UNITED NATIONS
1999
International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism
Preamble
The States Parties to this Convention,
Bearing in mind the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United
Nations concerning the maintenance of international peace and security and the
promotion of good-neighbourliness and friendly relations and cooperation among
States,
Deeply concerned about the worldwide escalation of acts of terrorism in
all its forms and manifestations,
Recalling the Declaration on the Occasion of the Fiftieth Anniversary of
the United Nations, contained in General Assembly resolution 50/6 of 24 October
1995,
Recalling also all the relevant General Assembly resolutions on the matter,
including resolution 49/60 of 9 December 1994 and its annex on the Declaration
on Measures to Eliminate International Terrorism, in which the States Members
of the United Nations solemnly reaffirmed their unequivocal condemnation of
all acts, methods and practices of terrorism as criminal and unjustifiable,
wherever and by whomever committed, including those which jeopardize the friendly
relations among States and peoples and threaten the territorial integrity and
security of States,
Noting that the Declaration on Measures to Eliminate International Terrorism
also encouraged States to review urgently the scope of the existing international
legal provisions on the prevention, repression and elimination of terrorism
in all its forms and manifestations, with the aim of ensuring that there is
a comprehensive legal framework covering all aspects of the matter,
Recalling General Assembly resolution 51/210 of 17 December 1996, paragraph
3, subparagraph (f), in which the Assembly called upon all States to take steps
to prevent and counteract, through appropriate domestic measures, the financing
of terrorists and terrorist organizations, whether such financing is direct
or indirect through organizations which also have or claim to have charitable,
social or cultural goals or which are also engaged in unlawful activities such
as illicit arms trafficking, drug dealing and racketeering, including the exploitation
of persons for purposes of funding terrorist activities, and in particular to
consider, where appropriate, adopting regulatory measures to prevent and counteract
movements of funds suspected to be intended for terrorist purposes without impeding
in any way the freedom of legitimate capital movements and to intensify the
exchange of information concerning international movements of such funds,
Recalling also General Assembly resolution 52/165 of 15 December 1997, in
which the Assembly called upon States to consider, in particular, the implementation
of the measures set out in paragraphs 3 (a) to (f) of its resolution 51/210
of 17 December 1996,
Recalling further General Assembly resolution 53/108 of 8 December 1998,
in which the Assembly decided that the Ad Hoc Committee established by General
Assembly resolution 51/210 of 17 December 1996 should elaborate a draft international
convention for the suppression of terrorist financing to supplement related
existing international instruments,
Considering that the financing of terrorism is a matter of grave concern
to the international community as a whole,
Noting that the number and seriousness of acts of international terrorism
depend on the financing that terrorists may obtain,
Noting also that existing multilateral legal instruments do not expressly
address such financing,
Being convinced of the urgent need to enhance international cooperation
among States in devising and adopting effective measures for the prevention
of the financing of terrorism, as well as for its suppression through the prosecution
and punishment of its perpetrators,
Have agreed as follows:
Article 1
For the purposes of this Convention:
1.
"Funds" means assets of every kind, whether tangible or intangible, movable
or immovable, however acquired, and
legal documents or instruments in any form, including electronic or digital,
evidencing title to, or interest in, such
assets, including, but not limited to, bank credits, travellers cheques, bank
cheques, money orders, shares,
securities, bonds, drafts, letters of credit.
2.
"A State or governmental facility" means any permanent or temporary facility
or conveyance that is used or
occupied by representatives of a State, members of Government, the legislature
or the judiciary or by officials or
employees of a State or any other public authority or entity or by employees
or officials of an intergovernmental
organization in connection with their official duties.
3.
"Proceeds" means any funds derived from or obtained, directly or indirectly,
through the commission of an offence
set forth in article 2.
Article 2
1.
Any person commits an offence within the meaning of this Convention if that
person by any means, directly or
indirectly, unlawfully
and wilfully, provides or collects funds with the intention that they should
be used or in the
knowledge that
they are to be used, in full or in part, in order to carry out:
(a) An act which constitutes an offence within the scope
of and as defined in one of the treaties listed in the annex; or
(b) Any other act intended to cause death or serious
bodily injury to a civilian, or to any other person not taking an
active part in the hostilities in a situation of armed conflict, when the purpose
of such act, by its nature or
context, is to intimidate a population, or to compel a government or an international
organization to do or to
abstain from doing any act.
