National Council for Social Studies Standards:

II. Time, Continuity, and Change
III. Peoples, Places and Environments
IV. Individual Development and Identity
V. Individuals, Groups, and Institutions
VI. Power, Authority, and Governance
IX. Global Connections
X. Civic Ideals and Practices

Transferable Concepts/Links:


Human Rights, Culture and Civilization, Human Geography, Globalization, Conflict Resolution, Citizenship, Political Science, Patriotism/Patriot, Retaliation, Just Cause, Sociology, Nationalism, Preemptive Strike, Unilateral, Collateral Damage, International Cooperation, Collaboration, Civil Society, Humanitarian Agencies, NGOs (non-governmental organizations).

Course Connections:

Global Studies

Current Events

Geography

Economics

History

Social Studies

Equipment and Materials:

Television

Computer with access to the internet.

Graph for Activity One
'What's Going On?' - Conflict in Northern Ireland. Whether Catholic or Protestant, Northern Ireland's children suffer the effects of religious strife. In this episode, Meg Ryan helps tell their unhappy stories.

Convention on the Rights of the Child
http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu3/b/k2crc.htm

Activity 1:

1. Write the word 'Religion' on a large piece of paper or on the board. Ask students to think of everything they notice in everyday life that is connected with religion. Examples could include churches, synagogues, mosques, religious television shows, religious music, religious jewelry, etc.

2. Ask students what characteristics they notice about their communities that is reflected through religion in their society. Answers might be: diversity, freedom of choice, large populace identify with a single group, relationship between religion and politics.

3. Write the following questions on a graphed piece of paper (see attached for example - ADD LINK TO HANDOUT). Tell the students you will read a series of statements. First ask the students to raise their hands if they agree with the statements. Pause and ask the students who disagree with the statement to raise their hands. Pause and ask the students who are undecided to raise their hands. Remind the students that they can only chose one response per statement. Record student answers.

When the survey is finished tally the responses. Ask students why they voted the way they did. Invite comments and discussion about the activity.

Activity 2:

1. Ask students what they know about the conflict in Northern Ireland, the tensions between the two groups, and the reasons they have clashed violently in the past. Track responses on the board or on chart paper.

Give students a brief background on the conflict:

Geography

The roots of the conflict in Northern Ireland run very deep and go back hundreds of years. Ireland, which is predominantly Catholic, was ruled by England a Protestant country. A war for independence was very complex and violent. In fact, the famous U2 song "Sunday, Bloody Sunday," refers to a day during the Irish War of Independence (1920-1921), which led to the deaths of more than 30 people. Faced with a violent resistance, the British offered Ireland limited government. Eventually, six northeasterly counties where the Protestant minority was concentrated remained part of the United Kingdom. The remaining 26 counties gained independence as the Irish Free State and are known today as the Republic of Ireland. However, Northern Ireland continued to be torn by violence between the Catholic minority (45%) called "Nationalists" and the Protestant majority known as "Unionists." The Irish refer to this period of suffering as "The Troubles."

The conflict spread to the United Kingdom where the Irish Republican Army (IRA) bombed civilian targets and carried out assassinations. In 1972 the British Government shut down Northern Ireland's local parliament and ruled the region directly. Efforts to bring about peace culminated in the 1998 Belfast Agreement, which restored self-rule based on a power sharing arrangement between the Protestants and Catholics. Although centuries of hate are not so easily erased and tensions continue, the two communities are looking to the future, as peace brings increased prosperity.

http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761571415/Ireland_Northern.html
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/recent/troubles
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/nireland/timeline.htm
http://www.pcr.uu.se/database/conflictsummary.php?bcID=131
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/northern_ireland

Activity 3:

1. Hand out copies of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. In 1989, world leaders decided that children under 18 years of age often need special care that adults do not. The Convention is the first legally binding international instrument to incorporate a full range of human rights such as civil, cultural, economic, political and social rights for children.

The Convention is an international document negotiated by Member States at the United Nations. Every Member State of the United Nations has ratified (or adopted) the treaty except the United States and Somalia, who have only signed it.

The Convention offers a vision of the child as an individual and as a member of a family and community, with rights and responsibilities appropriate to his or her age and stage of development. By recognizing children's rights in this way, the Convention firmly sets the focus on the whole child.

