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CSD-14/15
Air Pollution/Atmosphere |
Climate Change |
Energy for Sustainable Development | Industrial Development
Industrial Development
Promoting industrial development:
framework conditions
|
Country |
Initiative |
Summary Description |
|
Australia |
Industrial Development Experience |
The activities outlined in this case study encompass a broad
range of policy initiatives aimed at efficient resource
allocation, productivity improvement and international
competitiveness in sustaining economic growth, employment and
improved living standards. Increasing importance has been placed
on achieving strong economic growth, low unemployment and
improved living standards in a manner which is consistent with
principles of sustainable development. |
|
Iraq |
Implementing sustainable development principles in the
industrial sector in Bagdad |
The main goals include: undertaking environmental and social
assessment of the industrial sector, evaluating the existing
services in industrial areas as well as the type, amount and
treatment of the industrial wastes. Involvement of the private
sector and NGOs is stressed in carrying out the programme. The
programme plans to collect and analyze environmental and social
data in the industrial sector and to suggest solutions in
coordination with various governmental and non-governmental
organizations. |
|
Japan |
Development of Environment Business |
The project aims to identify and support model projects for
resource-recycling, such as the “Eco-Tours” environment
community projects and projects on green servicing in the
regions, and to contribute to develop corporate environment
businesses by sharing project information. |
|
Qatar |
Qatar Industrial Manufacturing Company (QMIC) |
The Government of Qatar, with the Qatar Chamber of
Commerce and Industry, established the Qatar Industrial
Manufacturing Company (QIMC) to promote SMEs and downstream
industries by stimulating and encouraging the role of the
private sector and its investment in industrial development. The
programme has been highly successful and significant funds were
made available for SME development. |
|
Thailand |
The development and improvement of the distribution and supply
system |
This programme aims to provide a sufficient and reliable energy
supply and to improve the operation of the electricity supply
and distribution system. Among the many positive results to
date, the programme has provided enough electricity to support
the growing number of businesses and industries, including
tourism, in some expanding cities and in new emerging economic
areas in the provinces. |
|
The construction of submerged cable lines to supply electricity
to Koh Sichang and Koh Larn, Chonburi Province |
One of the main objectives of this programme is to provide
sufficient and reliable electricity supply to Koh Sichang and
Koh Larn, significant tourist destinations. A result of this
programme has been support to sustained tourism industries
through provision of adequate electricity. |
|
Development of Eco-Industrial Estate and Networks: DEE+Net |
The main objectives of this programme are to decrease demand for
natural resources, reduce environmental impacts and improve
environmental quality; to reduce negative impacts on the
community and improve quality of life; and to enhance business
productivity and efficiency. This three-year project, which
ended in 2004, successfully disseminated the eco concepts and
principles; established eco-industrial criteria; and implemented
pilot projects. |
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Environmental Management
|
Country |
Initiative |
Summary Description |
|
European Commission |
Environmental Technologies Action Plan |
This Action Plan gives eco-efficient innovations a fair and
competitive market perspective and provides for the
internalization of external costs through an effective mix of
instruments. These include performance-based green public
procurement, fiscal incentives, reform of subsidies that have
considerable negative effects on the environment and are
inconsistent with sustainable development, and risk-sharing
facilities. This initiative will also promote the global
competitiveness of the European economy. |
|
Japan |
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) |
Since 1999, environmental impact assessment is undertaken as
part of the efforts to integrate environmental aspects into
industrial operations, such as requiring environmental impact
assessment for licensing or permits. |
| Lithuania |
Environmental Management and Reporting |
The programme achieved its objective to
integrate environmental management programmes in industrial
companies through the development of a system of environmental
performance/eco-efficiency indicators for the Klaipeda region
and development of a master environmental report for the
municipality. |
|
Portugal |
Environmental Value-added Supplement
for EMS |
This case study looks at the use of an environmental value-added
supplement in the Incentive Scheme for Enterprise Modernization
(SIME), which is an element of the Incentive Program for the
Modernization of the Economy (PRIME) (2003-2006) in Portugal.