2.
(a) On depositing its instrument of ratification, acceptance,
approval or accession, a State Party which is not a party
to a treaty listed in the annex may declare that, in the application of this
Convention to the State Party, the treaty
shall be deemed not to be included in the annex referred to in paragraph 1,
subparagraph (a). The declaration
shall cease to have effect as soon as the treaty enters into force for the State
Party, which shall notify the
depositary of this fact;
(b) When a State Party ceases to be a party to a treaty
listed in the annex, it may make a declaration as provided
for this article, with respect to that treaty.
3.
For an act to constitute an offence set forth in paragraph 1, it shall not be
necessary that the funds were actually used
to carry
out an offence referred to in paragraph 1, subparagraphs (a) or (b).
4.
Any person also commits an offence if that person attempts to commit an offence
as set forth in paragraph 1 of this
article.
5.
Any person also commits an offence if that person:
(a) Participates as an accomplice in an offence as set
forth in paragraph 1 or 4 of this article;
(b) Organizes or directs others to commit an offence
as set forth in paragraph 1 or 4 of this article;
(c) Contributes to the commission of one or more offences
as set forth in paragraphs 1 or 4 of this article by a
group of persons acting with a common purpose. Such contribution shall be intentional
and shall either:
(i) Be made with the aim of furthering the criminal
activity or criminal purpose of the group, where such activity or
purpose involves the commission of an offence as set forth in paragraph 1 of
this article; or
(ii) Be made in the knowledge of the intention of the
group to commit an offence as set forth in paragraph 1 of this
article.
Article 3
This Convention shall not apply where the offence is committed within a single
State, the alleged offender is a national of that State and is present in the
territory of that State and no other State has a basis under article 7, paragraph
1, or article 7, paragraph 2, to exercise jurisdiction, except that the provisions
of articles 12 to 18 shall, as appropriate, apply in those cases.
Article 4
Each State Party shall adopt such measures as may be necessary:
(a) To establish as criminal offences under its domestic
law the offences set forth in article 2;
(b) To make those offences punishable by appropriate
penalties which take into account the grave nature of the
offences.
Article 5
1.
Each State Party, in accordance with its domestic legal principles, shall take
the necessary measures to enable a legal
entity located
in its territory or organized under its laws to be held liable when a person
responsible for the
management
or control of that legal entity has, in that capacity, committed an offence
set forth in article 2. Such
liability
may be criminal, civil or administrative.
2.
Such liability is incurred without prejudice to the criminal liability of individuals
having committed the offences.
3.
Each State Party shall ensure, in particular, that legal entities liable in
accordance with paragraph 1 above are subject
to
effective, proportionate and dissuasive criminal, civil or administrative sanctions.
Such sanctions may include
monetary
sanctions.
Article 6
Each State Party shall adopt such measures as may be necessary, including, where
appropriate, domestic legislation, to ensure that criminal acts within the scope
of this Convention are under no circumstances justifiable by considerations
of a political, philosophical, ideological, racial, ethnic, religious or other
similar nature.
Article 7
1.
Each State Party shall take such measures as may be necessary to establish its
jurisdiction over the offences set forth
in
article 2 when:
(a) The offence is committed in the territory of that
State;
(b) The offence is committed on board a vessel flying
the flag of that State or an aircraft registered under the laws of
that State at the time the offence is committed;
(c) The offence is committed by a national of that State.
2.
A State Party may also establish its jurisdiction over any such offence when:
(a) The offence was directed towards or resulted in
the carrying out of an offence referred to in article 2, paragraph
1, subparagraph (a) or (b), in the territory of or against a national of that
State;
(b) The offence was directed towards or resulted in
the carrying out of an offence referred to in article 2, paragraph
1, subparagraph (a) or (b), against a State or government facility of that State
abroad, including diplomatic or
consular premises of that State;
(c) The offence was directed towards or resulted in
an offence referred to in article 2, paragraph 1, subparagraph
(a) or (b), committed in an attempt to compel that State to do or abstain from
doing any act;
(d) The offence is committed by a stateless person who
has his or her habitual residence in the territory of that State;
(e) The offence is committed on board an aircraft which
is operated by the Government of that State.
3.
Upon ratifying, accepting, approving or acceding to this Convention, each State
Party shall notify the
Secretary-General
of the United Nations of the jurisdiction it has established in accordance with
paragraph 2. Should
any change
take place, the State Party concerned shall immediately notify the Secretary-General.