Madeline Albright, the United States ambassador to the United Nations, signed the Convention in 1995. However, the United States Constitution requires that such documents receive a two-thirds approval by the Senate to be adopted. There are some articles in the Convention that the US Senate has yet to come to an agreement on.

Ask Students:
What is the difference between ratifying and signing a treaty?
Why do you think the United States has not adopted the Convention?

Answers can include:
a. Signing does not create a binding legal obligation but does demonstrate the State's intent to examine the treaty domestically and consider ratifying it. Ratification signifies an agreement by the state to be legally bound by the terms of the treaty.

b. Some US legislators feel that the provisions or certain articles of the Convention could interfere with the role of parents in their children's lives.

The Convention is the most widely supported international treaty because nations, organizations and individuals realize that the future of humanity is in the hands of our children.

2. Share these facts with your students:

http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu3/b/k2crc.htm

b. The Durban Conference of 2001 was held from 31 August until 8 September. The "World Conference against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance," dealt with unfair treatment of one group against another. http://www.un.org/works/campaigns/wcar1.htm

c. The Council of Europe signed the European Convention on Human Rights in 1950 that was successively amended. The Convention upholds the dignity, liberty of people irrespective of situations. Its reaffirms the profound belief in fundamental freedoms which are the foundation of justice and peace in the world and are best maintained on the one hand by an effective political democracy and on the other by a common understanding and observance of the human rights upon which they depend. http://www.hri.org/docs/ECHR50.html

d. The UK Human Rights Act is committed to furthering the rights and freedoms guaranteed under the European Convention on Human Rights and to make provision with respect to holders of certain judicial offices that become judges of the European Court of Human Rights. http://www.opsi.gov.uk/ACTS/acts1998/19980042.htm

5. Ask Students, should freedom of religion be an international human right? What are the arguments for securing it as an international human right? What might the counter arguments be?

Note to teacher: Students should hold onto their copies of the Convention for further use during other "What's Going On?" lesson plans. It is recommended that you have students use the following initials next to each article that is violated for each topic they learn about from the "What's Going On?" series. [Child Soldiers (CS), HIV/AIDS (AIDS), Refugees (RF), Child Labor (CL), Landmines (LM), Girl's Education (GED), Indigenous People (IP), Northern Ireland (NI), Poverty in America (PA), Street Children (SC).

Activity 4:

1. Screen the documentary What's Going On? Conflict in Northern Ireland. Whether Catholic or Protestant, Northern Ireland's children suffer the effects of religious strife. In this episode, Meg Ryan helps tell their unhappy stories.

2. Ask students to site the challenges Mark, Grace and Colin face. Ask students to respond emotionally to the experience of the young people in the film.

3. Ask students to imagine what it might be like to live as one of the characters in the film. What would their challenges and fears be?

Activity 5:

1. Write a response to the lesson's focus questions: Why should it be a global priority to prevent and help solve conflicts among religious and ethnic groups?

2. Have students read the personal stories of Mark, Grace and Colin. Ask students to respond to the question: What would you do if you were in these kid's situation?

3. Research and report on the work of NGO's that are working to promote tolerance. (See NGOs Below).

4. Students should be able to form their own groups and contribute to the global effort to promote tolerance. Divide students into groups of 3-5 and have them come up with the following:

1. A group name and logo.
   
2. The group's mandate and mission statement.
   
3. Long and short term goals for the group .
   
4. Other organizations to collaborate with .
   
5. Come up with a PR campaign to inform the school and public about their organization.
   

Learn More

Websites:

UN Works
http://www.un.org/works/campaigns/wcar1.htm

The Unlearning Intolerance Seminar Series
http://www.un.org/Pubs/chronicle/2005/webArticles/un_seminars2.html

CAIN Web Service
http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/


The Irish Times
http://www.ireland.com/


Northern Ireland Office
http://www.nio.gov.uk/index.htm


Northern Ireland: MSN Encarta
http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761571415/Northern_Ireland.html


BBC
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/recent/troubles/index.shtml


