| United Nations | A/RES/36/172 |
General Assembly
Distr. GENERAL
17 December 1981
ORIGINAL:
ENGLISH
A/RES/36/172
17 December 1981
Policies of apartheid of the Government of South Africa
A
Situation in South Africa
The General Assembly,
Having considered the reports of the Special Committee against
Apartheid,
Reaffirming that apartheid is a crime against humanity and a
threat to international peace and security,
Recognizing the contribution of the struggle for freedom and
equality in South Africa to the purposes of the United Nations,
Conscious of the responsibility of the United Nations and the
international community towards the oppressed people of South Africa
and their national liberation movement, as proclaimed, in
particular, in General Assembly resolution 3411 C (XXX) of 28
November 1975,
Convinced that it is incumbent on the international community
to provide all necessary assistance to the oppressed people of South
Africa and their national liberation movement in their legitimate
struggle for the establishment of a democratic society in accordance
with their inalienable rights, as set forth in the Charter of the
United Nations and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,
Welcoming with great satisfaction the growing mobilization of
world public opinion and of all segments of the oppressed people of
South Africa against apartheid,
Commending, in particular, the courageous struggle of the black
workers of South Africa for their legitimate rights,
Commending the liberation movements, particularly the African
National Congress of South Africa, and the oppressed people of South
Africa for intensifying the armed struggle against the racist regime,
Paying tribute to all those who have sacrificed their lives in
the struggle for freedom and human dignity in South Africa,
Reaffirming that the apartheid regime is totally responsible
for precipitating violent conflict through its policy of apartheid
and inhuman repression,
Gravely concerned at the intensification of repression in South
Africa and the imposition of death sentences on six freedom fighters
of the African National Congress of South Africa, namely, Mr.
Johannes Shabangu, Mr. Anthony Tsotsobe, Mr. David Moise, Mr.
Ncimbithi Johnson Lubisi, Mr. Naphtali Manana and Mr. Petrus Tsepo
Mashingo,
Reaffirming that freedom fighters of South Africa are entitled
to prisoner-of-war status under Additional Protocol I to the Geneva
Conventions of 1949,
Denouncing the policy of "bantustanization" designed to deprive
the African majority of citizenship and to further dispossess it of
its inalienable rights, as well as the continuing forced removals of
millions of black people, as an international crime,
Recognizing that apartheid cannot be reformed but must be
totally eliminated,
Noting with indignation the recent vetoing by the Western
permanent members of the Security Council of proposals to impose
mandatory sanctions against the apartheid regime of South Africa,
Concerned that some Western countries and Israel continue to
provide military supplies to South Africa, directly and indirectly,
in gross violation of the provisions of Security Council resolution
418 (1977) of 4 November 1977 forbidding the supply of arms and all
related materiel to the apartheid regime,
Reaffirming that the policies and actions of the apartheid
regime, the strengthening of its military forces and its escalating
acts of aggression, subversion and terrorism against independent
African States have resulted in frequent breaches of the peace and
constitute a grave threat to international peace and security,
Recognizing the urgent need for increased humanitarian and
educational assistance to the oppressed people of South Africa, as
well as direct assistance to the national liberation movement in its
legitimate struggle,
Taking note of Economic and Social Council resolution 1981/54
of 22 July 1981 on implementation of the Declaration on the Granting
of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples and assistance to
the oppressed people of South Africa and their national liberation
movement by the specialized agencies and the international
institutions associated with the United Nations,
Recalling and reaffirming the Declaration on South Africa
contained in its resolution 34/93 O of 12 December 1979,
Endorsing the Paris Declaration on Sanctions against South
Africa, adopted by the International Conference on Sanctions
against South Africa, held in Paris from 20 to 27 May 1981, as well
as the declarations of international seminars organized by the
Special Committee against Apartheid in 1981,
Emphasizing the conclusion of the Paris Declaration that the
continuing political, economic and military collaboration of certain
Western States and their transnational corporations with the racist
regime of South Africa encourages its persistent intransigence and
defiance of the international community and constitutes a major
obstacle to the elimination of the inhuman and criminal system of
apartheid in South Africa and the attainment of self-determination,
freedom and national independence by the people of
Namibia,
Considering that the acquisition of nuclear capability by the
apartheid regime constitutes a grave menace to Africa and the world,
Condemning all military, nuclear and other collaboration by
certain Western States and Israel with South Africa,
Condemning also the collaboration by transnational corporations
and financial institutions with South Africa,
1. Strongly condemns the apartheid regime of South Africa
for its burtal repression and indiscriminate torture and killings of
workers, schoolchildren and other opponents of apartheid, and the
imposition of death sentences on freedom fighters;
2. Vehemently condemns the apartheid regime for its repeated
acts of aggression, subversion and terrorism against independent
African States, designed to destabilize the whole of southern Africa;
3. Reiterates its firm conviction that the apartheid regime
has been encouraged to undertake these criminal acts by the
protection afforded by major Western Powers against international
sanctions and especially by the pronouncements, policies and actions
of the Government of the United States of America;
4. Condemns, in particular, the actions of those States,
especially the major trading partners of South Africa, which have