4.
Each State Party shall likewise take such measures as may be necessary to establish
its jurisdiction over the offences
set forth
in article 2 in cases where the alleged offender is present in its territory
and it does not extradite that person to
any of the
States Parties that have established their jurisdiction in accordance with paragraphs
1 or 2.
5.
When more than one State Party claims jurisdiction over the offences set forth
in article 2, the relevant States Parties
hall strive
to coordinate their actions appropriately, in particular concerning the conditions
for prosecution and the
modalities
for mutual legal assistance.
6.
Without prejudice to the norms of general international law, this Convention
does not exclude the exercise of any
criminal
jurisdiction established by a State Party in accordance with its domestic law.
Article 8
1.
Each State Party shall take appropriate measures, in accordance with its domestic
legal principles, for the
identification,
detection and freezing or seizure of any funds used or allocated for the purpose
of committing the
offences
set forth in article 2 as well as the proceeds derived from such offences, for
purposes of possible forfeiture.
2.
Each State Party shall take appropriate measures, in accordance with its domestic
legal principles, for the forfeiture of
funds used
or allocated for the purpose of committing the offences set forth in article
2 and the proceeds derived from
such offences.
3.
Each State Party concerned may give consideration to concluding agreements on
the sharing with other States Parties,
on a regular
or case-by-case basis, of the funds derived from the forfeitures referred to
in this article.
4.
Each State Party shall consider establishing mechanisms whereby the funds derived
from the forfeitures referred to in
this article
are utilized to compensate the victims of offences referred to in article 2,
paragraph 1, subparagraph (a) or
(b), or their
families.
5.
The provisions of this article shall be implemented without prejudice to the
rights of third parties acting in good faith.
Article 9
1.
Upon receiving information that a person who has committed or who is alleged
to have committed an offence set forth
in article
2 may be present in its territory, the State Party concerned shall take such
measures as may be necessary
under its
domestic law to investigate the facts contained in the information.
2.
Upon being satisfied that the circumstances so warrant, the State Party in whose
territory the offender or alleged
offender
is present shall take the appropriate measures under its domestic law so as
to ensure that person's presence
for the purpose
of prosecution or extradition.
3.
Any person regarding whom the measures referred to in paragraph 2 are being
taken shall be entitled to:
(a) Communicate without delay with the nearest appropriate
representative of the State of which that person is a
national or which is otherwise entitled to protect that person's rights or,
if that person is a stateless person, the
State in the territory of which that person habitually resides;
(b) Be visited by a representative of that State;
(c) Be informed of that person's rights under subparagraphs
(a) and (b).
4.
The rights referred to in paragraph 3 shall be exercised in conformity with
the laws and regulations of the State in the
territory
of which the offender or alleged offender is present, subject to the provision
that the said laws and regulations
must enable
full effect to be given to the purposes for which the rights accorded under
paragraph 3 are intended.
5.
The provisions of paragraphs 3 and 4 shall be without prejudice to the right
of any State Party having a claim to
jurisdiction
in accordance with article 7, paragraph 1, subparagraph (b), or paragraph 2,
subparagraph (b), to invite
the International
Committee of the Red Cross to communicate with and visit the alleged offender.
6.
When a State Party, pursuant to the present article, has taken a person into
custody, it shall immediately notify, directly
or through
the Secretary-General of the United Nations, the States Parties which have established
jurisdiction in
accordance
with article 7, paragraph 1 or 2, and, if it considers it advisable, any other
interested States Parties, of the
fact that
such person is in custody and of the circumstances which warrant that person's
detention. The State which
makes the
investigation contemplated in paragraph 1 shall promptly inform the said States
Parties of its findings and
shall indicate
whether it intends to exercise jurisdiction.
Article 10
1.
The State Party in the territory of which the alleged offender is present shall,
in cases to which article 7 applies, if it
does not
extradite that person, be obliged, without exception whatsoever and whether
or not the offence was
committed
in its territory, to submit the case without undue delay to its competent authorities
for the purpose of
prosecution,
through proceedings in accordance with the laws of that State. Those authorities
shall take their decision
in
the same manner as in the case of any other offence of a grave nature under
the law of that State.
2.
