Gross national income per capita
Human Asset Index
Economic Vulnerability Index

Gross national income (GNI) per capita

GNI per capita is equal to the gross domestic product (GDP) less primary incomes payable to non-resident units plus primary incomes receivable from non-resident units. Values are expressed in current United States dollars, calculated according to the World Bank Atlas method and reflect an unweighted average of three years (2000, 2001 and 2002 for the 2006 triennial review).

• Data sources: the main source is the World Bank data base (available at http://siteresources.worldbank.org/DATASTATISTICS/Resources/OGHIST.xls). Estimates of GNI per capita for countries not reported in World Bank sources are calculated with available data from the Statistics Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNSTAT), also using the Atlas method.

Human Assets Index (HAI)

Percentage of population undernourished

Indicates the prevalence of undernourishment in total population, that is to say, proportion of the population whose dietary consumption continuously fall below an established minimum dietary energy requirement for maintaining a healthy life and carrying out a light physical activity.

• Data Source: United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), Food Security Statistics, available at http://www.fao.org/faostat/foodsecurity/index_en.htm
  

Under five mortality rate

Probability of dying between birth and exact age 5. It is expressed as deaths per 1,000 births.

• Data sources: Population Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, World Population Prospects database available at http://esa.un.org/unpp/ and http://unstats.un.org/unsd/cdb/ (Common database).
  

Gross secondary school enrolment ratio

Number of pupils enrolled in secondary schools, regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the population in the theoretical age group for the same level of education.

• Data sources: UNESCO Institute of Statistics (available at http://www.uis.unesco.org (Education Section). Estimates for countries not reported by UNESCO sources were obtained from: World Bank, World Development Indicators Database; UNDP, Pacific Human Development Report (various issues); Asian Development Bank, Key Indicators 2005 (available at: http://www.adb.org/documents/books/key_indicators/2005/default.asp).
  

Adult literacy rate

Number of literate persons aged fifteen and above, expressed as a percentage of the total population aged fifteen and above. A person is considered literate if he/she can read and write with understanding a simple statement related to his/her daily life.

• Data sources: UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Literacy and non-Formal Education Section, Youth (15-24) and Adult (15+) Literacy Rates by Country and by Gender for 2002-2004, August 2005 Assessment (available at http://www.uis.unesco.org/TEMPLATE/html/Exceltables/education/
  Literacy_National_August2005.xls). For countries not reported by UNESCO, information was obtained from the United Nations Statistics Division databases available at http://unstats.un.org/unsd/databases.htm
  

Economic Vulnerability Index (EVI)

Population

De facto population in a country as of 1 July of the year indicated.

• Data source: Population Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, available at http://unstats.un.org/unsd/cdb (Common Database).
  

Remoteness (location index)

• Data sources: Centre for Study and Research for International Development (CERDI) of the University of Clermont-Ferrand, France.
  

Merchandise export concentration

The numbers are Hirschmann indexes derived from 239 three-digit SITC, Revision 2 product categories.

• Sources of data: UNCTAD, Handbook of International Trade and Development Statistics (various issues). Hirschmann indices are estimated with data from UNSTAT for countries where data from the UNCTAD source are not available.
  

Share of agriculture, forestry and fisheries in GDP

The statistical series "agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing as percentages of GDP" is generated from national accounts value added at current prices (in United States dollars).

• Sources of data: United Nations Statistics Division, United Nations National Accounts Main Aggregates Database (available at http://unstats.un.org/unsd/snaama/selectionbasicFast.asp)
  

Homelessness due to natural disasters

Homelessness is defined as "people needing immediate assistance for shelter after a natural disaster", where a disaster is defined as "a situation or event, which overwhelms local capacity, necessitating a request to national or international level for external assistance; an unforeseen and often sudden event that causes great damage, destruction and human suffering". The statistical series used in the calculations is the "number of homeless due to natural disasters during the period 1990-2004" expressed as a percentage of population in 1997. For countries with missing data, available data on the total number of persons affected by natural disasters were used to estimate the homelessness.

• Sources of data: Emergency Disasters Database (EM-DAT), which is maintained by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED), available at http://www.em-dat.net/
  

Instability of agricultural production

• Sources of data: United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). The agricultural production data are published by FAO for the period 1979-2004 as a volume index with 1999-2001=100 (available at http://faostat.fao.org/site/339/default.aspx).

Instability of exports of goods and services

Compiled from data on the value of merchandise exports (in current United States dollars expressed as index numbers) deflated by an index of import unit values. The result approximates a measure commonly referred to as the purchasing power of exports, which is an indicator of the country's capacity to import goods and services from current export earnings. The instability index is calculated by regression of a trend equation for exports (deflated by import unit values) and using the standard error of the regression as the indicator of instability.

• Sources of data: IMF, Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook or International Financial Statistics Yearbook. Supplementary sources for export data are IMF, Direction of Trade Statistics and the COMTRADE data base of UNSTAT.Import unit values are obtained from the UNSTAT's Monthly Bulletin of Statistics.