increased their political, economic and military relations with the
racist regime of South Africa despite repeated appeals by the
General Assembly;
5. Further condemns those transnational corporations,
financial institutions and other organizations which collaborate
with the racist regime and apartheid institutions in South Africa;
6. Reaffirms its conviction that comprehensive and mandatory
sanctions under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
universally applied, are the most appropriate and effective means by
which the international community can assist the legitimate struggle
of the oppressed people of South Africa and discharge its
responsibilities for the maintenance of international peace and
security;
7. Urges the Security Council to determine that the
situation in South Africa, and in southern Africa as a whole,
resulting from the policies and actions of the apartheid regime of
South Africa constitutes a grave and growing threat to international
peace and security and to impose comprehensive and mandatory
sanctions against that regime under Chapter VII of the Charter;
8. Deplores the action of the Western permanent members of
the Security Council in vetoing proposals for mandatory and
comprehensive sanctions against South Africa and calls upon them to
co-operate in effective action for the elimination of apartheid;
9. Denounces the proclamation of the so-called
"independence" of the Ciskei on 4 December 1981;
10. Again calls upon all States and organizations to refrain
from any recognition of or co-operation with the so-called
"independent" bantustans;
11. Calls upon all States, in particular the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the United States of America,
the Federal Republic of Germany, France and Israel to take urgent,
effective measures to terminate all collaboration with South Africa
in the political, diplomatic, economic, trade, military, nuclear and
other fields in accordance with the relevant resolutions of the
United Nations;
12. Appeals to all States which have not yet done so to
accede to the International Convention on the Suppression and
Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid;
13. Reaffirms the legitimacy of the struggle of the oppressed
people of South Africa and their national liberation movement, by
all available means including armed struggle, for the seizure of
power by the people, the elimination of the apartheid regime and the
exercise of the right of self-determination by the people of South
Africa as a whole;
14. Demands that the apartheid regime treat captured freedom
fighters as prisoners of war under the Geneva Conventions of 1949
and Additional Protocol I thereto;
15. Again proclaims its full support of the national
liberation movement of South Africa as the authentic representative
of the South African people in their just struggle for liberation;
16. Appeals to all States to provide all necessary
humanitarian, educational, financial and other necessary assistance
to the oppressed people of South Africa and their national
liberation movement in their legitimate struggle;
17. Urges the United Nations Development Programme and other
agencies of the United Nations system to expand their assistance to
the oppressed people of South Africa and to the South African
liberation movements recognized by the Organization of African
Unity, namely, the African National Congress of South Africa and the
Pan Africanist Congress of Azania, in consultation with the Special
Committee against Apartheid;
18. Decides to continue the authorization of adequate
financial provision in the budget of the United Nations to enable
those liberation movements to maintain offices in New York in order
to participate effectively in the deliberations of the Special
Committee and other appropriate bodies;
19. Extends its greetings to the African National Congress of
South Africa on its seventieth anniversary;
20. Requests Governments and organizations to co-operate with
the Special Committee in publicizing the national liberation
struggle in South Africa, its legitimate objectives and its wider
significance;
21. Reaffirms the commitment of the United Nations to the
total eradication of apartheid and the establishment of a democratic
society in which all the people of South Africa as a whole,
irrespective of race, colour, sex or creed, will enjoy equal and
full human rights and fundamental freedoms and participate freely in
the determination of their destiny.
B
International Year of Mobilization for Sanctions against South Africa
The General Assembly,
Having considered the report of the International Conference on
Sanctions against South Africa, held in Paris from 20 to 27 May
1981,
Recognizing that the Paris Declaration on Sanctions against
South Africa, adopted by the Conference, provides the framework for
effective international action for the elimination of apartheid and
for averting the growing threat to international peace and security,
Recognizing the need to promote maximum support for the
implementation of the Paris Declaration,
Having considered the special report of the Special Committee
against Apartheid on the International Year of Mobilization for
Sanctions against South Africa,
Having further considered resolution CM/Res.865 (XXXVII)
adopted by the Council of Ministers of the Organization of African
Unity at its thirty-seventh ordinary session, held at Nairobi from
15 to 26 June 1981,
1. Endorses the Paris Declaration on Sanctions against South
Africa and commends it to the attention of all Governments and
organizations;
2. Proclaims 1982 as the International Year of Mobilization
for Sanctions against South Africa;
3. Endorses the programme for the Year recommended by the
Special Committee against Apartheid in its special report;
4. Requests the Special Committee to take all appropriate
action to promote the widest and most effective observance of the
Year;
5. Invites all Governments, intergovernmental and
non-governmental organizations and institutions to participate
effectively in the observance of the Year in co-operation with the
United Nations;
6. Requests the Secretary-General to encourage the widest
possible observance of the Year and to provide all necessary
assistance to the Special Committee in the discharge of its
responsibilities.