Belfast Exposed Photography
http://www.belfastexposed.com/


Belfast Riots video
http://encarta.msn.com/media_461546445/Belfast_Riots.html


The Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission
http://www.nihrc.org/


Articles

Ireland's Troubled History
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/nireland/overview.htm


Hope in Northern Ireland
http://www.pbs.org/wnet/religionandethics/week849/commentary.html


Northern Ireland's Peace Efforts
http://www.pbs.org/wnet/religionandethics/week103/cover.html


Breaking down the Enmity: Faith and Politics in the Northern Ireland Conflict. (book reviews): An article from: Journal of Ecumenical Studies
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00097U6WQ/sr=1-24/qid=1156282071/ref=sr_1_24/102-7197679-9674501?ie=UTF8&s=books


Guardian Unlimited Special Report: Northern Ireland
http://www.guardian.co.uk/Northern_Ireland


CNN.com: Conflict and Hope in Northern Ireland
http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2000/n.ireland/


The IRA and Sinn Fein
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/ira/


Disarming Northern Ireland
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/world/issues/northernireland/


Northern Ireland: Peace Process
http://observer.guardian.co.uk/nireland/


The Bitter Border
http://www.msnbc.com/news/536604.asp?0nm=N349&cp1=1


Books

Making Sense of the Troubles: The Story of the Conflict in Northern Ireland, David McKittzick and David McVea.


Northern Ireland: Conflict & Change, Jonathan Tonge.



Northern Ireland and the Divided World: The Northern Ireland Conflict and the Good Friday Agreement in Comparative Perspective, John McGarry.



Policing Northern Ireland: Conflict, Legitimacy and Reform, Aogan Mulcahy.



Northern Ireland: The Politics of War and Peace, Paul Dixon.



People Power: The Role of the Voluntary and Community Sector in the Northern Ireland Conflict, Feargal Cochrane and Seamus Dunn.



The Northern Ireland Conflict: Consociational Engagements, John McGarry and Brendan O'Leary.



Identity, Ideology and Conflict: The Structure of Politics in Northern Ireland, John Daniel Cash.



Caught in Crossfire: Children and the Northern Ireland Conflict, Ed Cairns.



New Perspectives on the Northern Ireland Conflict, Adrian Guelke.



Bell, J.Bowyer. (1993) The Irish Troubles: A Generation of Violence, 1967-1992. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan.

Coogan, Tim Pat. (1995) The Troubles: Ireland's Ordeal 1966-1996 and the Search for Peace. London: Hutchinson.

Holland, Jack. (1999) Hope Against History: The Ulster Conflict. London: Coronet

Lir Books.

McKittrick, David. (2000) Making Sense of the Troubles. Belfast: Blackstaff Press.

Boyle, Kevin., and Hadden, Tom. (1994) Northern Ireland: The Choice. London: Penguin Books.

Darby, John. (1997) Scorpions in a Bottle: Conflicting cultures in Northern Ireland. London: Minority Rights Publications.

Dunn, Seamus. (ed.) (1995) Facets of the Conflict In Northern Ireland. London: Macmillan Press Ltd.

Farrell, M. (1980) Northern Ireland: the Orange State. London: Pluto Press Ltd.

McCann, Eamonn. (1993) War and an Irish Town (3rd ed.). London: Pluto.

McGarry, John., and O'Leary, Brendan. (1995) Explaining Northern Ireland. Oxford: Blackwell.

McKay, Susan. (2000) Northern Protestants: An Unsettled People. Belfast: Blackstaff Press.

O Connor, Fionnuala. (1993) In Search of a State: Catholics in Northern Ireland. Belfast: Blackstaff Press.

O'Leary, Brendan., and McGarry, John. (1996) The Politics of Antagonism: Understanding Northern Ireland (2nd ed.). London: Athlone Press.

O'Malley, Padriag (1990) Northern Ireland: Questions of Nuance. Belfast: The Blackstaff Press.

O'Malley, Padriag (1997) The Uncivil Wars: Ireland Today. Boston: Beacon Press.

Whyte, John. (1991) Interpreting Northern Ireland. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Wright, Frank. (1992) Northern Ireland: A Comparative Analysis (2nd ed.). Dublin: Gill and Macmillan.

