(period
2000- 2003)
Australian
assistance to Africa is provided under strategy frameworks for Africa. The
previous framework called 'Australia
and Africa’. Addressing the challenges –in partnership' operated from 1999 to 2002. A new framework is
now in place for the period 2003‑2007. Between 1999 and 2002 the primary focus
was on southeast Africa. Country programs were operated in South Africa,
Mozambique and Zimbabwe. Eastern Africa received limited assistance through NGO
programs, volunteer programs, some regional projects, and a Governance Fund,
which provides grants to African organizations. Support to West Africa was
primarily through NGOs volunteer programs and humanitarian programs and the
Governance Fund. The sectoral focus was governance (including capacity building
programs), basic community infrastructure (primarily water and sanitation),
food security, health (including HIV/AIDS) and demining.
The current framework 'Australia's
Development Cooperation with Africa,
Framework for 2003‑2007 'focuses on promoting good governance at both
national and community levels, particularly by strengthening basic service
delivery. Principal sectors of activity will be health (including communicable
diseases and water supply and sanitation) and food security. Australia will
also respond in line with our capacity, to humanitarian needs and emerging
issues of mutual concern to the governments of Australia and Africa.
The program has a two‑tiered
geographic focus. Targeted countries in southern and eastern Africa’s where the
majority of Australia's support will be provided include South Africa, Lesotho,
Malawi, Mozambique, Swaziland, Zambia and Zimbabwe[1]
in southern Africa; and Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania in eastern Africa. Limited
assistance will be provided to the rest of sub-Saharan Africa, where the
program will provide opportunities for addressing ‑ on a small scale and
in exceptional cases ‑humanitarian needs and key development
requirements.
Regarding efforts towards achieving target ODA at 0.7% of GNP:
The Australian Government seeks to
maintain the overall level of aid funding at the highest level, taking into
account Australia's national economic circumstances and other Government
priorities. Australia will provide approximately $1.816 billion as official
development assistance (ODA) in 2002‑03. This is an increase of $380
million since 1996‑97. The ratio of Australia's ODA to gross national
income is estimated at 0.25 per cent, placing Australia above the donor
average, which in the latest year available (2001) was 0.22 per cent.
Regarding external indebtedness of the heavily indebted poor countries
in Africa:
The Australian Government supports
the World Bank/IMF Enhanced Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative
to address unsustainable debt in heavily indebted poor countries. 34 of the 42
countries eligible for HIPC are from Sub-Saharan Africa. To‑date
Australia has committed AUD77 million to the multilateral component of the HIPC
Initiative. This includes $18 million committed as part of the recent 13th International
Development Association (IDA) replenishment. This contribution meets
Australia's share of the continuing costs of the Initiative and is additional
to our bilateral debt forgiveness.
In April 2000 the Government
announced that Australia would provide 100 per cent debt forgiveness to
countries that qualify for debt relief under HIPC. Ethiopia is the only HIPC‑
eligible country that has debts to Australia. Ethiopia is now not required to
make debt repayments to Australia.
Regarding trade related assistance:
The
liberalization of trade and investment is an important area of mutual concern.
It is an important area, which offers substantial opportunities for growth and
sustained poverty reduction. From July 2003 Australia will provide duty‑free
and quota‑free entry for all products from least developed countries.
Through the Cairns Group, Australia is working with South Africa and fifteen
other countries, many of which are developing economies, to lower agricultural
trade barriers through the World Trade Organization (WTO). In support of the
current (Doha) round of VVTO negotiations, Australia has provided training
courses for key trade negotiators from African Commonwealth countries. These
courses aimed to increase trade policy expertise within trade ministries and
enhance negotiators' capacity to represent their countries interests in WTO
negotiations.
Regarding channeling financial, technical and other types of resources
towards the priorities of NEPAD in
accordance with the priorities of determined by each African country and
exploring ways of generating new public and private innovative sources of
finance:
'Australia's priority sectors
are consistent with the priorities of the NEPAD. All assistance to African
countries is provided in consultation with the Governments and communities in
those countries. The African Virtual University is providing opportunities for
higher education across Africa.
The
Government of Australia's (GOA) has provided support to the following NEPAD priorities:
Governance ‑ Public sector
reform and economic
Infrastructure, (Water and
sanitation, ICTs)
Agriculture
Human Resources Development
(Health, including HIV/AIDS, Education)
Environment
July 2000‑June
2001
$74,023,000
July 2001‑June
2002 $62,670,000
See attachments A and B for
detailed break‑up.
See attachment C for 2002‑2003
expenditure to early June. Final figures for the financial year are not yet
available.
Comments/ observations on the implementation of NEPAD
Australia considers the NEPAD a
framework that offers an opportunity for Africa to shape its own destiny and
for the rest of the world to complement the efforts of the African people in a
new relationship of partnership.
NEPAD's commitment to measures to
ensure democracy, good governance and the absence of wars and conflicts is a
positive development. Such measures are clearly important to accelerate the
eradication of poverty and to face enormous challenges such as those provided
by HIV/AIDS, as well as create positive conditions for investment, economic
growth and development.