C
Acts of aggression by the apartheid regime against Angola
and other independent African States
The General Assembly,
Having considered the report of the Special Committee against
Apartheid,
Gravely concerned at the explosive situation in southern Africa
resulting from the policies and actions of the apartheid regime of
South Africa,
Condemning the continuing acts of aggression committed by the
apartheid regime against independent African States, in particular
its raid on Matola, Mozambique, in January 1981, its large-scale
invasion of Angola since July 1981, and its recent invasion of
Seychelles on 25 November 1981,
Noting with grave concern that the Security Council was unable
on 13 August 1981, owing to the veto by the United States of
America, to adopt a resolution condemning the unprovoked and massive
armed aggression of South Africa against Angola,
Commending the Government and people of Angola, as well as the
Governments and peoples of other front-line States, for their
sacrifices in the cause of the liberation of South Africa and
Namibia,
Recognizing that the apartheid regime of South Africa is guilty
of repeated breaches of the peace and acts of aggression which
constitute an ever-growing threat to international peace and
security,
Condemning any encouragement to the apartheid regime in its
acts of aggression, direct or indirect, as hostile to the interests
of peace and freedom,
Commending all States which have provided assistance to Angola
and other front-line States in accordance with relevant resolutions
of the United Nations,
1. Condemns the unprovoked acts of aggression committed by
the racist regime of South Africa against Angola, Seychelles and
other independent African States;
2. Urges the Security Council to adopt effective measures,
under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations, to prevent
the breaches of peace and acts of aggression by the apartheid
regime, and thereby avert the grave threat to international peace
and security;
3. Demands the immediate and unconditional withdrawal of all
troops of the apartheid regime of South Africa from Angola and
demands that South Africa respect fully the independence,
sovereignty and territorial integrity of Angola and other States;
4. Further demands that the Government of South Africa pay
full compensation to Angola for the damage to life and property
caused by its acts of aggression;
5. Calls upon all States and intergovernmental and
non-governmental organizations to provide moral and material support
to the Government and people of Angola and other independent African
States subjected to acts of aggression, subversion and terrorism by
the apartheid regime;
6. Requests the Special Committee against Apartheid to
publicize the criminal acts of aggression, subversion and terrorism
by the apartheid regime and to promote moral and material support to
Angola and other front-line States.
D
Comprehensive and mandatory sanctions against South Africa
The General Assembly,
Recalling and reaffirming its resolution 35/206 C of 16
December 1980,
Having considered the reports of the Special Committee against
Apartheid,
Recognizing that comprehensive and mandatory sanctions under
Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations are essential to
avert the grave threat to international peace and security resulting
from the policies and actions of the apartheid regime of South
Africa,
Considering that political, economic, military and any other
collaboration with the apartheid regime of South Africa encourages
its persistent intransigence and defiance of the international
community and its escalating acts of repression and aggression,
Deploring the attitude of those Western permanent members of
the Security Council which have so far prevented the Council from
adopting comprehensive sanctions against that regime under Chapter
VII of the Charter,
Further deploring the attitude of those States, in particular
the United States of America, the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Northern Ireland, the Federal Republic of Germany and Israel,
which have continued and increased their political, military,
economic and other collaboration with South Africa,
Strongly condemning the activities of those transnational
corporations which continue to collaborate with the apartheid
regime, especially in the military, nuclear, petroleum and other
fields, and of those financial institutions which have continued to
provide loans and credits to South Africa,
Deploring the policies of those States which refuse to take
firm action against transnational corporations and financial
institutions within their jurisdiction to prevent them from
collaborating with the apartheid regime,
Commending the efforts of trade unions, religious institutions,
student organizations and anti-apartheid movements in their
campaigns against transnational corporations and financial
institutions collaborating with the racist regime of South Africa,
Taking into account the relevant decisions adopted by the
Conference of Ministers for Foreign Affairs of Non-Aligned Countries
held at New Delhi from 9 to 13 February 1981 and by the Assembly of
Heads of State and Government of the Organization of African Unity
at its eighteenth ordinary session, held at Nairobi from 24 to 27
June 1981,
Having considered the declarations and reports of commissions
of the International Conference on Sanctions against South Africa,
as well as the declarations of the international seminars organized
by the Special Committee,
1. Endorses the declarations of the International Conference
on Sanctions against South Africa as well as the reports of its
Political and Technical Commissions, and the declarations of the
international seminars organized by the Special Committee against
Apartheid;
2. Also endorses the recommendations of the Seminar on
Effective Measures to Prevent Transnational Corporations and Other
Established Interests from Collaborating with the Racist Regime of
South Africa, held at Geneva from 29 June to 3 July 1981;
3. Requests the Security Council urgently to consider the
above declarations and reports with a view to the imposition of
comprehensive and mandatory sanctions against the apartheid regime
of South Africa under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United
Nations;
4. Condemns the continuing economic and other collaboration
by certain Western and other States in particular the United States
of America, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern
Ireland, the Federal Republic of Germany and Israel, with the racist
regime of South Africa;
5. Commends all Governments which have taken action to break
off, or to refrain from, any relations with the apartheid regime of
South Africa;
6. Urges all States which have not yet done so to adopt
separate and collective measures for comprehensive sanctions against
South Africa, pending action by the Security Council;
7. Calls upon all Governments which have not yet done so:
(a) To sever diplomatic, military, nuclear, economic,
cultural, academic, sports and other relations with the
apartheid regime of South Africa;
(b) To implement scrupulously the arms embargo against South
Africa and prohibit all forms of nuclear collaboration
with South Africa;
(c) To cease all direct and indirect trade and commercial
transactions with, as well as loans to and investments
in, South Africa;
(d) To terminate all government promotion of, assistance or
facilities to trade with and investment in South Africa;
(e) To prohibit the sale of krugerrands;
(f) To prohibit within their jurisdiction collaboration by
corporations and individuals with the racist regime of
South Africa;
