Sanctions and Other Committees

Article 41 of the United Nations Charter gives the Security Council the authority to use a variety of measures to enforce its decisions. The Council regularly creates subsidiary organs to support or implement these measures. Among the most common are those measures that are known as "sanctions", which are generally supported by a Committee, as well as Panels/Groups of Experts or other mechanisms to monitor implementation of the sanctions.

This page covers all of the committees that were created by the Security Council in connection with mandatory measures and that were featured in the Repertoire, organized by area or region, then chronologically starting with those established most recently. It provides a short description prepared on the basis of the content of the Repertoire, as well as links to the sections covering them in the Repertoire.

The Repertoire covers the specifics of sanctions and other mandatory measures in its section on Article 41. The Council’s discussion on the general topic of sanctions can be found here.

 

Africa

Angola

Committee established pursuant to resolution 864 (1993) concerning the situation in Angola

The Committee was established on 15 September 1993 to monitor and oversee the implementation of an arms embargo and petroleum sanctions against the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA). UNITA was sanctioned due to its internationally condemned military actions during the Angolan Civil War as well as its attacks on civilians and United Nations personnel. On 9 September 2002, the sanctions were terminated and the Committee was dissolved.

Panel of Experts: 1996-19992000-2003

Central African Republic

Committee established pursuant to resolution 2127 (2013) concerning Central African Republic

2012-20132014-20152016-201720182019202020212022

By resolution 2127 (2013) of 5 December 2013, the Security Council established a Committee to oversee the arms embargo imposed against the Central African Republic (the Council also established a Panel of Experts to assist the Committee in carrying out its mandate). The Committee’s mandate has been further expanded by subsequent resolutions to oversee additional sanctions measures.

Côte d'Ivoire

Committee established pursuant to resolution 1572 (2004) concerning Côte d'Ivoire

By resolution 1572 (2004) of 15 November 2004, the Security Council established a Committee to oversee the arms embargo against Côte d’Ivoire, as well as an assets freeze and travel ban imposed on designated individuals. By resolution 1643 (2005) of 15 December 2005, the Committee’s mandate was expanded to include monitoring of the diamond ban imposed by the same resolution. By resolution 1584 (2005) of 1 February 2005, the Security Council also established a Group of Experts to assist the Committee in its work. By resolution 2283 (2016) of 28 April 2016, the Security Council took note of the report of the Committee and decided to terminate the sanctions regime and to dissolve the Committee and its Group of Experts.

Group of Experts:

Democratic Republic of the Congo

Committee established pursuant to resolution 1533 (2004) concerning the Democratic Republic of the Congo

By resolution 1533 (2004) of 12 March 2004, the Security Council established a Committee to oversee the ban on arms transfers to the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the prohibition of assistance from other countries to foreign and Congolese armed groups operating in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Subsequently, the Council also requested the Committee to oversee an assets freeze and travel ban on designated individuals and groups, as well as certain restrictions related to aviation. By resolution 1533 (2004) of 12 Mach 2004, the Council also established a Group of Experts to assist the Committee in fulfilling its mandate.

Group of Experts:

Eritrea/Ethiopia

Committee established pursuant to resolution 1298 (2000) concerning the situation between Eritrea and Ethiopia

The Committee was established on 17 May 2000 to monitor and implement the arms embargo against Eritrea and Ethiopia in response to continuing hostilities between Eritrea and Ethiopia over the borders. On 16 May 2001, the Committee was terminated as the Council recognized the Algiers Agreement as a step towards a peace settlement.

Guinea-Bissau

Committee established pursuant to resolutions 2048 (2012) concerning Guinea-Bissau

By resolution 2048 (2012) of 18 May 2012, the Security Council established a Committee to oversee the travel ban imposed against five members of the military that led the coup in Guinea-Bissau on 12 April 2012.

Liberia

Committee established pursuant to resolution 1521 (2003) concerning Liberia

By resolution 1521 (2003) of 22 December 2003, the Security Council established a Committee to oversee an arms embargo, travel ban and trade sanctions against Liberia. Since 2004, the Committee also oversees the implementation of an assets freeze on individuals and entities. The sanctions on timber and diamonds were lifted by the Council in 2006 and 2007 respectively. By resolution 2237 (2015), the Council terminated the travel and financial measures. By resolution 2288 (2016) of 25 May 2016,  the Security Council took note of the report of the Committee and decided to terminate the sanctions regime and to dissolve the Committee and its Panel of Experts.

Group of Experts:


Committee established pursuant to resolution 1343 (2001) concerning Liberia

The Committee was established on 7 March 2001, to ensure the effective implementation of the arms embargo against Liberia. On 22 December 2003, due to the changed circumstances in Liberia, the Committee was dissolved to revise the legal basis of sanctions imposed.