Through this scheme, enterprises are stimulated to implement
Environmental Management Systems (EMS) through a scheme of
repayable and non-repayable incentives.
|
| Thailand |
Development of Eco-Industrial Estate and
Networks: DEE+Net |
The main objectives of this programme are to
decrease demand for natural resources, reduce environmental
impacts and improve environmental quality; to reduce negative
impacts on the community and improve quality of life; and to
enhance business productivity and efficiency. This three-year
project, which ended in 2004, successfully disseminated the eco
concepts and principles; established eco-industrial criteria;
and implemented pilot projects. |
| Dissemination of information on best practices
to industry and promotion of information exchange between
enterprises |
The programme led to both a suitable model for
benchmarking palm oil processes in Thai Industry and the
development of appropriate environmental indicators for the pulp
and paper industry. |
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Resource use efficiency in industry
(including materials and energy)
|
Country |
Initiative |
Summary Description |
|
Denmark |
Danish Refrigeration Installer
Environmental Scheme - Montreal Protocol |
Since 1992, the Danish Refrigeration Installer’s Environmental
Scheme (KMO scheme) has offered the authorities free help in
connection with collection and disposal of refrigerant waste
that the normal waste system is unable to deal with
satisfactorily. Actors in the Danish refrigeration sector
established the KMO scheme on their own initiative following the
Danish Government’s ratification of the Montreal Protocol in
1992. Since the scheme is the first of its kind, it has led to
discussion of the different methods that can be used for
collecting and disposing of waste that requires special product
knowledge. The KMO scheme will therefore be important for the
final decision about who is to deal with the problematic waste
and the conditions they should be subject to. |
|
Lithuania |
Cleaner Production
(CP) Financing and Implementation in Lithuania |
The main objective of this programme was to identify and finance
on favourable terms implementation of high-priority CP
innovations with rapid payback that yield environmental and
economical benefits. The CP investment project had some
noticeable results including: increased profitability while
lowering production costs; a rapid return on investments; and
more efficient use of energy, natural resources and raw
materials. |
|
Lithuanian-Norwegian
Cleaner Production (CP) Programme |
The objectives of this programme were to improve environmental
performance, competitiveness and regulatory compliance; to
document environmental improvements achieved from reduced
pollution and waste generation; to increase efficiency and
better management by introducing the concept of CP in
participating industrial companies; and to strengthen the
capacity of local partners. Through this programme, 125
representatives from the industry and governmental institutions
were trained and certified as CP experts. |
|
South Africa |
The Platinum Jewelry Project |
The project aims at creating a world class platinum jewelry
design, manufacturing and training facility, which is
commercially sound and sustainable. The project has been
developed as a commercial project with positive social
spin-offs, such as job creation at all skill levels. A key
element of the broad strategy focuses on small, medium and micro
enterprises, to create an enabling environment for small
business, including through the establishment of the Millenium
Development Fund that supports them. |
|
Thailand |
Development of production process for enterprises based on
international standards. |
The main objectives of this programme are to achieve
international standards for food production and waste management
and to propose options for reducing waste and saving energy. The
programme, which ended in February 2005, led to an annual energy
savings potential of 10,611,400 Baht. |
|
The construction of submerged cable
lines to supply electricity to Koh Samui |
One of the main objectives of this programme is to provide
sufficient and reliable electricity supply to Koh Samui, an
important tourist destination. A result of this programme has
been support to sustained tourism industries through provision
of adequate electricity. |
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Industrial waste minimization,
recycling and re-use
|
Country |
Initiative |
Summary Description |
|
Japan |
Guidelines for Waste Treatment and Recycling |
The Guidelines for Waste Treatment and Recycling (by Product
Category/Sector) were first developed in fiscal 1990 with the
aim of encouraging business entities to take voluntary measures
for waste treatment and recycling. The Guidelines have undergone
several revisions to expand the targeted product categories and
sectors and to further elaborate the contents of measures for
each product category and sector. The revision successfully
promoted 3R (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) measures for each
product category and sector, both in quality and quantity. |
|
Thailand |
Development of production process for enterprises based on
international standards. |
The main objectives of this programme are to achieve
international standards for food production and waste management
and to propose options for reducing waste and saving energy. The
programme, which ended in February 2005, led to an annual energy
savings potential of 10,611,400 Baht. |
|
United States of America |
U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency’s Voluntary Methane Programs |
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s methane programs are
designed to overcome a wide range of informational, technical,
and institutional barriers to reducing methane emissions, while
creating profitable activities for the coal, natural gas,
petroleum, landfill, and agricultural industries. These programs
are designed to provide industry and other stakeholders with
technical assistance, facilitate technology transfer, and
address barriers to project development. In 2003 alone, these
programs – including the Natural Gas STAR program, the Coalbed
Methane Outreach Program, the Landfill Methane Outreach Program,
and the AgSTAR program – reduced emissions by 11.5 million
metric tons of carbon equivalent (MMTCE), the equivalent of over
100 billion cubic feet (bcf) of natural gas. Today there over
360 landfill gas to energy projects, almost three times as many
as 1994, generating approximately 8 billion kWh hours of
electricity per year. |
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Cleaner industrial technology development and transfer
|
Country |
Initiative |
Summary Description |
| Australia |
International initiative for
aligned testing methods and performance requirements for compact
fluorescent lamps (CFLs) |
CFLs are now a highly
significant globally traded commodity, and the volume of
production, the energy and environmental implications and the
volume of international trade make this product type a high
priority for concerted and coordinated international action.