(g) To cease any facilities to airlines and shipping lines of
South Africa and to prevent their national airlines and
shipping companies from providing services to and from
South Africa;
(h) To deny visas and other facilities to South African
athletes, artists, entertainers and academic
personalities and effectively to prevent their nationals
from having cultural, academic and sporting contacts with
South Africa;
8. Again requests States members of the European Economic
Community, the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, as
well as parties to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, to
take the necessary steps to deny all assistance and commercial or
other facilities to the racist regime of South Africa;
9. Expresses serious concern that the International Monetary
Fund and the World Bank have not taken steps to terminate loans and
credits to South Africa and to suspend South Africa from membership;
10. Requests the Secretary-General to undertake urgent
consultations with the International Monetary Fund and the World
Bank in order to persuade them to respect repeated resolutions of
the United Nations on collaboration with the apartheid regime of
South Africa and to report to the General Assembly at its
thirty-seventh session;
11. Requests the Secretary-General, as well as all agencies
and organizations of the United Nations system:
(a) To withhold any facilities from, or investment of any
funds in, banks, financial institutions and corporations
which continue to give loans to or invest in South Africa;
(b) To refrain from any purchase of South African products,
directly or indirectly;
(c) To deny any contracts or facilities to transnational
corporations and financial institutions collaborating
with South Africa;
(d) To prohibit any official travel by South African Airways
or South African shipping lines;
12. Requests and authorizes the Special Committee against
Apartheid:
(a) To continue and intensify its campaign to achieve
world-wide support for comprehensive and mandatory
sanctions against the racist regime of South Africa;
(b) To strengthen its co-operation with trade unions and
other organizations to promote effective sanctions
against South Africa;
(c) To publicize the activities of transnational
corporations, financial institutions and other interests
collaborating with the apartheid regime of South Africa;
(d) To organize conferences and seminars, and to arrange for
studies and publications, on all aspects of sanctions
against South Africa and the continuing collaboration
with South Africa by Governments, corporations and other
interests;
13. Invites all Governments, parliaments, non-governmental
organizations, anti-apartheid and solidarity movements, trade
unions, religious bodies and other groups to promote comprehensive
sanctions against South Africa in co-operation with the Special
Committee.
E
Military and nuclear collaboration with South Africa
The General Assembly,
Reaffirming its resolutions on military and nuclear
collaboration with South Africa, in particular its resolution 35/206
B of 16 December 1980,
Recalling Security Council resolutions 418 (1977) of 4 November
1977, 421 (1977) of 9 December 1977 and 473 (1980) of 13 June 1980,
Recalling also its resolutions concerning the denuclearization
of the continent of Africa,
Having considered the reports of the Special Committee against
Apartheid and of the International Conference on Sanctions against
South Africa, held in Paris from 20 to 27 May 1981,
Gravely concerned that the racist regime of South Africa has
continued to obtain military equipment and ammunition, as well as
technology and know-how, to develop its armament industry and to
acquire nuclear-weapon capability,
Recognizing that any nuclear-weapon capability of the racist
regime of South Africa constitutes a threat to international peace
and security,
Expressing its serious concern at the failure of certain
members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Israel and other
States to cease their co-operation with the racist regime of South
Africa in the military and nuclear fields and to prevent
corporations within their jurisdiction from carrying out such
co-operation,
Condemning the attitude of those transnational corporations
which continue, through their collaboration with the racist regime
of South Africa, to enhance its military and nuclear capabilities,
Considering the urgent need for comprehensive mandatory
sanctions by the Security Council, under Chapter VII of the Charter
of the United Nations, to prohibit any military and nuclear
collaboration with the racist regime of South Africa,
1. Strongly condemns the collusion by the Governments of
certain Western countries and other States, particularly those of
the United States of America, the Federal Republic of Germany and
Israel, with the racist regime of South Africa in the nuclear field
and calls upon France and all other Governments to refrain from
supplying the racist minority regime in South Africa, directly or
indirectly, with installations that might enable it to produce
uranium, plutonium and other nuclear materials, reactors or military
equipment;
2. Further condemns the manoeuvres to create a South
Atlantic Treaty Organization with the racist South African regime
and appeals to the Security Council to undertake such measures to
ensure that this sinister organization is not established;
3. Condemns all States which violate the arms embargo and
continue to collaborate with South Africa in the military and
nuclear fields, in particular certain Western States and Israel;
4. Expresses its deep concern over reports on the recent
talks between the United States of America and South Africa
concerning closer collaboration in the nuclear field;
5. Urges the Security Council to take immediate steps to
ensure the scrupulous and full implementation of the arms embargo
imposed by its resolution 418 (1977) of 4 November 1977 and the
effective monitoring of the embargo in the light of the report of
the Council Committee established by resolution 421 (1977)
concerning the question of South Africa on ways and means of making
the mandatory arms embargo against South Africa more effective;
6. Again requests the Security Council to take mandatory
measures to strengthen the arms embargo and secure the immediate
cessation of any form of collaboration with the racist regime of
South Africa in the military and nuclear fields;
7. Requests all States to co-operate with the Special
Committee against Apartheid in its efforts to ensure the total
cessation of military and nuclear collaboration with the racist
regime of South Africa;
8. Invites all Governments and organizations to assist, in
consultation with the national liberation movements of South Africa
and Namibia, persons compelled to leave South Africa because of
their objection, on the ground of conscience, to serving the
military or police force of the apartheid regime;
9. Authorizes the Special Committee:
(a) To follow closely the question of South Africa's nuclear
plan and capability;
(b) To continue its efforts to promote a comprehensive and
effective embargo on all forms of military and nuclear
collaboration with the racist regime of South Africa;
(c) To continue its efforts to expose all developments
concerning military and nuclear collaboration with the
racist regime of South Africa, particularly:
(i) Supply of arms, technology and other vital
resources in contravention of resolutions of
the United Nations;
(ii) Attempts to forge any military alliance with
the racist regime of South Africa;
(iii) Development of further links with the
apartheid regime as an ally in the context of
aggravating international tension and
conflict.
