Proposal – April 6, 2011
The State of Israel,
- Reaffirming that Israel’s strategic objective is to reach a historic compromise and permanent status agreements that shall determine the finality of all claims and the end of the Israeli Arab conflict, in order to achieve permanent and lasting peace, lasting and guaranteed security, regional economic prosperity and normal ties with all Arab and Islamic states,
- Recognizing the suffering of the Palestinian refugees since the 1948 war as well as of the Jewish refugees from the Arab countries, and realizing the need to resolve the Palestinian refugees problem through realistic and mutually agreed-upon solutions,
- Realizing that wide-scale multilateral economic cooperation is essential in order to ensure the prosperity of the Middle East, its environmental sustainability and the future of its peoples,
- Recognizing the Arab Peace Initiative of March 2002 (API) as a historic effort made by the Arab states to reach a breakthrough and achieve progress on a regional basis, and sharing the API statement “that a military solution to the conflict will not achieve peace or provide security for the parties,”
Therefore Israel accepts the API as a framework for regional peace negotiations and presents the IPI as an integrated response to the API, and as a vision of the regional final-status agreements to be negotiated and signed between the Arab states, the Palestinians and Israel, based on the following proposed principles:
1) CONFLICT RESOLUTION PRINCIPLES
The key principle of all regional peace agreements shall be Israeli withdrawals, guaranteed security, normal relations and end of all conflicts, while recognizing the security needs of all parties, the water resources challenges, the demographic realities on the ground, and the interests and needs of the followers of the three monotheistic faiths; Furthermore, the Israeli Palestinian conflict shall be resolved on the principle of two states for two nations: Palestine as a nation state for the Palestinians and Israel as a nation state for the Jews (in which the Arab minority will have equal and full civil rights as articulated in Israel’s Declaration of Independence). On this basis, the following parameters are proposed:
1a) Israeli-Palestinian Conflict Resolution Parameters
1. Statehood and Security – A sovereign independent Palestinian state shall be formed in the West Bank and Gaza Strip on territories from which Israel withdrew. The state shall be demilitarized, exercising full authority over its internal security forces. The International community shall play an active role in providing border security and curbing terrorist threats.
2. Borders – The borders shall be based on the June 4, 1967, lines, with agreed modifications subject to the following principles: the creation of territorial contiguity between the Palestinian territories; land swaps (not to exceed 7% of the West Bank) based on a 1:1 ratio, including the provision of a safe corridor between the West Bank and Gaza, under de facto Palestinian control.
3. Jerusalem – The greater Jerusalem area shall include the two capitals of the two states. The line shall be drawn so that: Jewish neighborhoods shall be under Israeli sovereignty; the Arab neighborhoods shall be under Palestinian sovereignty; special arrangements shall be implemented in the Old City, ensuring that the Jewish Quarter and the Western Wall shall be under Israeli sovereignty; the Temple Mount shall remain under a special no-sovereignty regime (“God Sovereignty”), with special agreed-upon arrangements, ensuring that Islamic holy places shall be administered by the Moslem Waqf, and Jewish holy sites and interests shall be administered by Israel. The implementation of these arrangements will be supervised by an Israeli-International committee .
4. Refugees – The solutions for the Palestinian refugees shall be agreed upon between Israel, the Palestinians and all regional parties in accordance with the following principles: Financial compensation shall be offered to the refugees and the host countries by the international community and Israel; the Palestinian refugees wishing to return (as mentioned in UNGAR 194) may do so only to the Palestinian state, with mutually agreed-upon symbolic exceptions.
1b) Israeli-Syrian Conflict Resolution Parameters
1. Borders – Israel shall withdraw from the Golan to a border-line to be designed based on the June 4, 1967 status, with agreed minor modifications and land swaps based on a 1:1 ratio, reflecting the 1923 international border. The agreement shall be mutually implemented in stages, based on the Sinai model, over a period not to exceed 5 years.
2. Security Arrangements –A comprehensive security package shall be mutually agreed, defining, inter alia, the scope of demilitarized zones on both sides of the border and the deployment of peace keeping international forces.
1c) Israeli-Lebanese Conflict Resolution Parameters
1. Borders – Israel and Lebanon shall establish permanent peace based on UNSCR 1701, subject to which Israel concluded its withdrawal to the international border.
2. Lebanese Sovereignty – In addition to the full implementation of UNSCR 1701, Lebanon shall exercise full sovereignty over its territory through the Lebanese army.
1d) State of Peace
In each of the Israeli-Palestinian, Israeli-Syrian and the Israeli-Lebanese peace agreements the respective parties agree to apply between them the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations and the principles of international law governing relations among states in time of peace; to settle all disputes between them by peaceful means; to develop good neighborly relations of co-operation between them to ensure lasting security; to refrain from the threat or use of force against each other and from forming any coalition, organization or alliance with a third party, the objectives or activities of which include launching aggression or hostility against the other party.