Panel of Experts:


Committee established pursuant to resolution 985 (1995) concerning Liberia

The Committee was established on 13 April 1995 to monitor the arms embargo against Liberia in response to the First Liberian Civil War. On 7 March 2001, the Committee was dissolved with the termination of the arms embargo.

Panel of Experts:

Libya

Committee established pursuant to resolution 1970 (2011) concerning Libya

The Committee was established on 26 February 2011 to oversee the relevant sanctions measures (arms embargo, assets freeze, travel ban). The Committee’s mandate was expanded to include the measures decided in resolution 2146 (2014), relating to attempts to illicitly export crude oil from Libya.

Panel of Experts:

 

Committee established pursuant to resolution 748 (1992) concerning the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya

The Committee was established on 31 March 1992 to monitor the implementation of civil aviation, arms embargoes and selective travel ban on Libyan Arab Jamahiriya in accordance with its non-compliance with investigations relating to the destruction of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland and Unionde transports aeriens Flight 772 over the Niger. Sanctions measures were strengthened in 1993 following continued non-compliance by Libyan Arab Jamahiriya resulting in wider travel ban, financial asset freezes as well as further restrictions on the sale of particular petroleum equipment. Following the suspension of sanctions in 1998 as a result of the handover of suspects in connection with the Lockerbie bombing for trial, on 12 September 2003, the Council decided to lift the measures and dissolved the Committee.

Mali

Committee established pursuant to resolution 2374 (2017) concerning Mali

2016-201720182019202020212022

By resolution 2374 (2017) of 5 September 2017 the Security Council established a Committee to oversee the travel ban and asset freeze imposed against individuals and entities designated as responsible for or complicit in, or having engaged in, directly or indirectly, actions or policies that threaten the peace, security or stability of Mali. The Council also established a Panel of Experts to assist the Committee in carrying out its mandate.

Rwanda

Committee established pursuant to resolution 918 (1994) concerning Rwanda

By resolution 918 (1994) of 17 May 1994, the Security Council established a Committee to oversee the arms embargo against Rwanda in response to the continuing large-scale violence towards the civilian population. The arms embargo against the Government of Rwanda was lifted in August 1995, and the remaining measures against non-governmental forces and the Committee were terminated by resolution 1823 (2008) of 10 July 2008.

Sierra Leone

Committee established pursuant to resolution 1132 (1997) concerning Sierra Leone

By resolution 1132 (1997) of 8 October 1997, the Security Council established a Committee to monitor the measures concerning the petroleum and arms embargo and travel restrictions against Sierra Leone following the military coup of 25 May 1997. By resolution 1171 (1998) of 5 June 1998, the Council lifted the sanctions on the Government and reimposed the arms embargo and travel ban on leading members of the Revolutionary United Front and of the former military junta. By resolution 1306 (2000) of 5 July 2000, the Committee’s mandate was expanded to include monitoring of the diamond ban imposed by the same resolution. By resolution 1940 (2010) of 29 September 2010, the Security Council took note of the report of the Committee and decided to terminate the sanctions regime and dissolve the Committee.

Panel of Experts:

Somalia

Committee established pursuant to resolutions 751 (1992) and 1907 (2009) concerning Somalia and Eritrea

Committee pursuant to resolution 751 (1992) concerning Al-Shabaab

By resolution 751 (1992) of 24 April 1992, the Security Council established a Committee to oversee the territorial arms embargo imposed on Somalia by resolution 733 (1992) as a result of the then ongoing civil war. The Council subsequently expanded the mandate of the Committee to include the monitoring of individual targeted sanctions (arms embargo, travel ban and assets freeze) and a charcoal ban and established a Monitoring Group to assist the Committee. By resolution 1907 (2009) of 23 December 2009, the Committee was also tasked to monitor the territorial arms embargo and individual targeted sanctions (travel ban and assets freeze) imposed on Eritrea. In response to positive developments in the region, by resolution 2444 (2018) of 14 November 2018, the Council terminated the Eritrea sanctions regime, modified the mandate of the Committee accordingly and replaced the Monitoring Group on Somalia and Eritrea with a Panel of Experts on Somalia. By resolution 2498 (2019), the Council further mandated the Committee to monitor compliance with the ban on components that could be used in the manufacture of improvised explosive devices (IED) in Somalia. In 2022, the Council adopted resolution 2662 (2022) and changed the name of the name of the subsidiary organ to the Committee pursuant to resolution 751 (1992) concerning Al-Shabaab.

Panel of Experts:

South Africa

Committee established under resolution 421 (1977) relating to South Africa

The Committee was established on 9 November 1977 to implement and oversee the arms embargo against the apartheid regime in South Africa. On 25 May 1994, the Council terminated the arms embargo and dissolved the Committee.