F
Arms embargo against South Africa
The General Assembly,
Recalling its resolution 35/206 B of 16 December 1980,
Further recalling Security Council resolutions 418 (1977) of 4
November 1977, 421 (1977) of 9 December 1977 and 473 (1980) of 13
June 1980,
Recognizing the importance of the effective and universal
implementation of the arms embargo against South Africa, the
cessation of all military co-operation with South Africa and the
denial of any assistance or co-operation, either direct or indirect
to South Africa, in its military build-up or nuclear plans,
Considering that military or nuclear co-operation with South
Africa increases the threat to international peace and security,
Having considered the report of the Special Committee against
Apartheid,
Taking note of the report of the International Seminar on the
Implementation and Reinforcement of the Arms Embargo against South
Africa, held in London from 1 to 3 April 1981, and the Paris
Declaration on Sanctions against South Africa,
Expressing its grave concern over the large increase in the
military budget of South Africa since the imposition of the arms
embargo by the Security Council, the development by South Africa of
its nuclear-weapon capability and the increasing acts of aggression
by South Africa against independent African States,
Noting with regret that the Security Council has so far failed
to take action on the report of 19 September 1980 of its Committee
established by resolution 421 (1977) concerning the question of
South Africa on ways and means of making the mandatory arms embargo
against South Africa more effective,
Commending the World Campaign against Military and Nuclear
Collaboration with South Africa and other groups for their
co-operation in providing information to organs of the United
Nations on infringements of the arms embargo,
1. Urges the Security Council to consider effective measures
to reinforce and strengthen the arms embargo against South Africa,
taking into account the recommendations of its Committee established
by resolution 421 (1977) concerning the question of South Africa,
the Paris Declaration on Sanctions against South Africa and the
Declaration of the International Seminar on the Implementation and
Reinforcement of the Arms Embargo against South Africa;
2. Calls upon all States to take effective measures to
ensure that governmental and non-governmental organizations within
their jurisdiction cease any relations with the military and police
forces, military industry and nuclear institutions of South Africa;
3. Requests all States concerned to take firm steps to
prevent any co-operation or contacts with the South Africa regime by
military alliances to which they are parties;
4. Requests all States to extend their co-operation to the
Special Committee against Apartheid and the Security Council
Committee established by resolution 421 (1977) concerning the
question of South Africa in the discharge of their respective
mandates;
5. Requests the Secretary-General to ensure more effective
Secretariat services for the monitoring of the arms embargo against
South Africa and maximum co-ordination towards that end;
6. Requests and authorizes the Special Committee:
(a) To strengthen its co-operation with the Security Council
Committee established by resolution 421 (1977) on the
question of South Africa;
(b) To continue in its efforts to promote a comprehensive and
effective embargo on all forms of military and nuclear
collaboration with the racist regime of South Africa.
G
Oil embargo against South Africa
The General Assembly,
Recalling and reaffirming its resolution 35/206 D of 16
December 1980,
Having considered the report of the Special Committee against
Apartheid,
Taking note of the Paris Declaration on Sanctions against South
Africa, adopted by the International Conference on Sanctions against
South Africa, held in Paris from 20 to 27 May 1981, and the
Declaration of the Conference of West European Parliamentarians on
an Oil Embargo against South Africa, held at Brussels on 30 and 31
January 1981,
Convinced that an embargo on the supply of petroleum, petroleum
products and other strategic materials is an essential complement to
the arms embargo against South Africa,
Commending all Governments which have imposed an oil embargo
against South Africa,
Taking note of the resolution adopted on 5 May 1981 by the
Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries to tighten crude
oil sales contracts to prevent oil from reaching South Africa,
Reiterating the urgent need for the imposition of a mandatory
oil embargo against South Africa under Chapter VII of the Charter of
the United Nations and for more effective monitoring of the
embargoes imposed by most oil-exporting States,
Condemning the activities of corporations and other interests
engaged in the clandestine supply to South Africa of oil from
countries which imposed an oil embargo,
1. Again requests the Security Council to consider urgently
a mandatory embargo on the supply of petroleum and petroleum
products of South Africa under Chapter VII of the Charter of the
United Nations;
2. Urges all States which have not yet done so to take
effective legislative and other measures to ensure the effective
implementation of an oil embargo against South Africa;
3. Requests all States concerned to take effective action
against corporations and tanker companies involved in the illicit
supply of oil to South Africa;
4. Requests and authorizes the Special Committee against
Apartheid to continue its efforts, including the undertaking of
missions, the holding of seminars and the publication of studies, to
promote an effective oil embargo against South Africa;
5. Further authorizes the Special Committee, in consultation
with the Secretary-General of the United Nations and oil-exporting
countries, to organize if necessary, under the auspices of the
United Nations, a conference of oil-exporting countries which have
imposed an oil embargo against South Africa to consider national and
international arrangements to ensure the effective implementation of
their oil embargo;
6. Invites Governments, international and non-governmental
organizations, trade unions and other appropriate bodies to lend
their full support to the oil embargo against South Africa.