Whenever a State Party is permitted under its domestic law to extradite or otherwise
surrender one of its nationals
only
upon the condition that the person will be returned to that State to serve the
sentence imposed as a result of the
trial or
proceeding for which the extradition or surrender of the person was sought,
and this State and the State
seeking
the extradition of the person agree with this option and other terms they may
deem appropriate, such a
conditional
extradition or surrender shall be sufficient to discharge the obligation set
forth in paragraph 1.
Article 11
1.
The offences set forth in article 2 shall be deemed to be included as extraditable
offences in any extradition treaty
existing
between any of the States Parties before the entry into force of this Convention.
States Parties undertake to
include such
offences as extraditable offences in every extradition treaty to be subsequently
concluded between them.
2.
When a State Party which makes extradition conditional on the existence of a
treaty receives a request for extradition
from another
State Party with which it has no extradition treaty, the requested State Party
may, at its option, consider
this Convention
as a legal basis for extradition in respect of the offences set forth in article
2. Extradition shall be
subject to
the other conditions provided by the law of the requested State.
3.
States Parties which do not make extradition conditional on the existence of
a treaty shall recognize the offences set
forth in
article 2 as extraditable offences between themselves, subject to the conditions
provided by the law of the
requested
State.
4.
If necessary, the offences set forth in article 2 shall be treated, for the
purposes of extradition between States Parties,
as if they
had been committed not only in the place in which they occurred but also in
the territory of the States that
have established
jurisdiction in accordance with article 7, paragraphs 1 and 2.
5.
The provisions of all extradition treaties and arrangements between States Parties
with regard to offences set forth in
article 2
shall be deemed to be modified as between States Parties to the extent that
they are incompatible with this
Convention.
Article 12
1.
States Parties shall afford one another the greatest measure of assistance in
connection with criminal investigations or
criminal
or extradition proceedings in respect of the offences set forth in article 2,
including assistance in obtaining
evidence
in their possession necessary for the proceedings.
2.
States Parties may not refuse a request for mutual legal assistance on the ground
of bank secrecy.
3.
The requesting Party shall not transmit nor use information or evidence furnished
by the requested Party for
investigations,
prosecutions or proceedings other than those stated in the request without the
prior consent of the
requested
Party.
4.
Each State Party may give consideration to establishing mechanisms to share
with other States Parties information or
evidence
needed to establish criminal, civil or administrative liability pursuant to
article 5.
5.
States Parties shall carry out their obligations under paragraphs 1 and 2 in
conformity with any treaties or other
arrangements
on mutual legal assistance or information exchange that may exist between them.
In the absence of such
treaties
or arrangements, States Parties shall afford one another assistance in accordance
with their domestic law.
Article 13
None of the offences set forth in article 2 shall be regarded, for the purposes
of extradition or mutual legal assistance, as a fiscal offence. Accordingly,
States Parties may not refuse a request for extradition or for mutual legal
assistance on the sole ground that it concerns a fiscal offence.
Article 14
None of the offences set forth in article 2 shall be regarded for the purposes
of extradition or mutual legal assistance as a political offence or as an offence
connected with a political offence or as an offence inspired by political motives.
Accordingly, a request for extradition or for mutual legal assistance based
on such an offence may not be refused on the sole ground that it concerns a
political offence or an offence connected with a political offence or an offence
inspired by political motives.
Article 15
Nothing in this Convention shall be interpreted as imposing an obligation to
extradite or to afford mutual legal assistance, if the requested State Party
has substantial grounds for believing that the request for extradition for offences
set forth in article 2 or for mutual legal assistance with respect to such offences
has been made for the purpose of prosecuting or punishing a person on account
of that person's race, religion, nationality, ethnic origin or political opinion
or that compliance with the request would cause prejudice to that person's position
for any of these reasons.
Article 16
1.
A person who is being detained or is serving a sentence in the territory of
one State Party whose presence in another
State Party
is requested for purposes of identification, testimony or otherwise providing
assistance in obtaining
evidence
for the investigation or prosecution of offences set forth in article 2 may
be transferred if the following
conditions
are met:
(a) The person freely gives his or her informed consent;
(b) The competent authorities of both States agree,
subject to such conditions as those States may deem
appropriate.
2.
