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Decision-Making: Coordinating Bodies
The Ministry of Environment, Urban Affairs, Forestry and Wildlife, and Energy Conservation is responsible for environmental issues. In 1992, the Sustainable Development Policy Institute was created as an independent policy research institute in order to supervise and monitor the National Conservation Strategy.
The Pakistan Environmental Protection Council (PEPC) was set up in accordance with the legislation of 1983. The major functions of the Council include enforcement of the 1983 Ordinance and formulation of comprehensive national environmental policy. The PEPC has recommended creating a Pakistan Environmental Fund and an Environmental Bank. The PEPC is also responsible for setting up pressure groups and environmental clubs at workplaces and factories, in order to raise awareness and improve the environment.
There is a Standing Expert Advisory Committee in charge of regularly up-dating the NESQ.
Decision-Making: Legislation and Regulations
Pakistan has prepared a draft National Environmental Act, which is to replace the Pakistan Environmental Protection Ordinance of 1983. This draft was prepared after consultations with more than 5000 individuals, organizations and groups including, trade and industry, environmental experts and NGOs. It has been submitted to the Cabinet for approval and is likely to be passed by the Parliament soon.
Every proponent of a project, the construction or completion of which is likely to have an adverse affect on the environment, has to submit at the time of planning an Environmental Impact Assessment to the concerned Environmental Protection Agency in the Province, confirming that the project will comply with the National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS).
Standards
to establish a charge on polluters
and to introduce self-monitoring systems were to be introduced by
the 1st of July 1996. Such standards now exist for industrial
and municipal effluents, and for motor exhaust and noise.
Decision-Making: Strategies, Policies and Plans
Pakistan has a fully developed National Conservation Strategy (NCS), which was approved by the Government on 1 March, 1992.The NCS works on a ten- year planning and implementation cycle. The current cycle is 1992-2001. The NCS deals with 14 core issues, which are:
Based on the experience of the National Conservation Strategy,
policies are being redirected at
institutional strengthening and human resource development,
especially at the local and provincial level.
Decision-Making: Major Groups Involvement
No information is available.
Programmes and Projects
No information is available.
Status
In order to test the NEQS
for effective implementation, the
Government has set up a Central Laboratory for Environmental
Analysis (CLEAN). Companies within
the Pharmaceutical, Chemical, Tanner and Textile industries have
been approached to assess the status of
compliance to the NEQS.
Challenges
No information is available.
Capacity-building, Education, Training and Awareness-raising
A mass-awareness
campaign about NEQS has been launched.
Information
No information is available.
Research and Technologies
No information is available.
Financing
No information is available.
Cooperation
The NEQS, which have received assistance from the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA), are meant as a vehicle for protection of the environment.
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This information is based on Pakistan's submission to the 5th Session of the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development, April 1997. Last update: 1 April 1997
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WOMEN
Decision-Making: Coordinating Bodies
A permanent Ministry for Women's Development has been established and is responsible for training and education as well as the implementation of projects.
Decision Making: Legislation and Regulations
No information is available.
Decision-Making: Strategies, Policies and Plans
No information is available.
Decision-Making: Major Groups involvement
There are
hundreds of women's organizations in
Pakistan. However, in the rural areas there is no network among
NGOs focusing on women's issues.
Programmes and Projects
No information is available.
Status
Pakistan has acknowledged that a higher
level of development for and
contribution from women is a precondition for achieving broad-based
sustainable development. Family planning is receiving increased governmental attention
because the population growth rate is
considered both a hindrance to growth and a threat to
sustainability. The active participation of women is
being accentuated in this process.
Challenges
No information is available.
Capacity-building, Education, Training and Awareness-raising
No information is available.
Information
No information is available.
Research and Technologies
No information is available.
Financing
No information is available.
Cooperation
The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women was ratified on 12 March 1996.
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This information is based on Pakistan's submission to the 5th Session of the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development, April 1997. Last update: 1 April 1997
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CHILDREN AND YOUTH
There is no information in this topic for Pakistan.
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INDIGENOUS PEOPLE
There is no information in this topic for Pakistan.
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NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS
Decision-Making: Coordinating Bodies
No information is available.
Decision-Making: Legislation and Regulations
No information is available.
Decision-Making: Strategies, Policies and Plans
The National Conservation Strategy is
based on the early warning and
awareness-building facilities that the NGOs provide.
Decision-Making: Major Groups Involvement
The most prominent NGO in Pakistan is the IUCN of Pakistan which
helped the Government finalize the
draft Pakistan Environmental Act of 1996.
Programmes and Projects
No information is available.
Status
In Pakistan, there are thousands of NGOs, hundreds of which are involved in environmental issues. However the assistance of the NGOs to the Government is appreciated and considered productive.
Challenges
Unfortunately, the
NGOs are poorly developed and
relatively ineffective.
Capacity-building, Education, Training and Awareness-raising
Some NGOs are
involved in the promotion of education,
mass awareness and the empowerment of women.
Information
No information is available.
Research and Technologies
No information is available.
Financing
The Ministry of Environment, Urban Affairs, Forestry and Wildlife allocates around Rs. 30 million annually to NGOs for undertaking small-scale projects. In 1995-1996, some 147 projects carried out by 141 NGOs were financially assisted (Rs. 22.3 million) by the Government. This allocation is being handled by a Committee which also approves the NGOs and their projects and is receiving financial aid from the Global Environmental Facility (GEF).
Cooperation
No information is available.
* * *
This information
is based on Pakistan's submission to the 5th Session of the United
Nations Commission on Sustainable
Development, April 1997. Last update: 1 April 1997.