Bew, P., and Gillespie, G. (1999) Northern Ireland: A Chronology of the Troubles 1968-1999. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan.

Curley, Helen. (Ed.) (2000) Ireland Almanac and Yearbook of Facts 2000. Dublin: Local Ireland.

Dunn, Seamus., and Dawson, Helen. (2000) An Alphabetical Listing of Word, Name and Place in Northern Ireland and the Living Language of Conflict. Lampeter: The Edwin Mellen Press.

Elliott, S., and Flakes, W.D. (1999) Northern Ireland: A Political Directory 1968-1999 Belfast: Blackstaff Press.

Bryan, Dominic. (2000) Orange Parades: The Politics of Ritual, Tradition and Control. London: Pluto Press.

Cairns, E. (1987) Caught in the Crossfire: Children and the Northern Ireland conflict. Belfast: Appletree Press.

Ellison, Graham., and Smyth, Jim. (2000) The Crowned Harp: Policing Northern Ireland. London: Pluto Press.

Jarman, N. (1997) Material Conflicts: Parades and visual displays in Northern Ireland. Oxford: Berg.

McGarry, John., and O'Leary, Brendan. (1999) Policing Northern Ireland: Proposals for a New Start. Belfast: Blackstaff.

Miller, D. (1994) Don't Mention the War: Northern Ireland, Propaganda and the Media. London: Pluto Press.

Sales, Rosemary. (1997) Women Divided: Gender, Religion and Politics in Northern Ireland. London: Routledge.

Cox, Michael., Guelke, Adrian., and Stephen, Fiona. (Eds.) (2000) A farewell to arms?: From 'long war' to long peace in Northern Ireland. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Bew, P., and Gillespie, G. (1996) The Northern Ireland Peace Process 1993-1996: A Chronology. London: Serif

Darby, John., and Mac Ginty, Roger. (Eds.) (2000) The Management of Peace Processes. London: Macmillan Press Ltd.

Mallie, Eamonn., and McKittrick, David. (1996) The Fight for Peace: The Secret Story Behind the Irish Peace Process. London: Heinemann.

McKittrick, David. (1994) Endgame - The Search for Peace in Northern Ireland. Belfast: Blackstaff Press.

Mitchell, George (Senator). (1999) Making Peace. London: William Heinemann.

Rowan, Brian. (1995) Behind the Lines: The Story of the IRA and Loyalist Ceasefires. Belfast: Blackstaff Press.

Aughey, Arthur., and Morrow, Duncan. (eds.) (1996) Northern Ireland Politics. Harlow: Longman.

Bruce, Steve. (1994) The Edge of the Union: The Ulster Loyalist Political Vision. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Cochrane, F. (1997) Unionist Politics and the Politics of Unionism since the Anglo-Irish Agreement. Cork: Cork University Press.

Connolly, Michael. (1990) Politics and Policy Making in Northern Ireland. London: Philip Allan.

Lynn, Brendan. (1997) Holding the Ground: The Nationalist Party in Northern Ireland, 1945-1972. Aldershot: Ashgate.

Porter, Norman. (1996) Rethinking Unionism: An Alternative Vision for Northern Ireland. Belfast: Blackstaff Press.

Adams, Gerry. (1994) Selected Writings. Dingle: Brandon Books.

Adams, Gerry. (1995) Free Ireland: Towards a Lasting Peace (Previous ed. published as,
Politics of Irish Freedom). Dingle: Brandon Books.

Arthur, Paul., and Jeffery, Keith. (1996) Northern Ireland since 1968 (2nd edition). Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

Bell, J.Bowyer. (1990) IRA: Tactics and Targets. Dublin: Poolbeg.

Bew, P., Patterson, H., and Teague, Paul. (2000) Northern Ireland: Between War and Peace; The Political Future of Northern Ireland (2nd edition). London: Scarecrow.

Bew, Paul. Gibbon, Peter., and Patterson, Henry. (1996) Northern Ireland 1921-1996: Political Forces and Social Classes. London: Serif.

Bloomfield, D. (1998) Political Dialogue in Northern Ireland: the Brooke Initiative 1989-92. London: Macmillan Press.

Bloomfield, David. (1997) Peacemaking Strategies in Northern Ireland: Building Complementarity in Conflict Management Theory. Basingstoke: Macmillan.