For the purposes of the present article:
(a) The State to which the person is transferred shall
have the authority and obligation to keep the person
transferred in custody, unless otherwise requested or authorized by the State
from which the person was
transferred;
(b) The State to which the person is transferred shall
without delay implement its obligation to return the person to
the custody of the State from which the person was transferred as agreed beforehand,
or as otherwise agreed,
by the competent authorities of both States;
(c) The State to which the person is transferred shall
not require the State from which the person was transferred to
initiate extradition proceedings for the return of the person;
(d) The person transferred shall receive credit for
service of the sentence being served in the State from which he or
she was transferred for time spent in the custody of the State to which he or
she was transferred.
3.
Unless the State Party from which a person is to be transferred in accordance
with the present article so agrees, that
person, whatever
his or her nationality, shall not be prosecuted or detained or subjected to
any other restriction of his
or her personal
liberty in the territory of the State to which that person is transferred in
respect of acts or convictions
anterior
to his or her departure from the territory of the State from which such person
was transferred.
Article 17
Any person who is taken into custody or regarding whom any other measures are
taken or proceedings are carried out pursuant to this Convention shall be guaranteed
fair treatment, including enjoyment of all rights and guarantees in conformity
with the law of the State in the territory of which that person is present and
applicable provisions of international law, including international human rights
law.
Article 18
1.
States Parties shall cooperate in the prevention of the offences set forth in
article 2 by taking all practicable measures,
inter
alia, by adapting their domestic legislation, if necessary, to prevent and
counter preparations in their respective
territories
for the commission of those offences within or outside their territories, including:
(a) Measures to prohibit in their territories illegal
activities of persons and organizations that knowingly encourage,
instigate, organize or engage in the commission of offences set forth in article
2;
(b) Measures requiring financial institutions and other
professions involved in financial transactions to utilize the most
efficient measures available for the identification of their usual or occasional
customers, as well as customers in
whose interest accounts are opened, and to pay special attention to unusual
or suspicious transactions and
report transactions suspected of stemming from a criminal activity. For this
purpose, States Parties shall
consider:
(i) Adopting regulations prohibiting the opening of
accounts the holders or beneficiaries of which are unidentified or
unidentifiable, and measures to ensure that such institutions verify the identity
of the real owners of such
transactions;
(ii) With respect to the identification of legal entities,
requiring financial institutions, when necessary, to take
measures to verify the legal existence and the structure of the customer by
obtaining, either from a public
register or from the customer or both, proof of incorporation, including information
concerning the customer's
name, legal form, address, directors and provisions regulating the power to
bind the entity;
(iii) Adopting regulations imposing on financial
institutions the obligation to report promptly to the competent
authorities all complex, unusual large transactions and unusual patterns of
transactions, which have no apparent
economic or obviously lawful purpose, without fear of assuming criminal or civil
liability for breach of any
restriction on disclosure of information if they report their suspicions in
good faith;
(iv) Requiring financial institutions to maintain, for
at least five years, all necessary records on transactions, both
domestic or international.
2.
States Parties shall further cooperate in the prevention of offences set forth
in article 2 by considering:
(a) Measures for the supervision, including, for example,
the licensing, of all money-transmission agencies;
(b) Feasible measures to detect or monitor the physical
cross-border transportation of cash and bearer negotiable
instruments, subject to strict safeguards to ensure proper use of information
and without impeding in any way
the freedom of capital movements.
3.
States Parties shall further cooperate in the prevention of the offences set
forth in article 2 by exchanging accurate and
erified information
in accordance with their domestic law and coordinating administrative and other
measures taken, as
appropriate,
to prevent the commission of offences set forth in article 2, in particular
by:
(a) Establishing and maintaining channels of communication
between their competent agencies and services to
facilitate the secure and rapid exchange of information concerning all aspects
of offences set forth in article 2;
(b) Cooperating with one another in conducting inquiries,
with respect to the offences set forth in article 2,
concerning:
(i) The identity, whereabouts and activities of persons
in respect of whom reasonable suspicion exists that they are
involved in such offences;
(ii) The movement of funds relating to the commission
of such offences.
4.
States Parties may exchange information through the International Criminal Police
Organization (Interpol).
Article 19
The State Party where the alleged offender is prosecuted shall, in accordance
with its domestic law or applicable procedures, communicate the final outcome
of the proceedings to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who shall
transmit the information to the other States Parties.
Article 20
The States Parties shall carry out their obligations under this Convention in
a manner consistent with the principles of sovereign equality and territorial
integrity of States and that of non-intervention in the domestic affairs of
other States.