H
International Conference of Trade Unions on Sanctions
against South Africa
The General Assembly,
Recalling its resolution 35/206 C of 16 December 1980,
Deploring that some Member States have maintained and even
increased their political, military, economic and other relations
with South Africa despite resolutions of the United Nations on
apartheid;
Having considered the report of the International Conference on
Sanctions against South Africa, held in Paris from 20 to 27 May
1981, as well as the report of the Special Committee against
Apartheid,
Recognizing the important role of trade union organizations in
the international campaign for sanctions against South Africa,
1. Requests and authorizes the Special Committee against
Apartheid to take all necessary steps, in co-operation with the
United Nations Council for Namibia, the International Labour
Organisation, the Organization of African Unity and the Organization
of African Trade Union Unity to organize in 1982 an International
Conference of Trade Unions on Sanctions against South Africa for the
purpose of working out a programme of action towards the enforcement
of sanctions against apartheid;
2. Requests the Secretary-General to provide all necessary
assistance to the Special Committee in the organization of the
conference.
I
Academic, cultural and sports boycotts of South Africa
The General Assembly,
Recalling its resolutions 35/206 E and M of 16 December 1980,
Having considered the report of the Special Committee against
Apartheid and the report of the Ad Hoc Committee on the Drafting of
an International Convention against Apartheid in Sports,
Recognizing the importance of the participation of writers,
musicians, artists, sportsmen, academic personalities and others in
the international campaign against apartheid,
Commending all Governments, organizations and individuals that
have taken action for the academic, cultural, sports and other
boycotts of South Africa in solidarity with the oppressed people of
South Africa and their national liberation movement,
Commending, in particular, the organizations and individuals in
Ireland, New Zealand and the United States of America that have
effectively demonstrated their opposition to exchanges with South
African rugby teams,
Deploring the actions of those sports bodies and sportsmen who
have continued to collaborate with South Africa, and the failure of
several Governments to take firm action to terminate sporting
contacts with South Africa, in particular the Governments of New
Zealand and the United States of America, which have permitted tours
by Springbok rugby teams despite widespread public protests in their
countries and appeals by the Special Committee,
Emphasizing the urgent need for an international convention
against apartheid in sports,
1. Commends the Special Committee against Apartheid for its
efforts to promote an effective academic, cultural and sports
boycott of South Africa and to mobilize academic, cultural and
sports personalities in the campaign against apartheid;
2. Notes with appreciation the action of the Special
Committee in publishing lists of sportsmen, entertainers and others
visiting South Africa to enable the Governments and organizations to
take any action that they may deem appropriate;
3. Condemns those sports organizations, sportsmen and
promoters of sports events who have collaborated with South Africa
in violation of the resolutions of the General Assembly and the
International Declaration against Apartheid in Sports;
4. Endorses the proposal of the Special Committee to
organize national and international conferences and exhibits to
promote action by academic, cultural and sports personalities
against apartheid;
5. Requests the Ad Hoc Committee on the Drafting of an
International Convention against Apartheid in Sports to continue its
work with a view to submitting a draft convention as soon as
possible;
6. Authorizes the Ad Hoc Committee to continue consultations
with representatives of Governments and organizations concerned and
experts on apartheid in sports.
J
Political prisoners in South Africa
The General Assembly,
Recalling its resolutions concerning political prisoners in
South Africa, in particular resolution 35/206 K of 16 December 1980,
Noting with grave concern the continued escalation of
repression against all opponents of apartheid in South Africa,
including the persecution of black trade unionists, students and
journalists, as well as the threats against churches,
Alarmed at the imposition of death sentences on six freedom
fighters, namely, Mr. Johannes Shabangu, Mr. Anthony Tsotsobe, Mr.
David Moise, Mr. Neimbithi Johnson Lubisi, Mr. Naphtali Manana and
Mr. Petrus Tsepo Mashigo,
Further alarmed at the recent assassination of Attorney
Griffith Mxenge and other opponents of the apartheid regime,
Considering that the continued repression against and
executions of opponents of apartheid are bound to have grave
repercussions,
Taking note of the Declaration adopted by the Special Committee
against Apartheid on 12 October 1981 to commemorate the Day of
Solidarity with South African Political Prisoners,
Reaffirming the legitimacy of the struggle of the oppressed
people of South Africa for the elimination of apartheid and the
establishment of a democratic society,
1. Demands again that the racist regime of South Africa:
(a) End repression against the black people and other
opponents of apartheid;
(b) Cease all trials under arbitrary repressive laws;
(c) Refrain from the execution of persons sentenced under
black repressive laws for acts arising from opposition to
apartheid;
(d) Release all political prisoners in South Africa;
(e) Abrogate bans imposed on organizations and the media for
their opposition to apartheid;
2. Expresses its appreciation to those Governments, cities,
organizations and institutions which have honoured the leaders of
the struggle against apartheid, imprisoned or restricted by the
South African regime, as part of the campaign for the release of
political prisoners in South Africa;
3. Urges all Governments and intergovernmental organizations
to take all appropriate action for an end to repression and the
release of all political prisoners in South Africa, and to lend
their co-operation to the Special Committee against Apartheid;
4. Requests the Special Committee, with the assistance of
the Centre against Apartheid of the Secretariat to continue to
promote the world campaign for the release of all political
prisoners in South Africa.