2) REGIONAL SECURITY PRINCIPLES
1. The parties will create regional security mechanisms, addressing shared threats and risks arising from states, terrorist organizations, marine pirate groups, and guerrilla organizations. to ensure the safety and security of the peoples of the region.
2. The parties shall build regional frameworks to jointly fight against crime and environmental threats.
3) ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PRINCIPLES
Based on significant economic support by the international community, the parties shall implement wide-scale regional cooperation projects in order to ensure the stabilization, viability and prosperity of the region, and to achieve optimal utilization of energy and water resources for the benefit of all parties. Such projects will improve transportation infrastructure, agriculture, industry and regional tourism, thus addressing the rising danger of unemployment in the region. In the future, the parties shall create the “Middle East Economic Development Bloc” (inviting all Middle Eastern countries to join), aiming at reaching a special status in the EU, the US and the International Community.
4) STEPS TOWARDS NORMAL RELATIONS PRINCIPLES
Israel, the Arab States and the Islamic States commit to implement gradual steps towards establishing normal relations between them, in the spirit of the Arab Peace Initiative, which shall commence upon the launching of peace negotiations and shall be gradually upgraded to full normal relations (including diplomatic relations, open borders and economic ties) upon the signing of the permanent status agreements and throughout their implementation.
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Yaakov Perry |
Former GSS director (1995-1998). Chairman of the Board of Mizrahi |
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Amnon Lipkin-Shahak |
15th Chief of the General Staff, IDF (1995-1998). Former government minister (1999-2001). |
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Amram Mitzna |
Former Chairman of the Labor Party, Major General (IDF), Mayor of Haifa , Head of the Appointed Committee of Yeruham. |
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Danny Yatom |
Former director of the Mossad (1996-1998). |
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Ami Ayalon |
Former Director of the GSS (1996-2000). |
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Yuval Rabin |
Businessman and one of the Initiative’s authors. |
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Danny Gillerman |
Former Ambassador to the UN. |
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Alik Ron |
Major General Israel Police (Ret.) |
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Dov Tamari |
Brigadier General (res.) General Staff Reconnaissance Unit commander, first chief intelligence officer in the IDF. |
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Att. Moshe Shachal |
Attorney, former MK and minister. |
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Dr. Yehuda Ben-Meir |
Deputy Foreign Minister on behalf of Mafdal (1981-1983). Founder of Meimad. Dr. of Psychology, senior research fellow, Institute for National Security Studies (INSS). |
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Dr. Alon Liel |
International relations researcher and Israeli diplomat who served as General Director of the Foreign Ministry (2000-2001). Ambassador to South Africa, and Chargé d’Affaires in Turkey. |
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Avi Primor |
Deputy Rector, Interdisciplinary Center, Herzliya. Former Israeli Ambassador to Germany and EU, and Deputy Director General, Ministry of Foreign Affairs. |
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Nathan Sharony |
President of the Council of Peace and Security. Major General (IDF). Former General Director of the Ministry of Industry, Tourism, and Trade. |
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Prof. Shimon Shamir |
Middle East scholar and diplomat. Israeli Ambassador to Egypt (1988-1990) and Israel’s first Ambassador to Jordan (1994-1996). |
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Idan Ofer |
Businessman, owner of Israel Corp., chairman of the board of Better Place. |
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Att. Dalia Rabin |
Chairperson of the Rabin Center. |
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Colette Avital |
Former MK and a diplomat, Director of the Berl Katznelson |
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Shlomo Gur |
Deputy Director of the Claims Committee, former General Director of |
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Shaul Givoli |
Brigadier General (IDF), Major General (Israel Police). General |
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Uri Neeman |
Former head of the Mossad’s research wing (1989-1995). |
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Prof. Yoram Meital |
Chairman of the Chaim Hertzog Center for Middle East Studies and |
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Att. Oded Dovrat |
President of the Ramat Gan College. |
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Prof. Eli Podeh |
Middle East scholar, expert in the history of the Arab world. Islam and |
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Dr. Efrat Elron |
Organizational psychologist, expert on multi-national forces and Israeli |
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Prof. Aliza Shenhar |
President of the Yizre’el Valley College. Former Israeli ambassador to |
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Dr. Matti Steinberg |
Middle East scholar, former advisor to GSS director. Lecturer at |
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Dr. Ephraim Lavie |
Middle East scholar, Colonel (Res.), former senior |
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Prof. Tamar Herman |
Public opinion expert, expert on foreign policy and security, Open |
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Prof. Yossi Yonah |
Professor of Philosophy of Education, Department of Education, Ben |
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Prof. Moshe Maoz |
Professor Emeritus of Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies, expert on |
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Itamar Ya’ar |