Article 21
Nothing in this Convention shall affect other rights, obligations and responsibilities
of States and individuals under international law, in particular the purposes
of the Charter of the United Nations, international humanitarian law and other
relevant conventions.
Article 22
Nothing in this Convention entitles a State Party to undertake in the territory
of another State Party the exercise of jurisdiction or performance of functions
which are exclusively reserved for the authorities of that other State Party
by its domestic law.
Article 23
1.
The annex may be amended by the addition of relevant treaties that:
(a) Are open to the participation of all States;
(b) Have entered into force;
(c) Have been ratified, accepted, approved or acceded
to by at least twenty-two States Parties to the present
Convention.
2.
After the entry into force of this Convention, any State Party may propose such
an amendment. Any proposal for an
amendment
shall be communicated to the depositary in written form. The depositary shall
notify proposals that meet
the requirements
of paragraph 1 to all States Parties and seek their views on whether the proposed
amendment should
be adopted.
3.
The proposed amendment shall be deemed adopted unless one third of the States
Parties object to it by a written
notification
not later than 180 days after its circulation.
4.
The adopted amendment to the annex shall enter into force 30 days after the
deposit of the twenty-second instrument
of ratification,
acceptance or approval of such amendment for all those States Parties having
deposited such an
instrument.
For each State Party ratifying, accepting or approving the amendment after the
deposit of the
twenty-second
instrument, the amendment shall enter into force on the thirtieth day after
deposit by such State Party of
its instrument
of ratification, acceptance or approval.
Article 24
1.
Any dispute between two or more States Parties concerning the interpretation
or application of this Convention which
cannot be
settled through negotiation within a reasonable time shall, at the request of
one of them, be submitted to
arbitration.
If, within six months from the date of the request for arbitration, the parties
are unable to agree on the
organization
of the arbitration, any one of those parties may refer the dispute to the International
Court of Justice, by
application,
in conformity with the Statute of the Court.
2.
Each State may at the time of signature, ratification, acceptance or approval
of this Convention or accession thereto
declare that
it does not consider itself bound by paragraph 1. The other States Parties shall
not be bound by
paragraph
1 with respect to any State Party which has made such a reservation.
3.
Any State which has made a reservation in accordance with paragraph 2 may at
any time withdraw that reservation by
notification
to the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
Article 25
1.
This Convention shall be open for signature by all States from 10 January 2000
to 31 December 2001 at United
Nations Headquarters
in New York.
2.
This Convention is subject to ratification, acceptance or approval. The instruments
of ratification, acceptance or
approval
shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
3.
This Convention shall be open to accession by any State. The instruments of
accession shall be deposited with the
Secretary-General
of the United Nations.
Article 26
1.
This Convention shall enter into force on the thirtieth day following the date
of the deposit of the twenty-second
instrument
of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession with the Secretary-General
of the United Nations.
2.
For each State ratifying, accepting, approving or acceding to the Convention
after the deposit of the twenty-second
instrument
of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, the Convention shall enter
into force on the thirtieth day
after deposit
by such State of its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.
Article 27
1.
Any State Party may denounce this Convention by written notification to the
Secretary-General of the United Nations.
2.
Denunciation shall take effect one year following the date on which notification
is received by the Secretary-General of
the United
Nations.
Article 28
The original of this Convention, of which the Arabic, Chinese, English, French,
Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited with the
Secretary-General of the United Nations who shall send certified copies thereof
to all States.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned, being duly authorized thereto by their
respective Governments, have signed this Convention, opened for signature at
United Nations Headquarters in New York on 10 January 2000.
Annex
1.
Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft, done at The
Hague on 16 December 1970.
2.
Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Civil
Aviation, done at Montreal on
23 September
1971.
3.
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Crimes against Internationally
Protected Persons, including
Diplomatic
Agents, adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 14 December
1973.
4.
International Convention against the Taking of Hostages, adopted by the General
Assembly of the United Nations on
17 December
1979.
5.
Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material, adopted at Vienna
on 3 March 1980.
6.
Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts of Violence at Airports Serving
International Civil Aviation,
supplementary
to the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of
Civil Aviation, done at
Montreal
on 24 February 1988.
7.
Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Maritime
Navigation, done at Rome on
10 March
1988.
8.
Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Fixed Platforms
located on the Continental Shelf,
done at Rome
on 10 March 1988.
9.
International Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings, adopted
by the General Assembly of the United
Nations on
15 December 1997.