It is important that the commitments
embodied in the Declaration on Democracy, Political, Economic and Corporate
Governance are translated into timely action when the rule of law and free,
credible and democratic processes are violated.
NEPAD's focus on efforts to reap
the benefits of trade liberalization is further evidence of its potential as an
agent for development. Freer trade, accompanied by appropriate domestic
macroeconomic policies and a sound legal framework, is vital in helping poor countries move out of poverty and
on to the path of sustainable development.
Concentrated efforts to bring the
principles of the Peer Review mechanism to bear on immediate issues facing the
continent will be an important indicator of NEPAD's future success.
(All figures are in Australian dollars)
Attachment A:
Table 9: Australian aid flows to Africa by country and
program, 2000- 2001 ($’000) (all amounts in Australian Dollars)
|
|
|
Country and |
Regional |
Programs |
|
Global |
Programs |
|
Non-Aus AID |
Programs |
|
|
Sub- Saharan Africa Sub- Saharan Africa Total North Africa North Africa Total |
Angola Chad Congo, Dem. Eritrea Ethiopia Gambia Ghana Kenya Lesotho Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Rwanda Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa Sudan Swaziland Tanzania Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe Sub-Saharan Africa Unallocated Egypt Morocco |
Country Programs - - - 8 18 - - 444 144 861 - - 417 10 617 186 - - - - 108 - - 10 436 - 107 2 165 290 801 5 223 742 32 569 0 0 0 |
Regional Programs - - - - - - - 315 - - - - - 123 - - - - - - - - - - - 114 - - - 2 685 3 236 0 0 0 |
Cross Regional Programs - - - 6 11 10 - 76 - - - - 22 - - - 78 - - - - 7 154 - - 12 29 - 125 - 530 27 0 27 |
Humanitarian 462 - - - 1 386 - - 1 265 - - - - - 530 - - - - - - - - - 2 460 - 500 244 500 - - 7 348 0 0 0 |
Multilateral - - - - 3 685 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 124 - - - - - - - 3 809 2 870 0 2870 |
NGO and Volunteer - 204 18 - 732 - 325 817 10 333 65 448 - 512 - 166 189 35 112 - 20 64 36 207 - 556 1 128 460 260 110 6 806 66 0 66 |
Other - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 0 0 0 |
Australian Center for International Agricultural Research and Other Government Departments - - - - - - 8 - 32 18 - - 78 711 - - - - - - - - 197 - - - - - 570 126 1 740 15 023 1 15 023 |
Corp Serv. and Acc Adjust - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 0 0 0 |
Total Aid Flow 462 204 18 14 5 833 10 333 2 916 186 1 212 65 448 518 12 493 186 166 267 35 112 108 20 71 10 947 2 667 107 3 347 1 692 1 761 6 178 3 663 56 038 17 985 1 17 986 |
|
Total Aid to |
Australian Africa Flow |
32 569 |
3 236 |
557 |
7 348 |
6 679 |
6 872 |
0 |
16 763 |
0 |
74 023 |
Attachment B:
Aid flows (a) to Africa by partner country and program,
2001-2002 ($’000) (all amounts in Australian Dollars)
|
|
|
Country and |
Regional |
Programs |
|
Global |
Programs |
|
Non-Aus AID |
Programs |
|
|
Sub- Saharan Africa Sub- Saharan Africa Total North Africa and the Middle East |
Angola Botswana Chad Comoros Congo, Dem. Eritrea Ethiopia Gambia Ghana Guinea Kenya Lesotho Liberia Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Mozambique Namibia Nigeria Rwanda Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa Sudan Swaziland Tanzania Togo Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe Regional Egypt |
Country Programs - - - - - - 9 - - - 599 143 - - 1 466 - - 310 11 493 216 - - - 39 - - 8 420 - 138 2 449 - 476 994 4 773 -2 31 524 0 |
Regional Programs - 117 - - - - 74 - - - 584 - - - 215 - - - 67 90 - - - - 100 - 417 - - 88 - 167 67 551 1 418 3 956 0 |
Cross Regional Prog-rams 10 - - 3 - - - 7 15 1 118 - - 4 - - - 17 - - 50 - - 3 - 11 142 6 10 16 6 13 8 108 - 547 0 |
Emergency Humanitarian And Refugee Aid 96 - - - 500 - - - - - 941 - - - - - - - 674 - - - - - - - - 18 - - - - - 2 000 - 4 229 0 |
Multilateral - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 88 - - - - - - - - 88 0 |
NGO and Volunteer 146 - 136 - 69 - 530 - 376 - 849 - 258 - - 44 278 - 408 - 245 30 194 - - 205 163 162 - 465 - 937 588 295 321 6 700 118 |
Other - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 0 |
Australian Center for International Agricultural Research and Other Government Departments - - - - - 173 1 142 - - - - 32 - - 19 - - 5 422 - - - - - 283 - 678 - 20 - - 16 - 706 - 3 496 12 012 |
Departmental Expenses and Adjustments - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 0 |
Total 252 117 136 3 569 173 1 755 7 391 1 3 091 174 258 4 1 700 44 278 332 13 064 306 295 30 194 42 384 216 9 908 185 169 3 019 6 1 609 1 657 8 434 1 737 50 540 12 130 |
|
Total Aid to |
Australian Africa Flow |
31 524 |
3 956 |
547 |
4 229 |
88 |
6 818 |
0 |
15 508 |
0 |
62 670 |
(a) Aid flow is the total of Official Assistance (OA) and Official Development Assistance (ODA) to all eligible countries.
