073	42,373,871	32,626,867	32,719,880	33,731,109b	34,385,495b	33,905,188b	413,476,760
IL CONTRIBUTIONS FROM OTHERS
UNESCO	83,396	25,425	105,000	35,000	55,535	102,140	160,372	82,268	114,916	164,121	186,703	268,000	1,382,876
WHO	42,857	—	42,857	42,857	42,857	58,706	53,150	33,029	33,610	25,251	27,582	54,000	456,759
Sundry donors	781,200	598,647	54,022	83,091	43,906	39,976	88,423	142,075	254,392	1,118,52X	986,243	1,478,000	5,668,503
TOTAL CONTRIBUTION FROM OTHERS	907,453	624,072	201,879	160,948	142,298	200,822	301,945	257,372	402,918	1,307,903	1,200,528	1,800,000	7,508,138
III. MISCELLANEOUS INCOME AND EXCHANGE ADJUSTMENTS
	438,872	394,713	238,540	414,076	451,863	371,044	770,927	847,421	1,002,287	1,321,232	1,105,765	500,000	7,856,740
TOTAL INCOME	40,823,604	68,705,280	27,308,092	23,259,354	24,267,661	23,916,939	43,446,743	33,731,660	34,125,085	36,360,244	36,691,788	36,205,188	428,841,638

a There has been a change this year in the basis of the figures in this table as described in note a to table 26.

b Includes special contributions for World Refugee Year or vocational/teacher-training scholarships and belated purposes as wcii as regular contributions.

c Estimated figures.

Table 28

STATEMENT OF EXTRA-BUDGETARY FUNDS RECEIVED OR PLEDGED FOR EXPANSION OF EDUCATION, TRAINING AND INDIVIDUAL ASSISTANCE FROM WORLD REFUGEE YEAR AND RELATED SOURCES FOR THE PERIOD 1 JULY 1959 TO 31 DECEMBER 1961 a

(In U.S. dollars)

Contributor	World Refugee Year	Related sources	Total
Governments
Burma	1,046	—	1,046
Cambodia	286	—	286
Canada	1,020,000	—	1,020,000
Cuba	5000	—	5000
Federation of Malaya	1,500	—	1,500
Gambia	30	—	30
Greece	2,500	—	2,500
Holy See	11,965	—	11,965
Japan	2,500	—	2,500
Kuwait	—	131,250	131250
Liberia	1,500	—	1,500
Morocco	—	36,750	36,750
New Zealand	28,000	—	28000
Pakistan	1,050	—	1,050
Thailand	3,125	—	3,125
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland b	224,000	—	224,000
United States of America d	—	500,000	500,000
Viet-Nam	2,500	—	2,500
Sundry Governments through World Refugee Year Stamp Plan	246,211	—	246,211
TOTAL FROM GOVERNMENTS	1,551,213	668,000	2,219,213
Others
Arabian American Oil Company	20,000	30,000	50,000
Australian World Refugee Year Committee	82,875	—	82,875
Canadian Committee for World Refugee Year	156,198	—	156,198
Children of Canada	71400	—	71,400
CORSO, New Zealand	91,093	—	91,093
Danish World Refugee Year Committee	144,839	—	144,839
Farnsworth, Ann Labouisse, U.S.A	—	14,400	14,400
Furse, William, U.K	500	—	500
German National World Refugee Year Committee	237,500	—	231500
Iranian World Refugee Year Committee	9,000	—	9,000
Jamaican National Refugee Council	3,050	—	3,050
Irish Red Cross	42,005	—	42,005
Netherlands Committee for World Refugee Year	30,676	—	30,676
Norwegian World Refugee Year Committee	79,632	—	79,632
Philippine National Committee for World Refugee Year	6,368	—	6,368
Order of St. John of Jerusalem, U.K	2,380	—	2,380
Oxford University Committee for World Refugee Year	840	—	840
Swedish Broadcasting Relief Committee	25,697	—	25,697
Swedish Red Cross	20,000	—	20,COO
Uganda World Refugee Year Appeal	7,096	—	7,096
United Kingdom Committee for World Refugee Year	1,015,000	—	1,015,000
United Nations Secretariat staffs	10.241	—	10,241
Viet-Nam Committee for World Refugee Year	28,282	—	28,282
World Refugee Year television and film show	9,231	—	9,251
Sundry donors through World Refugee Year Stamp Plan	28,389	—	28,389
Sundry donors and interest earned	86,872	—	86,872
TOTAL FROM OTHERS	2,209,184	44,400	2,253,584
GRAND TOTAL	3,760,397c	712,400	4,472,797c

a The contributions shown in this table are included in tables 26 and 27 and are not additional

b The contributions of the United Kingdom were received through the United Kingdom Committee for World Refugee Year.

c Includes $48,641 of pledges still unpaid at 31 July 1962.

d Apart from this special contribution of 5500,000, the United States Government has in-creased Its regular contribution for its fiscal year ended 30 June 1962 by $1,700 000, the increase being earmarked by it for the Agency's vocational training programme. A similar increase is intended for the fiscal year ending 30 June 1963.