Boyd, A. (1969) Holy War in Belfast. Dublin: Anvil Books.

Bryson, L., and McCartney, C. (1994) Clashing Symbols: A report on the use of flags, anthems and other national symbols in Northern Ireland. Belfast: The Institute of Irish Studies.

Darby, John. (1976) Conflict in Northern Ireland: The Development of' a Polarised Community. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan.

Darby, John. (1986) Intimidation and the Control of Conflict in Northern Ireland. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan.

De Paor, Liam. (1990) Unfinished Business: Ireland Today and Tomorrow. London: Hutchinson Radius.

Deutsch, R., and Magowan, V. (1973) Northern Ireland 1968-1973: A Chronology, of Events Vol. 1: 1968-1971. Belfast, Blackstaff Press.

Deutsch, R., and Magowan, V. (1974) Northern Ireland 1968-1973. A Chronology, of Events Vol. 2:1972-1973. Belfast, Blackstaff Press.

Deutsch, R., and Magowan, V. (1975) Northern Ireland 1968-1974: A Chronology, of
Events Vol. 3: 1974. Belfast: Blackstaff Press.

Dickson, Brice. (1997) Civil Liberties in Northern Ireland: The CAJ Handbook (3rd ed.).

Belfast: Committee on the Administration of Justice.

Dillon, Martin. (1991) The Dirty War, London: Arrow Books Ltd.

Dillon, Martin. (1993) Stone Cold. London: Arrow.

Dillon, Martin. (1998) God and the Gun: The Church and Irish Terrorism. London: Orion.

Downey, J. (1998) Lenihan: His Life and Loyalties. Dublin: New Island Books.

Hamber, Brandon. (Ed.) (1998) Past Imperfect: Dealing with the Past in Northern Ireland and Societies in Transition. Derry: INCORE / University of Ulster.

Hennessy, Thomas. (1998) History of Northern Ireland, 1920-1996. Dublin: Gill and MacMillan.

Jarman, N., and Bryan, D. (1996) Parade and Protest: A Discussion of Parading, Disputes in Northern Ireland. Coleraine: Centre for the Study of Conflict, University of Ulster.

Jarman, N., and Bryan, D. (1998) From Riots To Rights: Nationalist Parades in the, North of Ireland. Coleraine: Centre for the Study of Conflict, University of Ulster.

Jones, R. D., Kane, J. S., Wallace, R., Sloan, D., and Courtney, B. (1996) The Orange Citadel. A history of Orangeism in Portadown District. Portadown: Cultural Heritage Committee.

McElrath, Karen. (2000) Unsafe Haven: The United States, The IRA and Political Prisoners. London: Pluto Press.

Morgan, V., Dunn, S., Cairns, E., and Fraser, G. (1992) Breaking the Mould: The, Role of Parents and Teachers in the Integrated Schools in Northern Ireland. Coleraine: The Centre for the Study of Conflict University of Ulster.

Nelson, S. (1984) Ulster's Uncertain Defenders: Protestant Political, Paramilitary, and Community Groups and the Northern Ireland Conflict. Belfast: Appletree Press.

O'Day, A. (ed.) (1995) Terrorism 's Laboratory: The Case of Northern Ireland. Hants: Dartmouth Publishing Company Limited.

O'Dochartaigh, N. (1997) From Civil Rights to Armalites: Derry and the Birth of the Irish Troubles. Cork: Cork University Press.

O'Leary, Brendan. Lyne, Tyne. Marshall, Jim., and Rowthorn, Bob. (1993) Northern Ireland: Sharing Authority. London: Institute for Public Policy Research.

Outhwaite, W., and Bottomore, T. (Eds) (1993) The Blackwell Dictionary of Twentieth Century Social Thought. Blackwell Reference.

Parker, Tony. (1993) May the Lord in His Mercy Be Kind to Belfast. London: Cape.

Patterson, H. (1989) The Politics of Illusion: Republicanism and Socialism in Modern Ireland. London: Hutchinson Radius.

Porter, Norman. (Ed.) (1998) The Republican Ideal: Current Perspectives. Belfast: The Blackstaff Press.