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LOCAL AUTHORITIES
Decision-Making: Coordinating Bodies
The implementation of projects related to Agenda 21 issues is very much the responsibility of Provincial Governments. Therefore, it is fair to say that strengthening of authority at this level goes hand in hand with the promotion of sustainable development in Pakistan.
Decision-Making: Legislation and Regulations
No information is available.
Decision-Making: Strategies, Policies and Plans
No information available
Decision-Making: Major Groups Involvement
No information available
Programmes and Projects
Pakistan has initiated cross-sectoral projects which will enhance capacity regarding infrastructure, collecting and managing solid waste data, as well as other services for ten urban areas.
Status
No information available
Challenges
No information available
Capacity-building, Education, Training
and Awareness-raising
The Provinces of Punjab and Sindh are planning projects which will contribute to increased public awareness and educational training.
Information
No information available
Research and Technologies
No information available
Financing
No information available
Cooperation
The Provinces of
Punjab and Sindh are planning projects
which will contribute to increased public awareness and educational
training. Some of them will be
funded by the Asian Development Bank and the World Bank.
* * *
This information is based on Pakistan's submission to the 5th
Session of the United Nations
Commission on Sustainable Development, April 1997. Last update: 1
April 1997
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WORKERS AND UNIONS
There is no information in this topic for Pakistan.
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BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY
Decision-Making: Coordinating Bodies
No information is available.
Decision-Making: Legislation and Regulations
No information is available.
Decision-Making: Strategies, Policies and Plans
No concrete action has been taken in this area. However, recommendations towards the promotion of cleaner industrial production, general recycling, waste trading networks, businesses etc. are all part of the National Conservation Strategy. The Government has developed a strategy to tackle the issue. The crux of the strategy is private public partnerships for the promotion of cleaner production.
Decision-Making: Major Groups Involvement
No information is available.
Programmes and Projects
A number of projects encouraging the concept of stewardship in management and use of natural resources have been launched in the public and private sectors. Some of the major projects include a tannery pollution control project in Kaur, Korang; a pollution control project in Karachi; development of a textile processing industrial estate Faisalabad; and an environmental technology programme for industry (ETPI).
Status
No information is available.
Challenges
No information is available.
Capacity-building, Education, Training and Awareness-raising
No information is available.
Information
No information is available.
Research and Technologies
No information is available.
Financing
No information is available.
Cooperation
The Government is grateful for the support of the following international organizations: UNIDO, UNDP, UNEP, JICA, NORAD, and CIDA.
* * *
This information is based on Pakistan's submission to the 5th
Session of the United Nations
Commission on Sustainable Development, April 1997. Last update: 1
April 1997.
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SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL COMMUNITY
Decision-Making: Coordinating Bodies
The National Scientific and Technological councils and associations are widening their membership. These organizations have launched various programmes for the benefit of the general public.
Decision-Making: Legislation and Regulations
No information is available.
Decision-Making: Strategies, Policies and Plans
No information is available.
Decision-Making: Major Groups Involvement
No information is available.
Programmes and Projects
No information is available.
Status
No information is available.
Challenges
No information is
available.
Capacity-building, Education, Training and Awareness-raising
No information is available.
Information
No information is
available.
Research and Technologies
No information is available.
Financing
No information is available.
Cooperation
No information is available.
* * *
This information is based on Pakistan's submission to the 5th
Session of the United Nations
Commission on Sustainable Development, April 1997. Last update: 1
April 1997
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FARMERS
Decision-Making: Coordinating Bodies
No information is available.
Decision-Making: Legislation and Regulations
No information is available.
Decision-Making: Strategies, Policies and Plans
No information is available.
Decision-Making: Major Groups Involvement
No information is available.
Programmes and Projects
Various projects and programmes are in
operation whereby farmers are being
encouraged to apply sustainable farming practices.
Status
Pakistan, being an agriculture-based country, is fully aware of
the significance of sustainable
development practices.
Challenges
No information is available.
Capacity-building, Education, Training and Awareness-raising
No information is available.
Information
No information is available.
Research and Technologies
No information is available.
Financing
No information is available.
Cooperation
No information is available.
* * *
This
information is based on Pakistan's submission to the 5th Session of
the United Nations Commission on
Sustainable Development, April 1997. Last update: 1 April 1997.
No information is available.
No information is available.
Decision-Making: Strategies, Policies and Plans
No information is available.
Decision-Making: Major Groups Involvement
No information is available.
Programmes and Projects
No information is available.
Status
Science for sustainable development is at an early stage, which is reflected in its weak capacity features. For example, the science sector is not involved in decision-making at any level. It has not been given the attention that Agenda 21 calls for, in terms of increasing the number of scientists, nor the number of women being trained as scientists.
Challenges
In addition to the
lack of promoting more scientific
personnel, Pakistan has a serious problem with brain-drain to other
countries.
Capacity-building, Education, Training and Awareness-raising
No information is available.
Information
No information is available.
Research and Technologies
No information is available.
Financing
No information is available.
Cooperation
No information is available.
*
* *
This information is based on Pakistan's submission to the 5th
Session of the United Nations
Commission on Sustainable Development, April 1997. Last update: 1
April 1997
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For a direct link to Pakistan's Web Site for the Sustainable Development Networking Programme, click here: || to link to UNDP's Web Site for the Sustainable Development Networking Programme in Pakistan, click here:
This information is based on Pakistan's submission to the 5th
Session of the United Nations
Commission on Sustainable Development, April 1997. Last update: 1
April 1997
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