Table 29

STATEMENT OF EXTRA-BUDGETARY FENDS RECEIVED OR PLEDGED FOR THE VOCATIONAL TRAINING SCHOLARSHIP FUND AND RELATED PURPOSES AS AT 30 JUNE 1962 a

(In U.S. dollars)

		Received in 1961 and prior years	For 1962			For 1963
Contributor	Description	Received in 1961 and prior years	Receipts	Pledges	Total	Receipts	Pledges	Total
Governments
Finland	U.S. dollars	—	10,000	—	10,000	—	10,000	10,000
Kuwait	U.S. dollars	—	—	100,000	100,000	—	—	—
Norway	Norwegian crowns, 50,000	—	—	7,000	7,000	—	—	—
Saudi Arabia	U.S. dollars	100,000	—	—	—	—	—	—
Swedenb	Cash	—	—	—	—	—	700,000	700,000
Switzerland	Swiss francs, 173,000	—	40,232	—	40,232
Switzerland	Swiss francs, 173,000	—	—	—	—	8,047	32,185	40,232
Switzerland	300 tons of whole milk Powder	—	49,224	83,816	133,040	—	—	—
Switzerland	14 tons of cheese	—	—	7,960	7,960	—	—	—
Others
American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations, U.S.A.	U.S. dollars	5,000	—	5,000	—	—	—	—
American Machine and Foundry (AMF) U.S.A.	Athletic supplies	—	—	5,000	5,000	—	—	—
American Middle East Relief (AMER) U.S.A.	Aspirin	—	—	2,897	2,897	—	—	—
American Middle East Relief (AMER) U.S.A.	Medical supplies	4,818	—	—	— —	—	—	—
American Middle East Relief (AMER) U.S.A.	Vaseline	—	3,056	—	3,056	—	—	—
American Middle East Relief (AMER), U.S.	Medical supplies	—	—	1,662	1,662	—	—	—
American Middle East Relief (AMER), U.S.A.	Medical supplies	—	—	3,170	3,170	—	—	—
Arabian American Oil Co., Saudi Arabia, U.S. dollars	—	10,000	—	10,000		—	—	—
Viscount Astor, U.K.	Pounds sterling, 800	—	2,240	—	2,240	—	—	—
The Australian National Committee for W.R.Y	Australian pounds, 5,400	—	—	12,096	12,096	—	—	—
British Council of Churches	Pounds sterling, 15,000	—	28,000	14,000	42,000	—	—	—
Canadian Junior Red Cross	Canadian dollars, 50,000	—	23,125	23,125	46,250	—	—	—
CARITAS, Austria	Austrian schillings, 100,000	—	3,905	—	3,905	—	—	—
Catholic Women's League, U.K	Pounds sterling, 5,000	—	—	14,000	14,000	—	—	—
Christian Women's Fellowship of First Christian Church, U.S.A	U.S. dollars	1,000	—	—	—	—	—	—
Christian Women's Fellowship of the National Christian Church, U.S.A	U.S. dollars	1,500	1,000	—	1,000	—	—	—
Leslie H. Colls, U.K	Pounds sterling. 200	—	560	—	560	—	—	—
Co-operative for American Remittances to Everywhere (C.A.R.E.)	Tool kits	—	—	11,224	11,224	—	—	—
Michael E. Dawe, U.K	Pounds sterling, 175	—	490	—	490	—	—	—
Dhahran Women's Group, Saudi Arabia	U.S. dollars	—	—	500	500	—	—	—
Finnish Association of Girl Guides	Finnish marks, 1,000,000	—	—	3,125	3,125	—	—	—
Freedom from Hunger Campaign, U.K	Pounds Sterling, 31,680	—	—	88,704	88,704	—	—	—
Futures for Children, U.S.A	U.S. dollars	68	236	—	236
Mr. and Mrs. F. M. Gilliat, U.S.A	U.S. dollars	—	500	—	500	—	500	500
W. E. Golcher, U.K	Pounds sterling, 180	—	504	—	504	—	—	—
Miss M. Elizabeth Gow, U.K	Pounds sterling, 360	—	1,008	—	1,008	—	—	—
Mr. and Mrs. D. C. Henderson, Canada	Canadian dollars, 2,500	—	2,376	—	2,376	—	—	—
Alan Henderson, Canada	Canadian dollars, 1.000	—	951	—	951	—	—	—
International Confederation of Free Trade Unions, Belgium	U.S. dollars	—	1,000	—	1,000	—	—	—
Irish Red Cross	U.S. dollars	626	—	—	—	—	—	—
Lady Knight, U.K	Pounds sterling, 5.5.-	—	15	—	15	—	—	—
Dr. Joseph E. Johnson, U.S.A	U.S. dollars	—	400	—	400	—	—	—
W. S. May, U.K	Pounds sterling, 180	—	504	—	504	—	—	—
MISEREOR, Federal Republic of Germany	German marks, 200,000	—	—	50,000	50,000	—	—	—
Mount Holyoke College, U.S.A	U.S. dollars	150	—	350	350	—	—	—
NAJDA, American Women for the Middle East	U.S. dollars	—	500	500	1,000	—	—	—
New Zealand Council of Organizations for Relief Overseas (CORSO)	Pounds sterling, 2,265	6,342	—	—	—	—	—	—
Ottinger Foundation, Inc., U.S.A	U.S. dollars	—	1,000	—	1,000	—	—	—
Oxford Committee for Famine Relief, U.K	Pounds sterling, 12,000	—	33,600	—	33,600	—	—	—
Oxford University Refugee Committee, U.K	Pounds sterling, 50	—	140	—	140	—	—	—
David Rockefeller, U.S.A	U.S. dollars	—	10,075	—	10,075	—	—	—
Miss M. Rogers, U.K	Pounds sterling, 180	—	504	—	504	—	—	—
Swedish Red Cross	Sulfamides and vitamins	—	—	1,323	1,323	—	—	—
Swedish Save the Children Fund	Swedish crowns, 41,500	—	8,012	—	8,012	—	—	—
Miss Catherine Symonds, U.K	Pounds sterling, 180	—	504	—	504
Theosophical Order of Service, U.K	Pounds sterling, 360	—	504	—	504	—	504	504
Trustees of Princeton University, U.S.A.U.S. dollars		—	196	—	196	—	—	—
United Nations Association of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	Pounds sterling, 5,535	14,000	1,498	—	1,498	—	—	—
United Nations Staff Fund for Refugees, Switzerland	Swiss francs, 4,320 and U.S. dollars 1,000	—	1,005	1,000	2,005	—	—	—
United Steel Workers of America	U.S. dollars	—	1,000	—	1,000	—	—	—
U.S. Omen, U.S.A.	Medical supplies	—	—	1	1	—	—	—
Victorian Division of the United Nations Association of Australia	Australian pounds, 450	—	—	1,008	1,008	—	—	—
War on Want, U.K	Pounds sterling, 500	—	1,400	—	1,400	—	—	—
Zonta Clubs, North European Area	U.S. dollars	—	—	500	500	—	500	500
		128,504	244,264	432,961	677,225	8,047	743,689	751,736