K
Women and children under apartheid
The General Assembly,
Recalling its resolution 35/206 N of l6 December l980,
Gravely concerned over the inhuman oppression of millions of
women and children under apartheid, resulting in the killing,
detention and torture of schoolchildren protesting against
discrimination, the enforced separation of women from their husbands
and mass starvation in the reserves,
Commending the Special Committee against Apartheid and its Task
Force on Women and Children for giving special attention to the
plight of women and children under apartheid,
Noting the wide observance of 9 August l98l as the
International Day of Solidarity with the Struggle of Women in South
Africa and Namibia,
Noting with appreciation the establishment of the International
Committee of Solidarity with the Struggle of Women in South Africa
and Namibia,
l. Invites all Governments and organizations to observe 9
August annually as the International Day of Solidarity with the
Struggle of Women in South Africa and Namibia;
2. Encourages the Special Committee against Apartheid to
intensify activities in support of women and children oppressed by
apartheid, and authorizes it to organize conferences, seminars and
missions for this purpose;
3. Appeals to all Governments and organizations to provide
generous contributions to the projects of the national liberation
movements and front-line States for assistance to refugee women and
children from South Africa;
4. Invites the co-operation of all Governments and
organizations with the Special Committee in promoting solidarity
with and assistance to the women and children of South Africa in
their struggle for liberation;
5. Requests the Secretary-General to ensure the closest
co-operation by the Centre against Apartheid and the Centre for
Social Development and Humanitarian Affairs as well as the
Department of Public Information of the Secretariat, with a view to
maximum publicity for the plight of women and children under
apartheid and their struggle for national liberation.
L
Public information and public action against apartheid and role
of mass media in the struggle against apartheid
The General Assembly,
Recognizing the important role of non-governmental
organizations and of public action in the international campaign
against apartheid,
Recognizing further the importance of public information and
the role of mass media in combating apartheid and promoting
international action for the eradication of apartheid,
Recognizing, in particular, the need to encourage trade union
action for sanctions against South Africa,
Noting with appreciation the co-operation of the United Nations
Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, the International
Labour Organisation and other agencies in this respect,
Noting with great regret the actions of some non-governmental
organizations which are actively collaborating with the apartheid
regime of South Africa,
Recognizing, in particular, the need to encourage trade union
action for sanctions against apartheid,
Having considered the Declaration of the International Seminar
on Publicity and Role of Mass Media in the International
Mobilization against Apartheid, held at Berlin, German Democratic
Republic, from 31 August to 2 September 1981,
Recalling and reaffirming its resolutions 34/93 L and M of 12
December 1979,
1. Commends all anti-apartheid and solidarity movements,
trade unions, religious bodies, student and youth organizations and
other non-governmental organizations which have made a vital
contribution to the international campaign against apartheid;
2. Commends the Declaration of the International Seminar on
Publicity and Role of Mass Media in the International Mobilization
against Apartheid to the attention of all Governments, organizations
and the media;
3. Requests the Secretary-General to take steps for the
widest dissemination of the Berlin Declaration;
4. Requests the Special Committee against Apartheid to take
all appropriate action towards the implementation of the
recommendations of the International Seminar on Publicity and Role
of Mass Media in the International Mobilization against Apartheid,
including the publication of expert studies and the organization of
national and regional seminars for journalists;
5. Requests the Secretary-General and the Special Committee
to give special attention to encouraging action by non-governmental
organizations and the mass media in the international campaign
against apartheid;
6. Authorizes the Special Committee to promote the
organization of the International Conference of Trade Unions on
Sanctions against South Africa;
7. Calls upon all non-governmental organizations which have
not yet done so to desist from any form of collaboration with the
apartheid regime and institutions based on racial discrimination in
South Africa;
8. Requests the Secretary-General to lend his co-operation
to the Special Committee in investigating and publicizing the
collaboration of certain non-governmental organizations with the
apartheid regime and institutions of South Africa, and in persuading
them to desist from such collaboration;
9. Appeals to all Governments to contribute generously to
the Trust Fund for Publicity against Apartheid;
10. Approves the recommendations of the Special Committee
contained in paragraph 401 of its report and authorizes it to
initiate a feature service on apartheid;
11. Requests the Special Committee to continue and intensify
co-operation with non-governmental organizations and with the
Non-governmental Organizations Sub-Committee on Racism, Racial
Discrimination, Apartheid and Decolonization in promoting the widest
public mobilization for sanctions against South Africa and
assistance to the national liberation movement of South Africa.
M
Relations between Israel and South Africa
The General Assembly,
Recalling and reaffirming its resolution 35/206 E of 16
December 1980,
Having considered the special report of the Special Committee
against Apartheid on recent developments concerning relations
between Israel and South Africa,
Gravely concerned about the reports of continued collaboration
between Israel and South Africa, in particular in the military and
nuclear fields,
Considering that such collaboration is a serious hindrance to
international action for the eradication of apartheid, an
encouragement to the racist regime of South Africa to persist in its
criminal policy of apartheid and a hostile act against the oppressed
people of South Africa and the entire African continent, and
constitutes a threat to international peace and security,
1. Strongly condemns the continuing and increasing
collaboration by Israel with the racist regime of South Africa,
especially in the military and nuclear fields;
2. Demands that Israel desist from and terminate all forms
of collaboration with South Africa forthwith, particularly in the
military and nuclear fields, and abide scrupulously by the relevant
resolutions of the General Assembly and the Security Council;
3. Requests the Special Committee against Apartheid to keep
the matter under constant review and to report to the General
Assembly and the Security Council as appropriate.
