Policy analysis featureThe World Economy at the Beginning of 1998
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Policy analysis feature The World Economy at the Beginning of 1998
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| 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997b | 1998c | |
| All developed economies | 6.6 | 6.1 | 6.0 | 6.7 | 7.4 | 8.1 | 7.9 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.4 | 7 |
| Major industrialized countries | 6.1 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 6.3 | 6.8 | 7.2 | 7.1 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6.7 | 6½ |
| Canada | 7.7 | 7.5 | 8.1 | 10.2 | 11.3 | 11.2 | 10.4 | 9.5 | 9.7 | 9.3 | 9 |
| France | 9.8 | 9.3 | 9.0 | 9.5 | 10.4 | 11.7 | 12.3 | 11.7 | 12.4 | 12.5 | 12¼ |
| Germanyc | 6.2 | 5.6 | 4.9 | 4.2 | 4.6 | 7.9 | 8.4 | 8.2 | 8.9 | 9.6 | 9½ |
| Italy | 10.9 | 10.9 | 10.3 | 9.8 | 10.5 | 10.3 | 11.4 | 11.9 | 12.0 | 12.2 | 11¾ |
| Japan | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3½ |
| United Kingdom | 8.6 | 7.2 | 6.9 | 8.8 | 10.1 | 10.5 | 9.6 | 8.8 | 8.2 | 7.0 | 6¼ |
| United states | 5.4 | 5.2 | 5.5 | 6.8 | 7.3 | 6.9 | 6.1 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 5.0 | 4¾ |
| Other industrialized countries | 9.3 | 8.4 | 8.1 | 8.9 | 10.1 | 12.1 | 12.3 | 11.6 | 11.4 | 10.9 | 10½ |
| Australia | 7.2 | 6.1 | 6.9 | 9.5 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 9.7 | 8.5 | 8.6 | 8.5 | 8¼ |
| Austriad | 5.4 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 6.8 | 6.5 | 6.6 | 7.0 | 7.6 | 7½ |
| Belgium | 9.7 | 8.0 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.7 | 8.9 | 10.0 | 9.9 | 9.8 | 9.6 | 9¼ |
| Denmark | 8.6 | 9.3 | 9.6 | 10.5 | 11.2 | 10.1 | 8.2 | 7.2 | 6.9 | 6.3 | 6 |
| Finland | 4.5 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 7.5 | 13.0 | 17.9 | 17.4 | 16.2 | 15.3 | 14.4 | 12½ |
| Greeced | 7.7 | 7.5 | 7.0 | 7.7 | 8.7 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 10.0 | 10.3 | 10.0 | 9¾ |
| Icelandd | 0.6 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 3.1 | 4.4 | 4.8 | 5.0 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 4¼ |
| Ireland | 16.3 | 14.7 | 13.4 | 14.7 | 15.5 | 15.6 | 14.3 | 12.3 | 11.6 | 10.4 | 10 |
| Luxembourgd | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 2.1 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2¼ |
| Maltad | 4.0 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 4.5 | 4.0 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 4.4 | 4½ |
| Netherlands | 9.2 | 8.3 | 7.5 | 7.0 | 5.6 | 6.6 | 7.1 | 6.9 | 6.3 | 5.6 | 5 |
| New Zealand | 5.6 | 7.1 | 7.8 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 9.5 | 8.1 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 6.4 | 6¼ |
| Norway | 3.2 | 4.9 | 5.2 | 5.5 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 5.4 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.0 | 3¼ |
| Portugal | 5.7 | 5.0 | 4.6 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 5.7 | 7.0 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.0 | 7 |
| Spain | 19.1 | 16.9 | 15.9 | 16.0 | 18.1 | 22.8 | 24.1 | 22.9 | 22.1 | 20.6 | 20 |
| Sweden | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 2.7 | 5.8 | 9.5 | 9.8 | 9.2 | 10.0 | 10.3 | 9½ |
| Switzerlandd | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 2.5 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 4.2 | 4.7 | 5.5 | 5¼ |
| Memo items: | |||||||||||
| Western Europe | 9.1 | 8.3 | 7.7 | 8.0 | 8.9 | 10.7 | 11.0 | 10.6 | 10.8 | 10.6 | 10¼ |
| European Union (15) | 9.4 | 8.5 | 7.9 | 8.2 | 9.1 | 10.9 | 11.2 | 10.9 | 11.0 | 10.8 | 10½ |
| Other | 1.6 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 3.7 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 5.0 | 4½ |
a For the seven countries shown and ten others, unemployment data are
standardized by OECD for comparability among countries and over time, in
conformity with the definitions of the International Labour Office (see
OECD, Standardized Unemployment Rates: Sources and Methods (Paris, 1985));
national definitons and estimates are used for other countries.
b Preliminary estimates.
c Forecast, partly based on Project LINK.
d Prior to January 1993, data refer to Western Germany only.
e Not standardized. National definitions and estimates are used.
Copyright © United Nations
29 December 1997