a The contributions shown in this table are included in tables 26 and 27 and are not additional thereto.

b Negotiations are in progress with the Swedish Government which will result in a contribution to the Vocational Training programme of at least $700,000.

c Nominal value only.

d In addition to these special contributions, the United States Government has increased its regular contribution for its fiscal year ended 30 June 1962, by 51,700,000, the increase being earmarked by it for the Agency's vocational training programme. A similar increase is intended for the fiscal year ending 30 June 1963.

Table 30

DIRECT CONTRIBUTIONS FROM GOVERNMENTS TO REFUGEES a FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 1962

(In U.S. dollars)

Contributor	Education services	Social welfare services	Medical services	Housing	Security services	Miscellaneous services	Administrative costs	Total
Jordan	1,016,387	228,093	489,154	—	94,500	42,000	—	1,870,134
Lebanon	33,333	—	25,000	—	—	—	150,000	208,333
Syrian Arab Republic	430,556	254,167	198,906	951,389	277,778	93,512	283,333	2,489,641
United Arab Republic	627,176	248,801	44,037	—	104,512	20,871	—	1,045,397
France	19,304	—	—	—	—	—	—	19,304
	2,126,756	731,061	757,097	951,389	476,790	156,383	433,333	5,632,809

a In addition to the foregoing contributions direct to the refugees all Governments listed also made contributions to UNRWA for the latter's budget. These contributions are reported in the Agency's own accounts and are set out in tables 26 and 27. It is also to be noted that UNRWA (and, in some cases, voluntary agencies working with the refugees) enjoy exemption from customs duties and taxes. In addition, the cost of the normal services provided by the host Governments is increased by reason of utilization of these services by refugees.

All data shown are based upon information provided by the Governments concerned, and are expressed in dollars computed by applying the Agency's accounting rates of exchange, which are based on official or free market rates as appropriate.

UNRWA PERSONNEL

Table 31

STAFF EMPLOYED BY UNRWA AT 31 DECEMBER 1960 AND AT 31 DECEMBER 1961

	Locally recruited staff			International staff
Year	Monthly paid	Daily paid	Total	UNRWA	Seconded and loaned from other United Nations organs	Total	Grand total
31 December 1960	6,958	3,745	10,703	126	20	146	10,849
31 December 1961	7,388	3,907	11,295	136	28	164	11,459

Notes: (1) Virtually all locally recruited staff are refugees. (2). The over-all increase of about 5.5 per cent between 1960 and 1961 is almost entirely due to the expansion of the Agency's vocational training programme, including the construction of vocational training centres.