N
Programme of work of the Special Committee against Apartheid
The General Assembly,
Having considered the reports of the Special Committee against
Apartheid,
Recalling and reaffirming its resolution 35/206 P of 16
December 1980,
Commending the Special Committee for its activities in the
discharge of the mandate given to it by the General Assembly,
Noting with appreciation the work of the Centre against
Apartheid of the Secretariat in assisting the Special Committee,
Recognizing the urgent need for the expansion of activity by
the Special Committee and the Centre against Apartheid during 1982,
1. Reaffirms the mandate of the Special Committee against
Apartheid for the promotion of the international campaign against
apartheid in accordance with the relevant resolutions of the General
Assembly and endorses the report of the Special Committee to the
General Assembly at its thirty-sixth session in particular the
recommendations of the Commttee on its programme of work contained
in paragraphs 409 to 415 of its report;
2. Requests the Special Committee to give the highest
priority in 1982 to:
(a) Mobilizing support for sanctions against South Africa;
(b) Reviewing the implementation of United Nations
resolutions on apartheid, especially those for the
promotion and effective monitoring of military, nuclear
and oil embargoes against South Africa;
(c) Publicizing all developments concerning military,
nuclear, economic, political and other collaboration with
the racist regime of South Africa;
(d) Promoting the participation of writers, artists and other
cultural personalities in the international campaign
against apartheid;
(e) Promoting the world campaign for the unconditional
release of all persons imprisoned or restricted for their
opposition to apartheid;
3. Decides to make a special allocation of $300,000 to the
Special Committee for 1982 from the budget of the United Nations for
the cost of special projects to be decided by the Committee to
promote the international campaign against apartheid, in particular:
(a) Organization and co-sponsorship, and financial
assistance, to international and national conferences and
seminars against apartheid;
(b) Assistance to enable national liberation movements to
participate in such conferences;
(c) Promotion of the widest observance of international days
against apartheid and of international campaigns against
apartheid;
(d) Expert studies on apartheid;
4. Requests Governments and organizations to make voluntary
contributions or provide other assistance for the special projects
of the Special Committee, especially in order to promote the
effective observance of the International Year of Mobilization for
Sanctions against South Africa;
5. Requests the Secretary-General, in consultation with the
Special Committee, to make urgent and necessary administrative
arrangements for effective services to the Committee, as indicated
in paragraphs 413 to 415 of its report;
6. Requests all Governments, specialized agencies and other
institutions of the United Nations system and other organizations to
co-operate with the Special Committee in the discharge of its
responsibilities.
O
Investments in South Africa
The General Assembly,
Recalling its resolution 35/206 Q of l6 December l980,
Taking note of the report of the Special Committee against
Apartheid,
Convinced that a cessation of all new foreign investments in,
and financial loans to, South Africa would constitute an important
step in international action for the elimination of apartheid, as
such investments and loans abet and encourage the apartheid policies
in that country,
Welcoming the actions of those Governments which have taken
legislative and other measures towards that end,
Noting with regret that the Security Council has not yet taken
steps towards that end, as requested in General Assembly resolutions
31/6 K of 9 November l976, 32/l05 O of l6 December l977, 33/l83 O of
24 January l979, 34/93 Q of l2 December l979 and 35/206 Q of l6
December l980,
Again urges the Security Council to consider the matter at an
early date with a view to taking effective steps to achieve the
cessation of further foreign investments in, and financial loans to,
South Africa.
P
United Nations Trust Fund for South Africa
The General Assembly,
Having considered the report of the Secretary-General on the
United Nations Trust Fund for South Africa, to which is annexed the
report of the Committee of Trustees of the United Nations Trust Fund
for South Africa,
Gravely concerned at the continued and increased repression
against opponents of apartheid and racial discrimination in South
Africa and the institution of numerous trials under arbitrary
security legislation, as well as continued repression in Namibia,
Reaffirming that increased humanitarian assistance by the
international community to those persecuted under repressive and
discriminatory legislation in South Africa and Namibia is
appropriate and essential,
Recognizing that increased contributions to the Trust Fund and
to the voluntary agencies concerned are necessary to enable them to
meet the increased needs for humanitarian and legal assistance,
1. Commends the Secretary-General and the Committee of
Trustees of the United Nations Trust Fund for South Africa for their
efforts to promote humanitarian and legal assistance to persons
persecuted under repressive and discriminatory legislation in South
Africa and Namibia, as well as assistance to their families and to
refugees from South Africa;
2. Expresses its appreciation to the Governments,
organizations and individuals that have contributed to the Trust
Fund and to the voluntary agencies engaged in rendering humanitarian
and legal assistance to the victims of apartheid and racial
discrimination;
3. Appeals for generous and increased contributions to the
Trust Fund;
4. Further appeals for direct contributions to the voluntary
agencies engaged in assistance to the victims of apartheid and
racial discrimination in South Africa and Namibia.