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Economic Aspects | Natural Resource Aspects | Institutional Aspects | Social Aspects |Egypt
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Decision-Making: Coordinating Bodies
No information is available.
Decision-Making: Legislation and Regulations
No information is available.
Decision-Making: Strategies, Policies and Plans
No information is available.
Decision-Making: Major Groups Involvement
No information is available.
Programmes and ProjectsThe Egyptian Environment Affairs Agency has been a partner in a number of projects aimed at developing environmental cost efficient techniques to assist communities in improved resource management and utilization. The Agency also assists indigenous populations and victims of natural disasters.
Status
During the 1980s, real GNP per capita grew at an annual rate of about 2.5 per cent. During that time, Egypt enjoyed a remarkable stability in the distribution of income, with a high-income quantile to a low-income quantile ratio of 5.7. Nevertheless, almost one-third of the population--about 19 million people--live below the poverty line.
Challenges
No information is available.
Capacity-building, Education, Training and Awareness-raising
No information is available.
Information
No information is available.
Research and Technologies
No information is available.
Financing
No information is available.
Cooperation
No information is available.
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This information is based on Egypt's submission to the 5th Session of the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development, April 1997. Last update: 1 April 1997
For Egypt's Social Fund for Development, click here.
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The Population Council is the main body responsible for population policy in Egypt.
Decision-Making: Legislation and Regulations
No information available.
Decision-Making: Strategies, Policies and Plans
No information available.
Decision-Making: Major Groups involvement
No information available.
Status
The Governments view regarding population growth as well as fertility level was that both were too high; the Government has intervened to lower the growth rate, which dropped from 5.3 per woman in 1980 to 3.9 in 1992. In 1993 total population was 56.5 million; population density was 56 people per square kilometer.
Challenges
No information is available.
Capacity-building, Education, Training and Awareness-raising
No information is available.
Information
No information is available.
Research and Technologies
No information is available.
Financing
No information is available.
Cooperation
No information is available.
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This information is based on Egypt's submission to the 5th Session of the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development, April 1997. Last update: 1 April 1997
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The Ministry of Health and Egyptian Environment Affairs Agency are responsible for health issues in Egypt.
Decision-Making: Legislation and Regulations
No information available.
Decision-Making: Strategies, Policies and Plans
No information available.
Decision-Making: Major Groups involvement
No information available.
Status
Egypt has a relatively well-established network of health facilities in rural and urban areas. It was one of the first countries in the area to create a comprehensive, nation-wide health system. However, despite some recent improvements in the incidence rates of some diseases and a high health-manpower/population ratio, most health indicators lag behind the standard prevailing in many developing countries.
Challenges
The major health problems include endemic diseases such as gastro-intestinal diseases, diarrhoeal diseases, anemia, trachoma and chronic infections and parasitic diseases. These problems are mainly a function of poverty, an unsanitary environment, the inappropriate distribution of health resources among the various regions and socio-economic groups and limited government resources. While potable water is available to almost all the urban population, unsanitary disposal of liquid and solid wastes and inadequate personal hygiene are still major sources for dissemination and prevalence of infectious diseases.
The health system is largely curative and physician-oriented despite the fact that the major health problems are endemic and amenable to preventive--rather than curative--action. Hospitals absorb almost two-thirds of the Ministry of Health budget, while primary health care receives 25 per cent and preventive services only 12 per cent of the budget. The financial distribution of this budget is also urban-oriented.
Capacity-building, Education, Training and Awareness-raising
No information available.
Information
No information available.
Research and Technologies
Financing
No information available.
Cooperation
No information available.
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This information is based on Egypt's submission to the 5th Session of the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development, April 1997. Last update: April 1997
For information on HealthNet, click here for
the national Web Site of Egypt:
Click here to go to the Health and health-related
statistical information from the World Health Organization.
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No information available.
Decision-Making: Legislation and Regulations
No information available.
Decision-Making: Strategies, Policies and Plans
The Egyptian Government has developed an Educational and Awareness Strategy to
complement all initiatives towards improving the environment.
Decision-Making: Major Groups involvement
Egypt encourages NGO involvement in its environmental education work. Three NGO
representatives serve on the Board of EEAA, and the government cooperates with NGOs in
other activities, including several training programs developed specifically for NGOs.
Programmes and Projects
It has reoriented school
curricula toward environmental protection, implemented an Environment Education and
Training Program, and established an Environmental Auditing Program to improve school
environments.
Status
No information available.
Challenges
No information available.
Capacity-building, Education, Training and Awareness-raising
The Government has sought to increase public awareness by establishing several media programs established during the past 5 years, developing an environmental journal and Green Message for journalist, and implementing an environmental awareness campaign to enforce Law No. 4 of 1994.
Egypt has developed more than 60 training programs for line ministers and organized
more than 120 workshops for several environmental bodies (decision-makers - local
environmental bodies, etc.), in the area of environment and development.
Information
No information available.
Research and Technologies
No information available.
Financing
No information available.
Cooperation
These efforts are supported by several countries and international agencies, including DANIDA, CIDA, ODA and USAID.
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This information is based on Egypt's submission to the 5th Session of the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development, April 1997. Last update: 1 April 1997
For
educational organizations in the field of environment, click here.
For multimedia public
awareness-raising programmes, click here. (Under construction)
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The following ministries and bodies are engaged in human settlement issues: Ministry of Housing and New Communities, Egyptian Environment Affairs Agency, Ministry of Planning, and the Ministry of Public Works.
Decision-Making: Legislation and Regulations
No information available.
Decision-Making: Strategies, Policies and Plans
Water supply and sanitation are priority target areas for action. Strategies for
potable water supply and municipal waste water treatment are currently being developed,
taking regional characteristics into consideration.
Decision-Making: Major Groups involvement
No information available.
Programmes and Projects
No information available.
Status
Substantial efforts have been made to address pollution from domestic sewage. Fifty waste water treatment plants have been constructed throughout the country; another 50 are in various stages of completion. Solid waste management systems, addressing regions with different conditions, are being developed.
Challenges
The Government of Egypt is also taking serious action towards tackling the problem of
random housing settlements.
Capacity-building, Education, Training and Awareness-raising
No information available.
Information
No information available.
Research and Technologies
No information available.
Financing
No information available.
Cooperation
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This information is based on Egypt's submission to the 5th Session of the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development, April 1997. Last update: April 1997
Click here to access "BEST PRACTICES FOR HUMAN SETTLEMENTS: AFRICA"
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access "BEST PRACTICES FOR HUMAN SETTLEMENTS: MIDDLE EAST" For information related to human settlements
and refugees, you may access the UNHCR Country Index by clicking here:
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