Attachment C:
Australian Bilateral Aid Expenditure to Africa and Non-AusAID Expenditures 2002
(Preliminary figures only, July 2002- June 1 2003- subject to change)
All
expenditure in Australian Dollars
|
Country |
Activity Name |
AUD Expenses 2002- 2003 |
Country Total |
Australian Center for International Agricultural research and Other Government Departments |
|
ERITREA KENYA KENYA KENYA KENYA KENYA LESOTHO MALAWI MALAWI MALAWI MALAWI MALAWI MALAWI MAURITIUS MOZAMBIQUE MOZAMBIQUE MOZAMBIQUE MOZAMBIQUE MOZAMBIQUE MOZAMBIQUE MOZAMBIQUE MOZAMBIQUE MOZAMBIQUE MOZAMBIQUE MOZAMBIQUE MOZAMBIQUE MOZAMBIQUE MOZAMBIQUE NAMIBIA REGIONAL – SOUTHERN AFRICA REGIONAL SOUTHERN AFRICA REGIONAL SOUTHERN AFRICA REGIONAL SOUTHERN AFRICA REGIONAL SOUTHERN AFRICA REGIONAL SOUTHERN AFRICA REGIONAL SOUTHERN AFRICA REGIONAL SOUTHERN AFRICA REGIONAL SOUTHERN AFRICA REGIONAL SOUTHERN AFRICA REGIONAL SOUTHERN AFRICA SIERRA LEONE SEYCHELLES SOUTH AFRICA SOUTH AFRICA SOUTH AFRICA SOUTH AFRICA SOUTH AFRICA SOUTH AFRICA SOUTH AFRICA SOUTH AFRICA SOUTH AFRICA SOUTH AFRICA |
Farming for Food Security Kenya- ADS Salvation Army HIV/AIDS Intervention TEAR PHAST Water/Sanitation Programme Tear WSS for Nakura and Nyandurua Lesotho- ADS ADRA Malawi HIV/ AIDS Project AFAP Chimaliro W & S Project Central Region Livelihood Security Ph 1 Central Region Livelihood Security Ph 2 Kamenyagwaza Livelihood Improvement Proj Malawi- ADS Mauritius- ADS CAA Joint University HIV/AIDS Prevention CAA Monaso HIV/AIDS Cashew Reforestation Project Pebane Chiembekezo Food Security Project Gaza Household Food Security Project Mavume Food Security Project MB Sex Workers in Manica HIV/AIDS Moz In- country Scholarship Award Scheme Mozambique- ADS Mozambique Capacity Building program Nampula Integrated Food Security Pebane Integrated Food Security Project UNDP Mine Clearance Project World Vision Nacaroa Water & Sanitation Namibia- ADS ACIAR- CIMMYT Risk management of Maize Africa ADS Pool- HIV Related Studies Africa Governance Fund Africa Program Development Africa PSU Africa small Activities Scheme (SAS) African Virtual University Project Commonwealth 2006 Sports Dev. Program Fistula Hospital- Rural Village poultry Newcastle disease in village poultry Southern African Drought appeal Seychelles- ADS AngliCORD Grahamstown Com Care HIV/AIDS APHEDA HIV Training for Rural Women APHEDA Workplace HIV Training Project Aust/Sth Africa Institutional Links Program AVI KwaZulu natal HIV/AIDS Out-reach HIV/AIDS Research Institutional Strengthening Dept Agric Local Governance Partnership SAS- Addressing gender Violence South- Africa- ADS |
600 873 459 413 25 020 154 364 89 808 155 615 98 525 375 063 182 677 217 173 498 969 182 677 109 998 83 722 198 049 512 215 407 381 482 363 149 806 17 348 352 256 1 602 503 1 942 192 133 733 287 592 96 957 116 941 301 562 0 406 519 50 689 845 163 508 604 166 642 275 342 20 000 1 903 834 1 743 866 2 418 29 680 77 206 30 831 71 888 122 665 133 804 1 106 789 1 390 001 354 655 989 157 |
1
329 478 155
615 1
554 896 109
998 6
266 116 116
941 6
222 222 2418 |
77623 6000 5000 408 64190 |
[1] Note that the time of writing non- humanitarian aid to
Zimbabwe had been suspended as part of a program of sanctions against te Mugabe
government.