Colonel (Res.). Management and national security advisor, former |
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Bruno Landsberg |
Founder and chairman of the Sano Enterprises Ltd. |
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Alon Schuster |
Head of Sha’ar Hanegev Regional Council. |
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Dr. Alla Shainskaya |
Senior scientist, Weizmann Institute of Science. |
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Merav Michaeli |
Journalist and media figure, a feminist activist. |
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Adina Bar Shalom |
Founder and President of the Haredi College of Jerusalem. |
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Prof. Eyal Zisser |
Middle East scholar, Dean of the Faculty of Humanities, Tel Aviv University. |
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Shaul Arieli |
Colonel (Res.), member of the Council for Peace and Security. Head of the Peace Administration in the Barak Administration. |
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Prof. Shifra Sagi |
Professor of Educational Psychology and head of the Conflict Resolution and Management Program, Ben Gurion University. |
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Israela Oron |
Brigadier General (Res.). Former Deputy Director of the National Security Council. |
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Avremi Adamov |
Businessman and entrepreneur. |
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Gilead Sher |
Colonel (Res.), attorney, former Head of the Prime Minister’s Bureau and Chief Negotiator with the Palestinians. Founding co-chairman of “Blue-White Future”. |
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Orny Petruschka |
Hi-tech entrepreneur and social activist. Founding member of “Blue-White Future”. |
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Avital Geva |
Educator, artist, social activist. Founder of the Ein Shemer Ecological Incubator. |
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Prof. Jimmy Weinblatt |
Professor of Economics, Ben Gurion University of the Negev. In 2010 appointed Rector of Sapir Academic College. |
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Danny Karavan |
International artist, recipient of the Israel Prize. |
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Mully Dor |
Chairman of the Executive Committee, Negev Institute for Strategies of Peace and Development (NISPED). |
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Dr. Eva Berger |
Dean of the School of Communications, Academic Track, College of Administration. |
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Akiva Eldar |
Political correspondent, member of the editorial board of Haaretz. |
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Prof. Eyal Benvenisti |
Professor, Faculty of Law, Tel Aviv University. Expert in international law. |
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Att. Eti Livni |
Former MK (Shinui), Deputy Speaker of the Knesset 2006–2008). |
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Prof. Alex Mintz |
Dean of the School of Government, Diplomacy, and Strategy, Interdisciplinary Center, Herzliya. |
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Rabbi Dr. Daniel Hartman |
President of the Shalom Hartman Institute, Engaging Israel project director. |
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Dr. Mark Heller |
Principal Research Associate Institute for National Security Studies. |
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Att. Aviv Wasserman |
Founder and Director of the Lod Foundation. |
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Dr. Gershon Baskin |
Founder and co-director of IPCRI (Israel Palestine Center for Research and Information). |
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Yohanan Bayn |
Former ambassador to the UN between 1988-1990. |
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Prof. Dan Jacobson |
Professor of Organizational Behavior at Tel Aviv University, an expert |
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Avner Azulay |
Managing Director The Rich Foundations in Israel. |
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Dr. Ilai Alon |
Middle East scholar, expert on Islam at Tel Aviv University Interdisciplinary Center, Herzliya. |
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Ophir Paz Pines |
Former Knesset member and Minister in Israeli governments from 2005 to 2010. |
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Avner Katz |
Painter, illustrator and a writer, recipient of the Israel Prize. |
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Micha Olman |
Sculptor, recipient of the Israel Prize. |
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Oren Magnezy |
Founder and Chairman of the Laurus Consulting Group, served as Prime Minister Ariel Sharon’s Advisor. |
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Dr. Anat Kurtz |
Senior scholar at the INSS (Institute for National Security Studies), an expert on Islamist terrorism. |
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Prof. Gavriel Salomon |
Professor of Education at the University of Haifa, recipient of the Israel Prize in education. |
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Dr. Yoram Harpaz |
Editor in chief of “Educating Thinking”, expert in education. |
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Koby Huberman |
Hi tech professional, specializes in business strategy. Social activist and one of the Initiative’s authors. |
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Nava Mashiach |
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Baruch Ovadia |
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Rafi & Tzvia Valdan |
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Yoram Yahav |
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David (Miko) Tzarfaty |
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Uri Dory |
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Document Type: Initiative, Proposal
Document Sources: Israeli Peace Initiative
Subject: Economic issues, Jerusalem, Middle East situation, Peace proposals and efforts, Refugees and displaced persons, Security issues, Statehood-related
Publication Date: 06/04/2011