Part II

BUDGET FOR THE CALENDAR YEAR 1963

A. Introduction

117. The Agency's 1963 budget covers the final year of the three-year plan set forth by the Commissioner-General in his report for 1959-1960.5 Since the General Assembly has not yet resolved the question of an extension of the Agency's mandate, the estimates have been divided into tuo to show the estimated cost of the Agency's planned operations for the first half of the year (i.e. to 30 June 1963) and again similarly for the second half (from 1 Julv to 31 December 1963). For the year the total estimated expenditure is $39,633,000, of which $26,300,000 are for relief services, $12,533,000 for the expanded programme in education and technical training and $0.8 million for operational reserve. In the event that the Agency's mandate is not extended beyond 30 June 1963, only the first half-year estimates would apply

118. In preparing its 1963 budget, the Agency has had to recognize that little or no progress has been made in solving the political aspects of the Palestine refugee problem, and that the total relief needs of the refugees will probably be about the same as in 1962, while the requirements for education and technical training will be considerably greater. The Agency proposes to hold relief expenditures at the same level as in 1961, while "providing for increased enrolment in elementary and secondary schools and the completion of its three-year plan of expansion in technical education.

119. The revised estimates of expenditure for 1962 are also given in this presentation of the Agency's 1963 budget to provide a realistic basis of comparison. The original 1962 budget called for $39.2 million, including $27.4 million for relief services, $11 million for education, technical training and individual assistance and $0.8 million for operational reserve. Unexpectedly favourable basic commodity prices, however, now promise to save the Agency more than $1 million under relief services, and certain other minor items have been reduced or deferred within the relief programme to permit further savings. Total estimated expenditure in education, technical training and individual assistance for 1962 is about the same as in the original budget.

120. The Agency does not intend to reduce the per capita relief for eligible and needy refugees, although it does propose to hold total relief expenditure in 1963 to the 1962 level ($26.3 million), provided basic commodity prices remain substantially at 1962 levels. 121. In the programme of general (elementary and secondary) education, there will be continued expansion in 1963, as increasing numbers of children remain in school throughout the elementary and preparatory cycles. Because of lack of funds few improvements are provided for, although many ought to be made, particularly in classroom occupancy, expansion of the manual skills programme, the development of home economics training and the provision of facilities for science laboratory training.

122. The 1963 budget provides for only limited expansion of technical training facilities (one new unit to cover operating costs necessitated by the increased utilization of the training capacity of established centres as second-year classes are added. The programme of university scholarships will also remain at about the 1962 level

123. Since progress in utilizing funds for individual assistance or special projects has been slow during the past year, there is no provision for increasing the amount available for this purpose.

124. Paragraphs 125 to 159 below present by general categories the 1963 estimates of expenditure, as well as the revised estimates for 1962. The problem of financing the 1963 budget is discussed in paragraphs 160 to 164. Taking into account expected income from other sources, the Commissioner-General urges contributing Governments, in the event that the Agency's mandate is extended beyond 30 June 1963, to increase their contributions from the estimated 1962 level of $33.6 million to $36.7 million for 1963. The Agency emphasizes that this level of contributions is essential if the programme Of general and technical education, so necessary to the future of the refugees, is to be maintained.

__________________

5/ A/4478, pares. 18-44.

B. Estimates of expenditure

GENERAL

125. The Agency's estimates for expenditure in 1963, divided between the two half years as explained above are summarized in the following table:

BUDGET ESTIMATES FOR 1963

(Expressed in thousa1rds of U.S. dollars)

	1963 budget			1962 estimated expenditure
Activity	1st half-year	2nd half-year	Total	1962 estimated expenditure
Part I. Relief services
Basic subsistence	5,761	5,762	11,523	114,20
Supplementary feeding	726	727	1,453	1,461
Health care	1,561	1,561	3,122	3,099
Environmental sanitation	476	477	953	961
Shelter (including roads and camp improvements)	348	348	696	734
Social welfare	357	.358	715	708
Placement and registration	165	166	3351	295
Transport within the UNRWA area	1,480	1,480	2,960	2,971
Supply control and warehousing	349	350	699	752
Internal services	1,255	1,255	2,510	2,522
General administration and liaison	591	592	1,183	1,175
TOTAL OF PART I	13,146	13,154	26,300	26,300
Part II. Education, technical training and individual assistance
Elementary and secondary education	4,565	4,565	9,130	7,989
Vocational and university education	1,701	1,702	3,403	2,968
Projects and special activities	—	—	—	178
TOTAL OF PART II	6,266	6,267	12,533	11,135
SUB TOTAL OF PARTS I AND II	19,412	19,421	38,833	37,435
Part III. Operational Reserve	400	400	800	—
GRAND TOTAL	19,812	19,821	39 633	37,435