Southern Rhodesia

Committee established in pursuance of resolution 253 (1968) of 29 May 1968 concerning the question of Southern Rhodesia

The Committee was established on 29 May 1968 to examine reports on the implementation of trade sanctions against the illegal regime of Southern Rhodesia. On 21 December 1979, the sanctions were terminated and the Committee was dissolved.

Sudan

Committee established pursuant to resolution 1591 (2005) concerning the Sudan

By resolution 1591 (2005) of 29 March 2005, the Security Council established a Committee to oversee the arms embargo, the assets freeze and travel ban imposed in relation to the Darfur region of the Sudan. Simultaneously, the Council established a Panel of Experts to assist the Committee’s work.

Panel of Experts:

 

South Sudan

Committee established pursuant to resolution 2206 (2015) concerning South Sudan

By resolution 2206 (2015) of 3 March 2015, the Security Council established a Committee to oversee a travel ban and an assets freeze imposed on individuals and entities designated in accordance with the listing criteria delineated in paragraphs 6 to 8 of the resolution. By the same resolution, the Council established a Panel of Experts to assist the Committee in its work. By resolution 2428 (2018), the Council also requested the Committee to monitor compliance with the arms embargo imposed on South Sudan.

Panel of Experts:

Americas

Haiti

Committee established pursuant to resolution 841 (1993) concerning Haiti

The Committee, established on 16 June 1993, monitored the arms embargo and financial and petroleum sanctions targeting the “de facto authorities” in Haiti until 29 September 1994 when the Council terminated the sanctions.
 

Committee established pursuant to resolution 2653 (2022) concerning Haiti

On 21 October 2022, by resolution 2653 (2022), the Council imposed a travel ban, asset freeze and targeted arms embargo against individuals and entities designated as responsible for or complicit in, or having engaged in, directly or indirectly, actions that threatened the peace, security or stability of Haiti. By the resolution, the Council established the Committee to monitor the implementation of the sanctions measures and designate individuals and entities subject to the measures, and to consider requests for exemptions. The Council also requested the Secretary-General to create a Panel of Experts to support the work of the Committee. 

Asia

Afghanistan

Committee established pursuant to resolution 1988 (2011)

By resolution 1988 (2011) of 17 June 2011, the Security Council decided to split the and Taliban sanctions regime and established a separate Committee to oversee sanctions measures in connection with any individuals, groups, undertakings and entities associated with the Taliban in constituting a threat to the peace, stability and security of Afghanistan as designated by the Committee on the List established pursuant to the same resolution.

 

Democratic People's Republic of Korea

Committee established pursuant to resolution 1718 (2006)

By resolution 1718 (2006) of 14 October 2006, the Security Council established a Committee to oversee sanctions measures imposed against the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea following its nuclear tests in 2006. In 2009, the Council appointed a Panel of Experts to assist the Committee in its work.

Panel of Experts:

Europe

Former Yugoslavia

Committee established pursuant to resolution 1160 (1998)

The Committee was established on 31 March 1998 to monitor and implement the arms embargo on the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, including Kosovo seeking to contribute to fostering peace and stability in Kosovo. On 10 September 2001, the sanctions were lifted and the Committee dissolved.

Committee established pursuant to resolution 724 (1991) concerning Yugoslavia

The Committee was established on 15 December 1991 to monitor the implementation of the arms embargo against Yugoslavia in light of the fighting in Yugoslavia resulting from the collapse of the country. Subsequently the Committee oversaw trade restrictions and travel ban as well. The Committee was dissolved on 1 October 1996.

Middle East

Iran

Committee established pursuant to resolution 1737 (2006)

By resolution 1737 (2006) of 23 December 2006, the Security Council established a Committee to oversee and monitor the UN sanctions imposed against the Islamic Republic of Iran’s proliferation sensitive nuclear and ballistic missile programmes. In 2010, the Council appointed a Panel of Experts to assist the Committee in its work. In 2015, China, France, Germany, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom, the United States, the High Representative of the European Union (the E3/EU+3) and the Islamic Republic of Iran concluded the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) which was endorsed by the Council in resolution 2231 (2015).  As a result, on 16 January 2016, on the Implementation Day of the JCPOA, sanctions were terminated in accordance with and subject to the conditions established in resolution 2231 (2015).

Panel of Experts:

Iraq/Kuwait

Committee established pursuant to resolution 1518 (2003)

By resolution 1518 (2003) of 24 November 2003, the Security Council established a Committee to succeed the Committee established pursuant to resolution 661 (1990) concerning Iraq and Kuwait. The Committee’s tasks were to continue to identify, in accordance with resolution 1483 (2003) of 22 May 2003, individuals and entities whose funds, other financial assets and economic resources should be frozen and transferred to the Development Fund for Iraq.

