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Decision-Making: Coordinating Bodies
Decision-making in Syria is the responsibility of the Ministries of Environment, Economy, Finance, Agriculture, Irrigation, Industry, Information, Justice, and Planning; Remote Sensing; the Scientific Research Center and the Information Center.
Decision-Making: Strategies, Policies, and Plans
In order to integrate environment and development in decision-making, Syria concentrates on the following activities:
This information is based on Syria's submission to the 5th Session of the Commission on Sustainable Development, April 1997. Last update: 1 April 1997.
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No information available.
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In the strategy of the Ministry of Environment, there is a plan
to build their capacity and use it as much as possible in raising public
awareness and sharing in minimizing negative impacts on the environment.
The Union also has a plan to establish a Friend of the Environment Community
in 1997.
The goal set in Agenda 21 of ensuring
that by year 2000 more than 50% of youth -- gender balanced -- have access
to appropriate secondary education or vocational training will be reached
by the year 2000.
Decision-Making: Major Group Involvement
The role of children and youth in the national Agenda 21 process is advisory and on an ad hoc basis.
Status
In Syria, there are about 1.25 million youths organized in Thoura Youth Union.
This information is based on Syria's submission to the 5th Session
of the Commission on Sustainable Development, April 1997. Last update:
1 April 1997.
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INDIGENOUS PEOPLE
Decision-Making: Major Group Involvement
In Syria, indigenous people are involved in decision-making through
local administration: they have representatives in the Executive Councils
of the Governorates. They act as advisers in national policies on ad hoc
basis and are fully involved in resource management strategies and programmes
at the national and local level.
This information is based on Syria's submission to the 5th Session
of the Commission on Sustainable Development, April 1997. Last update:
1 April 1997.
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NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS
Decision-Making: Major Group Involvement
Mechanisms already exist, and inputs from NGOs such as union organizations,
vocational syndicates, and associations are considered important in the
conception, establishment and evaluation of official mechanisms to review
Agenda 21 implementation.
This information is based on Syria's submission to the 5th Session
of the Commission on Sustainable Development, April 1997. Last update:
1 April 1997.
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LOCAL AUTHORITIES
Decision-Making: Strategies, Policies, and Plans
The Government supports local agenda 21 initiatives.
Decision-Making: Major Group Involvement
Youth
and women's unions are represented in the Consultative Committee set up
for implementing Agenda 21 in Syria.
This information is based on Syria's submission to the 5th Session
of the Commission on Sustainable Development, April 1997. Last update:
1 April 1997.
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BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY
Decision-Making: Strategies, Policies, and Plans
There are governmental policies both encouraging the reuse and reduction
of waste per unit and requiring recycling. A treatment plant for tanneries
and for industrial liquid waste has been built.
This information is based on Syria's submission to the 5th Session
of the Commission on Sustainable Development, April 1997. Last update:
1 April 1997.
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The scientific community has already established ways in which to address
the general public and deal with sustainable development. The Environmental
Research Center has been established.
This information is based on Syria's submission to the 5th Session
of the Commission on Sustainable Development, April 1997. Last update:
1 April 1997.
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There are plans to increase farmers' awareness and participation through
farmers' unions. Particular attention will be paid to the ways in which
pesticides and fertilizers are used and to protecting natural resources
by using efficient irrigation systems.
This information is based on Syria's submission to the 5th Session
of the Commission on Sustainable Development, April 1997. Last update:
1 April 1997.
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Constraints
There is much national expertise, but the inability to keep qualified persons in Syria for financial reasons causes a lack of experience in some fields.
Research and Technologies
Research is done by the Universities in Syria, and in 1996, 150 million s.p. was earmarked for scientific research. Some of this research can be done for the promotion of sustainable development and as guides for preventing environmental degradation. The final assessment for these research activities (e.g., in number, qualities, areas), has not yet been specified.
This information is based on Syria's submission to the 5th Session
of the Commission on Sustainable Development, April 1997. Last update:
1 April 1997.
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<Availability of sustainable development information at the national level>
| Agenda 21 Chapters | Very good | Good | Some good data but many gaps | Poor | |
| 2 | International cooperation and trade | ||||
| 3 | Combating poverty | X | |||
| 4 | Changing consumption patterns | X | |||
| 5 | Demographic dynamics and sustainability | X | |||
| 6 | Human health | X | X | ||
| 7 | Human settlements | X | |||
| 8 | Integrating E & D in decision-making | X | |||
| 9 | Protection of the atmosphere | X | |||
| 10 | Integrated planning and management of land | X | |||
| 11 | Combating deforestation | X | |||
| 12 | Combating desertification and drought | X | |||
| 13 | Sustainable mountain development | ||||
| 14 | Sustainable agriculture and rural development | X | |||
| 15 | Conservation of biological diversity | X | |||
| 16 | Biotechnology | X | |||
| 17 | Oceans, seas, coastal areas and their living | X | |||
| 18 | Freshwater resources | X | |||
| 19 | Toxic chemicals | X | |||
| 20 | Hazardous wastes | X | |||
| 21 | Solid wastes | X | |||
| 22 | Radioactive wastes | X | |||
| 24 | Women in sustainable development | X | |||
| 25 | Children and youth | X | |||
| 26 | Indigenous people | ||||
| 27 | Non-governmental organizations | X | |||
| 28 | Local authorities | X | |||
| 29 | Workers and trade unions | X | |||
| 30 | Business and industry | X | |||
| 31 | Scientific and technological community | X | |||
| 32 | Farmers | X | |||
| 33 | Financial resources and mechanisms | X | |||
| 34 | Technology, cooperation and capacity-building | X | |||
| 35 | Science for sustainable development | X | |||
| 36 | Education, public awareness and training | ||||
| 37 | International cooperation for capacity-building | X | |||
| 38 | International institutional arrangements | X | |||
| 39 | International legal instruments | ||||
| 40 | Information for decision-making | X | |||
This information is based on Syria's submission to the 5th Session
of the Commission on Sustainable Development, April 1997. Last update:
1 April 1997.
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Information is not available.
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