BASIC SUBSISTENCE

	1st half-year	2nd half-year	Total
1963 Budget	$5,761,500	$5,761,500	$11,523,000
1962 Estimated expenditure			$11,420,000

126. Basic subsistence continues to require the largest appropriation of Agency funds. The budget covers costs of basic commodities CIF Agency ports of entry, quality control, and distribution at all distribution centres. Transport within the area and warehousing, however, are budgeted separately. The per capita scale of distribution, which remains unchanged from that of 1962, comprises:

	Type of ration	Quantity
(i)	Basic food ration (consisting of dry food commodities—flour, rice, pulses, sugar, cooking oil etc.)	1,500 calories per day in summer and l,600calories per day in winter
(ii)	Soap	150 grammes per month
(iii)	Blankets	One per beneficiary every three years
(iv)	Kerosene	1 litre per month for five winter months in Gaza.
		1.5 litres per month for five winter months in Lebanon, Syrian Arab Republic and Jordan

127. Basic commodity expenditures in 1963 have been estimated as carefully as possible, using prices only slightly higher than the unusually low prices which have prevailed in the first half of 1962. Normal salary increases and related adjustments also tend to increase the pressure on costs. Certain economies in quality control and ration distribution are expected to offset part of these increased costs, leaving a net estimate for basic subsistence that is $103,000 above the revised estimate for 1962.

SUPPLEMENTARY FEEDING

	1st half-year	2nd half-year	Total
1963 Budget	$ 726,500	$ 726,500	$ 1,453,000
1962 Estimated expenditure			$ 1,461,000

128. Provisions in 1963 are limited to providing the following supplements to the basic ration for vulnerable categories:

	Type of ration	Calories per day	Type of beneficiary
(i)	Combined whole/skim milk	256	Babies 6 months to one year, and certain others
(ii)	Skim milk	125	Children aged 1-15 Nursing mothers Pregnant women Special medical cases
(iii)	One hot meal six days per week	600/700	Special cases medically certified to be in need of extra food
(iv)	Special ration of flour, rice, etc	500	Nursing mothers Pregnant women
(v)	Special ration of flour, rice, etc	1,500/1,600	Non-hospitalized tuberculosis cases
(vi)	Vitamin capsules	—	School and other children

These estimates include the costs of the necessary food items, preparing and serving the supplementary hot meals, reconstituting the dried milk powder and distributing the liquid milk. (Transport within the area and warehousing, however, are budgeted separately.)

129. Formerly only whole milk was provided for all babies up to one year of age. Following a study of the nutrition needs of this age group. it was decided during 1962 to alter this ration to a mixture of whole and skim milk and to provide it only for babies aged 6 months to one year and to babies under 6 months who are not breast-fed. The new ration provides slightly less fat and considerably more calcium and protein than the old ration and costs considerably less.

130. Economies resulting from this modification of the milk programme are estimated at approximately $60 000 in 1963. Part of this saving is to be utilized for increasing the number of recipients of the supplementary hot meal from 47,400 to 50,000 and part to improve sub-standard feeding centres. Even allowing for normal staff cost increases and other adjustment, the budget for this item is slightly smaller for 1963 than for 1962.

HEALTH CARE

	1st half-year	2nd half-year	Total
1963 Budget	$1,561,000	$1,561,000	$3,122,000
1962 Estimated expenditure			$3,099,000

131. The total health care programme provides extensive services for almost a million persons through the operation of general clinics, hospitals and laboratories and dental treatment, maternal and child care, tuberculosis control, mental health care, school health service, health education, epidemiological measures, preventive medicine services and other necessary health measures and precautions. Although the health care budget is large, it represents only about 26 U.S. cents per person per month; even when the costs of the supplementary feeding programme and of environmental sanitation have been added, the total budget for health services only reaches 45 cents per person per month The efficacy of the service may be inferred from the freedom from serious epidemics or other health catastrophes which has prevailed during more than twelve years, despite the adverse conditions under which the refugees live.

132. The net increase of 23 000 in the total health in the total health care budget for 1963 includes only normal staff cost increases and essential in-service training to maintain reasonably efficient service. The increase is partially offset by the omission of provision for either construction or replacement of clinics or maternity centres.

ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION

	1st half-year	2nd half-year	Total
1963 Budget	$ 476,500	$ 476,500	$ 953,000
1962 Estimated expenditure	$ 961,000

133. "Environmental sanitation" includes surface water drainage, refuse and sewage disposal, water supply, insect and rodent control, ancillary camp facilities (such as bath-houses, incinerators and slaughter houses) and basic sanitation services in villages of the Gaza Strip, where refugees comprise 70 per cent of the inhabitants. These services will be provided for approximately 478,000 refugees officially accommodated in camps and for a further 40,000 "squatters" on the outskirts of organized UNRWA camps.