Committee established pursuant to resolution 661 (1990) concerning the situation between Iraq and Kuwait

The Committee was established on 6 August 1990 to oversee and implement comprehensive sanctions including travel bans, financial asset freezes and an arms embargo imposed against Iraq following the Iraqi military action against Kuwait. The Committee was also tasked to supervise the “Oil-for-Food” Programme and determining humanitarian aid needs. The Committee was terminated on 21 November 2003.

Panel of Experts: 1996-1999

Lebanon

Committee established pursuant to resolution 1636 (2005)

By resolution 1636 (2005) of 31 October 2005, the Security Council established a Committee to oversee a travel ban and assets freeze on individuals designated by the International Independent Investigation Commission or the Government of Lebanon as suspected of involvement in the 14 February 2005 terrorist bombing in Beirut, Lebanon.

 

Yemen

Committee established pursuant to resolution 2140 (2014) concerning Yemen

By resolution 2140 (2014), the Council established a Committee to oversee and monitor the implementation of the assets freeze, travel bans and targeted arms embargo imposed on individuals and entities engaging in or providing support for acts that threaten the peace, security or stability in Yemen.

Other Committees Supporting Mandatory Measures

Committee pursuant to resolutions 1267 (1999),1989 (2011) and 2253 (2015) concerning ISIL (Da’esh), Al-Qaida and associated individuals, groups, undertakings and entities

By resolution 1267 (1999) of 15 October 1999, the Security Council established a Committee to oversee the implementation of targeted sanctions measures against designated individuals, entities and aircraft that were owned, controlled, leased or operated by the Taliban. The measures were subsequently modified, particularly by resolutions 1333 (2000) and 1390 (2002), to include an assets freeze, travel ban and an arms embargo affecting designated individuals and entities associated with Usama bin Laden, and the Taliban wherever they are located. By resolutions 1988 (2011) and 1989 (2011) of 17 June 2011, the Security Council decided to split the and Taliban sanctions regime. Resolution 1989 (2011) stipulates that the sanctions list maintained by the Committee established pursuant to resolution 1267 (1999) will henceforth be known as the “ Sanctions List” and include only names of those individuals, groups, undertakings and entities associated with. By resolution 1526 (2004) of 30 January 2004, the Council also established an Analytical Support and Sanctions Monitoring Team with the mandate to, inter alia, assess and make recommendations on the implementation of the measures, pursue case studies and explore other matters as directed by the Committee. By resolution 1904 (2009) of 17 December 2009, the Security Council introduced measures to increase the fairness and transparency of the sanctions regime imposed on and created the Office of the Ombudsperson to which individuals, groups, undertakings or entities seeking to be removed from the Sanctions Committee List could submit their request for delisting. By resolution 2253 (2015) of 17 December 2015, the Security Council decided to expand the listing criteria to include individuals and entities supporting the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL). The resolution also directs the Monitoring Team to submit reports on the global threat posed by the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL, also known as Da’esh), and associated individuals, groups, undertakings and entities. It extends the mandates of the Monitoring Team and the Office of the Ombudsperson until December 2019.

Committee of Experts:

Monitoring Group:

Monitoring Team:

2004-20072008-20092010-20112012-20132014-2015

Office of the Ombudsperson:

2008-2009 2010-2011 2012-2013 2014-2015

 

Counter Terrorism Committee (CTC) established pursuant to Security Council resolution 1373 (2001)

 2021

By resolution 1373 (2001) of 28 September 2001, the Security Council established the Counter-Terrorism Committee to monitor the implementation of the resolution, which requested countries to implement a wide range of counter-terrorism measures following the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 in the United States. In addition, the Council also established, by resolution 1535 (2004) of 30 January 2004, a Counter-Terrorism Committee Executive Directorate (CTED) to carry out the policy decisions of the CTC, conduct expert assessments of each Member State and facilitate counter-terrorism technical assistance to countries.

Counter-Terrorism Committee Executive Directorate (CTED)

 

Committee established pursuant to resolution 1540 (2004)

By resolution 1540 (2004) of 28 April 2004, the Security Council established a Committee to oversee the implementation of the resolution, which obligated States to establish domestic controls to prevent the proliferation of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons, and their means of delivery, including by establishing appropriate controls over related materials. The mandate of the Committee was extended regularly. The Council last extended the mandate of the Committee in 2011 for a period of ten years, recognizing the long-term nature of its task and charged it with two comprehensive reviews, one due after five years, in 2016 and one at the end of the mandate, in 2021.