This project will result in the coordinated development of a
uniform testing methodology for the performance features of CFLs,
suitable for national and international standard bodies to
measure CFL performance. |
|
Datong Cleaner Environment Project |
The project resulted in
an innovative water treatment technology that could support
replication to other Chinese coal gasification plants. It was
felt that the technology has the potential to vastly influence
the sustainability of the coal gasification industry nationwide,
while achieving sustainable water resource management and
increasing energy resources. At the end of the project, in June
2004, the Chinese counterpart agency was planning to patent the
new technology. |
| China |
Datong Cleaner Environment Project |
The project, which was
supported by Australia, resulted in an innovative water
treatment technology that could support replication to other
Chinese coal gasification plants. It was felt that the
technology has the potential to vastly influence the
sustainability of the coal gasification industry nationwide,
while achieving sustainable water resource management and
increasing energy resources. At the end of the project, in June
2004, the Chinese counterpart agency was planning to patent the
new technology. |
| Japan |
Promotion of Sustainable Eco-Conscious Business Management
|
The initiative is
designed to promote R&D of eco-friendly products on the part of
operators by establishing a uniform set of Life Cycle Analysis (LCA)
approaches, increasing database users and minimizing
environmental impacts, including reduction of GHG emissions for
all industries. |
|
United States of America |
U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency’s Voluntary Methane Programs |
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s methane programs are
designed to overcome a wide range of informational, technical,
and institutional barriers to reducing methane emissions, while
creating profitable activities for the coal, natural gas,
petroleum, landfill, and agricultural industries. These programs
are designed to provide industry and other stakeholders with
technical assistance, facilitate technology transfer, and
address barriers to project development. In 2003 alone, these
programs – including the Natural Gas STAR program, the Coalbed
Methane Outreach Program, the Landfill Methane Outreach Program,
and the AgSTAR program – reduced emissions by 11.5 million
metric tons of carbon equivalent (MMTCE), the equivalent of over
100 billion cubic feet (bcf) of natural gas. Today there over
360 landfill gas to energy projects, almost three times as many
as 1994, generating approximately 8 billion kWh hours of
electricity per year. |
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Industrial development’s impact on poverty and social development
|
Country |
Initiative |
Summary Description |
| Australia |
Capital Aid Fund for
Employment of the Poor |
This project seeks to promote sustainable
poverty alleviation in Vietnam, through the expansion of the
successful Capital Aid Fund for Employment of the Poor (CEP) and
to develop a demonstration model for a financially sustainable
Vietnamese microfinance institution that reaches and benefits
the poor. Halfway through the project, the CEP has succeeded in
increasing its clientele by more than 17,000, raising incomes of
many clients and enabling them to start or expand business
enterprises. |
| Vietnam |
Capital Aid Fund for
Employment of the Poor |
This Australian project seeks to promote sustainable
poverty alleviation in Vietnam, through the expansion of the
successful Capital Aid Fund for Employment of the Poor (CEP) and
to develop a demonstration model for a financially sustainable
Vietnamese microfinance institution that reaches and benefits
the poor. Halfway through the project, the CEP has succeeded in
increasing its clientele by more than 17,000, raising incomes of
many clients and enabling them to start or expand business
enterprises. |
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