New Study Launch: Strengthening Medical Technology Innovation Ecosystems to Address Non-Communicable Diseases in Least Developed Countries

The UN Technology Bank, in collaboration with Medtronic and the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), has released a new study examining how the medical technology (MedTech) sector can respond to the rising burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which account for more than 70% of global deaths.

Through in-depth fieldwork in Bangladesh and Rwanda, the study analyzed innovation culture, intellectual property (IP) frameworks, regulatory systems, financing, and policy environments to identify barriers and enablers of MedTech development in least developed countries (LDCs). Using the triple helix model of innovation, the research assesses how public and private sector dynamics can support or hinder MedTech innovation and access in LDCs.

This report is the result of a collaborative research effort led by WIPO’s Global Health Unit, Global Challenges Division, in coordination with UN Technology Bank and Medtronic. The research and co-authorship were conducted by Neta Glaser, Siddhartha Prakash, Eva Bishwal, and Gabriela de Obarrio from WIPO.

Focus on MedTech for LDCs

The study specifically focuses on advanced medical devices, exploring the IP and innovation ecosystems necessary to foster the growth of, and access to, MedTech in LDCs. Systematic analysis shows that certain NCDs, such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and chronic respiratory diseases, are more prevalent in LDCs, while detection, management, and treatment options remain limited.

MedTech solutions, ranging from insulin pumps and pacemakers to CT and MRI scanners, are often scarce or inaccessible in LDCs. Identifying and addressing the challenges limiting MedTech innovation and access is therefore critical to improving healthcare outcomes.

Key Findings

The study identifies barriers and enablers across multiple areas:

• Intellectual Property: Many LDCs are strengthening their IP systems, but limited resources, lack of awareness among local innovators, and challenges in IP enforcement remain obstacles. Training and collaboration between WIPO, governments, and innovators can help strengthen IP ecosystems and support innovation.
• Regulatory Systems: Regulatory frameworks in LDCs are often less mature, creating challenges for product approval and market entry. Regulatory harmonization and reliance can accelerate approvals while ensuring safety and quality.
• Financing: Access to early-stage investment remains a challenge for local innovators, while international investors may perceive LDC markets as high-risk. Policy interventions, government incentives, and innovative market strategies can help attract investment and support sustainable growth.
• Training and Skills Development: The adoption of MedTech relies on a skilled workforce, including engineers, technicians, and healthcare practitioners. Investments in education, targeted training programs, and infrastructure improvements are essential for developing local capacity and supporting technology adoption.

Lessons from Bangladesh and Rwanda

The report draws on case studies in Bangladesh and Rwanda to illustrate ground-level realities, highlighting both challenges and opportunities in building a resilient MedTech ecosystem in LDCs.

This research provides actionable insights for policymakers, innovators, investors, and development partners seeking to expand access to MedTech solutions in LDCs, ultimately improving health outcomes for populations most in need.

Access the full study here.