Restorick, Rita. (2000) Death of a Soldier: A mother's search for peace. Belfast: Blackstaff Press.

Roiston, B. (1995) Drawing Support 2: Murals of War and Peace. Belfast: Beyond the Pale Publications.

Rolston, B., and Miller, D. (1996) War and Words: The Northern Ireland Media Reader. Belfast: Beyond the Pale Publications.

Rowthorn, Bob., and Wayne, Naomi. Northern Ireland: The Political Economy of Conflict. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Ruane, Joseph., and Todd, Jennifer. (1996) The Dynamics of Conflict in Northern Ireland: Power, Conflict and Emancipation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Seaton, Craig. (1998) Northern Ireland: The Context for Conflict and for Reconciliation. Maryland: University Press of America, Inc.

Shirlow, Peter., and McGovern, Mark. (1997) Who Are 'The People'? Unionism, Protestantism and Loyalism in Northern Ireland. London: Pluto Press.

Stewart, A T Q. (1997) Edward Carson. Belfast: Blackstaff.

Townshend, Charles. (1988) Consensus in Ireland: Approaches and Recessions. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Wichert, S. (1991) Northern Ireland Since 1945. London: Longman.

Wilson, Andrew J. (1995) Irish America and the Ulster Conflict, 1968-1995. Belfast: Blackstaff.

Wilson, Desmond. (1997) Democracy Denied. Cork: Mercier Press.

Wright, Frank. (1996) Two Lands on One Soil: Ulster Politics before Home Rule. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan.

Films:
A Prayer for the Dying (1988) Director: Mike Hodges
A Sense of Loss (1978) Director: Marcel Ophuls
Acceptable Levels (1983) Director: John Davies
Bloody Sunday (2001) Director: Paul Greengrass
Bogwoman (1999) Director: Tom Collins
H3 (2001) Director: Les Blair
Hidden Agenda (1990) Director: Ken Loach
High Boot Benny (1993) Director: Joe Comerford
Hostage (1984) Director: Aisling Walsh
Maeve (1981) Director: Pat Murphy
Mickybo and Me (2005) Director: Terry Loane
Resurrection Man (1997) Director: Marc Evans
The Boxer (1997) Director: Jim Sheridan
The Crying Game (1992) Director: Neil Jordan
The Devil's Own (1997) Director: Alan J. Pakula
Titanic Town (2000) Director: Roger Michell

Radio:

Northern Ireland Assembly, Working with Past Antagonists
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1007119
July 4, 1998 · Danny talks with two members of Northern Ireland's new Assembly, Alex Maskey of Sinn Fein, and Billy Hutchinson of the Progressive Unionist Party, about the inaugural session of the assembly and what it's like for past antagonists to work together for an Irish future.

N. Ireland, Push for Settlement
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1035831
April 9, 1998 · Robert talks with NPR's Michael Goldfarb, who is reporting from Stormont Castle in Belfast, where British and Irish prime ministers are making a
final push for a settlement of the Northern Ireland conflict.

Prisoners Released Under Terms of N. Ireland Peace Agreement
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1081189
August 26, 2000 · Host Jacki Lyden speaks with Suzanne Rogers of the Belfast Telegraph about new violence in Northern Ireland. Three people were killed this
week in attacks between rival Protestant militia groups. Prisoners released under terms of Northern Ireland's peace agreement are returning home, seeking a cut of the drug trade or simply vengeance.

Northern Irelans, Peace Threatened http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1054254

Ireland History
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1035296

Religious Conflict in North Ireland
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1076336


Ireland's Holy Wars
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1140074


Northern Ireland Leaders Win Noble Peace Prize
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1023852

Ireland Peace Process
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1050651

New N. Ireland Cabinet Holds First Meeting
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1067329

Disarmament Monitor: I.R.A. Weapons Destroyed
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4864376

IRA Apology
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1146769

The Future of the IRA
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4535775

Northern Ireland Accord
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1001574

Analysis: Summit President Bush and Prime Minister Tony Blair are Holding in Northern Ireland
http://www.npr.org/programs/morning/transcripts/2003/apr/
030407.poggioli.html

Irish Spy May Hurt N. Ireland Peace Process
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5061878