134. Provision is being made for sanitation services for an increased camp population (from approximately 465,000 at the end of 1962 to approximately 478,000 at the end of 1963), a sewage system at Homs (Syrian Arab Republic), essential improvements in water supply (in Lebanon, Jordan and Gaza) and normal staff cost increases. On balance, the 1963 budget is $8,000 less than estimated expenditure in 1962, principally because of a reduction in capital construction.

SHELTER

	1st half-year	2nd half-year	Total
1963 Budget	$ 348,000	$ 348,000	$ 696,000
1962 Estimated expenditure			$ 734,000

135. The shelter programme includes construction, repair and maintenance of shelter provided for refugees by the Agency (including grants in cash or in kind for

roofing to refugees who construct their own shelter), the costs of allocating and controlling the use of shelter and otherwise administering the programme, and the expenditures for construction, repair and maintenance of roads and paths, and associated drainage facilities.

136. The budget item for shelter construction in 1963 amounts to $400,000 out of the total of $696,000. This represents a reduction of $50,000 as compared with the similar provision for 1962 and provides only for the more urgent cases of social changes within existing camps, assistance for destitute cases and the limited replacement of the worst of the present sub-standard shelters and "squatters" huts in the precincts of organized camps (especially in Jordan). Some provision also has been made for necessary additional roads in existing and expanded camps, the maintenance of old roads, and normal staff cost increases. On balance the budget for 1963 is $38000 below that of 1962.

SOCIAL WELFARE

	1st half-year	2nd half-year	Total
1963 Budget	$ 357,500	$ 357,.000	$ 715,000
1962 Estimated expenditure			$ 708,000

137. These estimates include the costs of all welfare activities. The largest single item is transport and distribution of used clothing donated for refugees by voluntary organizations. Welfare activities also include case work among individuals, burial grants, aid to religious institutions and community projects in refugee camps and villages. Community projects have received increasing emphasis in recent years, especially crafts training for adults and youth activities designed to combat idle ness and stimulate self reliance. The net increase of $7,000 for 1963 is required to meet the increase in normal staff costs.

PLACEMENT SERVICES

	1st half-year	2nd half-year	Total
1963 Budget	$ 77,500	$ 77,500	$ 155,000
1962 Estimated expenditure			$ 202,000

138. This service assists those qualified refugees who apply for help to find suitable employment. It also provides grants for subsistence and travel to refugees who request it after having obtained for themselves valid travel documents and proof of employment in other localities.

139. The net reduction of $47,000 is due to two factors: a decrease in the number of cases of assisted emigration and the fact that it will not be necessary in 1963 to repeat the provision this year for a special survey of employment prospects for graduates from the Agency's training centres.

ELIGIBILITY AND REGISTRATION

	1st half-year	2nd half-year	Total
1963 Budget	$ 165,500	$ 165,500	$ 331,000
1962 Estimated expenditure			$ 295,000

140. Eligibility and registration activities include investigations to determine eligibility and maintenance of records with respect to changes in family status by reason of births, marriages, or deaths; changes of location; transfers to other categories of entitlement with respect to rations or service benefits; and systematic checks on eligibility rolls as a means of keeping them as accurate as possible.

141. For 1963 provision has been made not only for normal staff cost increases but also for added staff, equipment and operations which are essential for rectifying the ration rolls.

TRANSPORT WITHIN THE UNRWA AREA

	1st half-year	2nd half-year	Total
1963 Budget	$1,480,0.00	$1,480,000	$2,960,000
1962 Estimated expenditure			$2,971,000

142. The Agency's transport system covers both passenger and freight movements by road, rail, sea or air within the UNRWA area (whether by Agency-owned vehicles or hired transport) including related costs of loading, unloading and insurance, as well as port operations and the essential replacement of vehicles.

143. Despite normal staff cost increases, a small decrease in the total is anticipated in 1963, principally because of savings on vehicle maintenance, on transport services between Beirut and Jordan, and on port storage costs on goods destined for Syria as a result of construction of a new UNRWA warehouse in the Syrian Arab Republic in 1962.

SUPPLY CONTROL AND WAREHOUSING

	1st half-year	2nd half-year	Total
1963 Budget	$ 349,500	$ 349,500	$ 699,000
1962 Estimated expenditure			$ 752,000

144. This heading covers receiving, warehousing, issuing of all Agency supplies. and the administrative procedures necessary to the control of inventories.

145. Two factors account for a net reduction of $53,000 in the 1963 estimates, even taking into account normal staff increases, viz., the provision in 1962 of a new UNRWA warehouse that will reduce rentals in the Syrian Arab Republic and a reduction in 1963 in other new warehousing construction.

