Conference for the purpose of signing the

United Nations Convention against Corruption

 

Merida, Mexico

December 9 to 11, 2003

 

Statement by Robert Hage, Director General of the Legal Bureau,

Department of Foreign Affairs

Ottawa, Canada

 

A wise Austrian once said "corruption is worse than prostitution. The latter might endanger the morals of an individual, the former invariably endangers the morals of an entire country." No country has been immune. In Canada's earliest days, a future prime minister described the government as "steeped to the lips in corruption" and another wrote "corruption pervades every tissue of Canadian society."

 

The great British historian. Edward Gibbon, writing about the fall of the Roman Empire, recognized the rather perverse connexion between corruption and liberty - the notion that freedom allows bribery. He called corruption "the infallible symptom of constitutional liberty." Corruption is something mankind has faced for centuries. We have seen it undermine governments and entire societies. It is a phenomenon that percolates down. If the upper most reaches of government are corrupt, all aspects of the bureaucracy, from the police to school teachers can be tainted.

 

Over the past decade, the international community has increasingly recognized the debilitating impact of corruption on economic development. Peoples are demanding, now more than ever before. that corruption be rooted out from their local communities and across the globe. In response, regional bodies, such as the Organization of American States, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, the Council of Europe and the African Union, have developed anti-corruption instruments.

 

We are here to celebrate that the United Nations, following months of intense negotiations, has now successfully completed a global Convention Against Corruption. This Convention is more comprehensive and has a wider application than other anti-corruption treaties. Once it enters into force, it will be the key instrument in the global fight against corruption.

 

We should be proud of what has been accomplished. The completion of the UN Convention against Corruption provides clear evidence that a group of widely differing nations, when galvanized by high ideals and concern for the greater good, can work closely and constructively for the welfare of the global community. But without subsequent implementation by States, the Convention will not even begin to attack, much less eliminate, corruption's devastating effects. States must ensure that the full strength of the Convention is engaged to develop or strengthen legal frameworks. policies and mechanisms to prevent corruption. to punish those guilty of it and to work towards returning the proceeds of crime associated with corruption to their rightful owners. International co-operation will also be key. In addition to Implementing the legal provisions of the Convention. it is crucial that we all continue to work on building a global culture that fully rejects corruption, in all its shapes and forms.

 

Canada is pleased to have played an active role in the negotiation of the Convention. Its content and objectives are perfectly in line with two themes that are central to Canada's foreign policy - the promotion of human security and good governance. Due to a transition in Government, Canada is not in a position to become a signatory in Merida. Our support for the United Nations Convention against Corruption, however, remains firm and unwavering and we expect to be in a position to sign the Convention in the near future.

 

As an induction of Canada's commitment to fight corruption and lend support for the early signing, ratification and coming into force of the Convention. Canada has contributed $49.000 to help a number of delegates from various countries travel to Merida. This has allowed these representatives to be here with us today and join the many other states in signing the Convention. By supporting their attendance. Canada is joining others in keeping alive the spirit of collaboration and collegiality that existed in Vienna while the Convention was being negotiated.

 

l would also like to recognize the presence of a fellow Canadian, John Williams, Member of Parliament and founder of the Global Organization of Parliamentarians against Corruption (GOPAC). Canada is proud to provide support to this organization and its work in building a global network of parliamentarians dedicated to preventing and combating corruption.

 

On behalf of Canada, l would like to also express our sincere gratitude to the Government of Mexico for hosting this Conference "en la maravillosa ciudad de Merida."

 

One of the objectives of the United Nations is to develop conditions under which justice and respect for treaty obligations and international law can be maintained, and l would add, flourish. The Convention recognizes that corruption can be particularly damaging to democratic institutions and the rule of law.    If corruption goes unchecked, there is no room for democracy to flourish: no room for freedom to expand; no room for economies to prosper: and no room for justice to prevail. The world community worked hard to give itself this means to fight corruption efficiently. Let us commit ourselves to use this instrument to demonstrate that corruption, a scourge over centuries. can indeed have an end.