INTERNAL SERVICES

	1st half-year	2nd half-year	Total
1963 Budget	$1.255,000	$1,255,000	$2,510,000
1962 Estimated expenditure			$2,522,000

146. Internal services include those Agency-wide functions and services essential to proper operation, i.e., administration, personnel, translation, procurement, legal, finance and mechanized records, protection and security, public information, technical and statistical services. Principally, staff costs are involved. (In 1962, these estimates were combined with those for general administration and liaison. For 1963 the latter are shown separately in order to provide more detailed and precise information on Agency operations and administration.)

147. Although the normal staff increases and the necessity of additional office space for education and training personnel have added slightly to the 1963 budget, these have been more than offset by projected reduction of staff in internal services.

GENERAL ADMINISTRATION AND LIAISON

	1st half-year	2nd half-year	Total
1963 Budget	$ 591,500	$ 591,500	$1,183,000
1962 Estimated expenditure			$1,175,000

148. Under this heading provision is made for the general administration of both headquarters and field offices and the direction of operations through field office areas and camps, as well as for liaison offices in New York and Geneva and the office of the Agency's representative in Cairo.

149. Normal staff cost Increases have been largely offset by expected staff reductions, so that the net increase is only $8,000.

ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION

	1st half-year	2nd half-year	Total
1963 Budget	$4,565,000	$4,565,000	$9,130,000
1962 Estimated expenditure			$7,989,000

150. These estimates cover the costs of elementary schooling (6 years) and preparatory schooling (3 years, except in Lebanon where it is 4 years) for virtually all eligible refugee children requesting assistance, and 3 further years of secondary schooling for a limited number of children selected on merit

151. The school population in 1963, which forms the basis for budget estimates in general education, is shown in the following tables, together with comparative data for other years:

	Elementary
Schools	1961-1962	1962-1963	1963-1964
UNRWA	110,439	123,087	133,125
Government	21,428	23,373	23,547
Private	13,302	13,546	14,498
TOTAL	145,169	160,006	171,770
	Preparatory
Schools	1061-1962	1962-1063	1963-1964
UNRWA	25,823	37'468	38,0457
Government	6,215	7,468	9,007
Private	4,174	2 820	2,680
TOTAL	36,212	41,506	49,732
	Secondary
Schools	1961-1962	1962-1963	1963-1964
UNRWA	875	886	886
Government	11,189	11,400	12,500
Private	2,855	2,360	2,360
TOTAL	14,919	14,646	15,746
	Total number of pupils in elementary, preparatory and secondary schools
Schools	1961-1962	1962-1963	1963-1964
UNRWA	137,137	155,191	172,656
Government	38,832	42,241	45,054
Private	20,331	18,726	19,538
TOTAL	196,300	216,158	237,248

a This table shows the total in (1) UNRWA, (2) Government and (3) private schools for all three cycles combined.

152. Of the total estimated increase of $1,141,000 in 1963 over 1962, a sum of $716,000 is required to provide for the growth in school population (larger numbers of classrooms and teachers, provision of books and supplies), normal increases in staff costs and the balance for improvements in education and adjustments in subsidies paid to host Governments and private schools for the services they render.

153. The budget does not provide for a number of basic improvements which were included in the original three-year plan (particularly reduction in rate of classroom occupancy, many of which are extremely overcrowded), because the Agency feels that it must give priority to accommodating the increased population at exlstmg standards.

VOCATIONAL AND UNIVERSITY EDUCATION

	1st half-year	2nd half-year	Total
1963 Budget	$1,701,500	$1,701,500	$3,403,000
1962 Estimated expenditure			$2,968,000

154. The Agency provides vocational training in inustrial, commercial and agricultural subjects as well as teacher training, for an increasing number of young refugee men and women, end university scholarships for a limited number who are qualified for study in medicine, dentistry, and kinds of engineering needed in the Middle East. Vocational training is largely conducted in the Agency's own centres and teacher training in both the UNRWA centres and in government institutions. University scholarships are awarded only in institutions within the Middle East, in the interest of helping as many individuals as possible with the limited funds available.

155. The whole programme of vocational and teacher-training expansion envisaged in the three-year plan has been made possible by special funds from the World Refugee Year and related sources. By the end of 1962, the Agency expects to have in operation or under construction eleven trades and teacher training centres, two more than originally scheduled. Expected utilization of these centres in 1963 is shown in the following table:

		Capacity utilized 1963
	Training in UNRWA centres	1st half	2nd half
(i)	Kalandia Vocational Training Centre	344	392
(ii)	Wadi Seer Vocational Training Centre	404	396
(iii)	Ramallah Men's Teacher-Training Centre	300	400
(iv)	Ramallah Girls' Vocational Training Centre/Teacher-Training Centre	294	538a
(v)	Damascus Vocational Training Centre	376	392
(vi)	Homs Vocational Training Centre	144	276a
(vii)	Gaza Vocational Training Centre	276	368
(viii)	Beit Hanoun Training Centre	108	75
(ix)	Khan Younis Vocational Training Centre	—	80
(x)	Siblin Vocational Training Centre	288	396a
(xi)	Siblin Technical & Teacher-Training Insti tute	—	157a
	TOTAL	2,534	3,470

a These centres will not be at full capacity until 1964/65 school year

156. Concurrently during 1963, teacher training and trades training outside UNRWA centres is proposed for the following numbers:

		Number of trainees in 1963
	Training outside UNRWA centers	1st half	2nd half
(i)	Teacher training—Gaza Training Centre	240	360
(ii)	Teacher training—Cairo Teacher-Training Centre	60	90
(iii)	Commercial /secretarial training	30	30
(iv)	"On-the-Job" and industrial training (United Arab Republic and Sweden). . .	389	277
(v)	Nursing and pharmacist training	33	51
	TOTAL	752	808

Concurrently, also, in university education, it is proposed to bring the total number of scholarships up to the level of 500.

157. While in such a rapidly expanding programme, comparisons with the preceding year are not particularly meaningful, the summary figures covering expenditures for vocational and teacher training will illustrate how the budget has grown and how the distribution of expenditure between capital and operating costs has changed:

Type of cost	1961 expenditure and commitments	1962 estimated expenditure (In thousands of U.S. dollars)	1963 budget
Capital costs	3,613	534	32
Operating costs	1,433	2,434	3,371
TOTAL	5,046	2,968	3 403

PROJECTS AND INDIVIDUAL ASSISTANCE

	1st half-year	2nd half-year	Total
1963 Budget	$ nil	$ nil	$ nil
1962 Estimated expenditure			$ 178,000

158. For the time being no budgetary provision is being made for this purpose in the 1963 budget, pending further examination of projects now under consideration, but a sum of $165,000 has been specifically earmarked for future expenditure on individual assistance in the Agency's working capital carried forward in 1963.

OPERATIONAL RESERVE

	1st half-year	2nd half-year	Total
1963 Budget	$ 400,000	$ 400,000	$ 800,000
1962 Original provision			$ 800,000

159. For operational contingencies inherent in UNRWA activities and for those emergencies which the Agency has suffered in most years of its history, a provision has been made in 1963 of $800,000 (as in former years). This is almost precisely 2 per cent of the total budget and is considered the minimum margin in view of possible changes in prices of items the Agency must buy.

C. Financing the 1963 budget

160. Although the 1963 budget totals $39.6 million the Agency is requesting regular contributions totalling only $36.7 million on the assumption that it will find it possible to make up the balance from miscellaneous regular income, from special income associated with the Vocational Training Scholarships Fund, and from working capital.

161. A summary of the Agency's requirements and expected sources of funds follows:

	1st half-year	2nd half-year	Total
	(Expressed in millions of U.S. dollars)
Total budget (including the operational reserve of $0.8 million)	19.8	19.8	39.6
Deduct:
Miscellaneous regular income	0.45	0.45	0.9
Special income from vocational and teacher-training scholarships and related sources	0.6	0.6	1.2
To be taken from working capital if operational reserves required to be used	0.4	0.4	0.8
TOTAL DEDUCTIONS	1.45	1.45	2.9
Balance requested to be contributed by Governments	18.35	18.35	36.7

162. "Miscellaneous regular income" is composed about equally of miscellaneous contributions from non-governmental sources and income from the Agency's own operations (bank interest, sale of empty containers, etc.). In 1961 such income totalled about $1.6 million. However, some $0.7 million of this had only a paper value because the "gain on exchange" related to use in the Agency's accounts of the official exchange for the Egyptian pound; this was offset by an equal amount in the expenditure accounts. (For the years 1962 and 1963 the special market rate applicable to Egyptian pounds has been used for both expenditure and income accounts, so that both expenditure and income are more accurately presented in terms of actual dollar variations.)

163. The "special income from vocational and teacher-training scholarships and related sources" shown in the budget represents the final part of the approximate $7 million the Commissioner-General has undertaken to raise from sources other than regular government contributions curing the three-year plant Of this $7 million, some $5.5 million had actually been received or pledged by 30 June 1962, and the Commissioner-General has committed himself to raising the balance by mid-1963. However, he feels that this represents very nearly the limit of achievement in this area of fund raising. 164. Regular government contributions are requested in the amount of $36.7 million. This is $3.1 million more than has been pledged for 1962, an increase of about 9 per cent. The Agency feels that its budget for 1963 is essentially a minimum budget—Relief Services have been kept at the same low level of 1962, and increases in general education have been limited to those necessary to provide for population increases plus a few pressing improvements in standards which are essential if the Agency’s educational programme is to keep pace with the trends within the host Governments. The funds provided for vocational and teacher training and for university scholarships, while large compared to previous expenditures by the Agency, are sufficient to provide the opportunity of this kind of training to less than 10 per cent of the young persons who mature each year.

UNRWA – Annual report of the Commissioner-General

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UNRWA – Annual report of the Commissioner-General

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