| United Nations | A/50/743 |
General Assembly
Distr. GENERAL
13 November 1995
ORIGINAL:
ENGLISH
Fiftieth session
Agenda items 20 (b) and 112 (e)
STRENGTHENING OF THE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN AND DISASTER
RELIEF ASSISTANCE OF THE UNITED NATIONS, INCLUDING SPECIAL
ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE: SPECIAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE TO INDIVIDUAL
COUNTRIES OR REGIONS
HUMAN RIGHTS QUESTIONS: REPORT OF THE UNITED NATIONS HIGH
COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS
Human Rights Field Operation in Rwanda
Note by the Secretary-General
The Secretary-General has the honour to transmit to the General Assembly
the report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the
Human Rights Field Operation in Rwanda.
95-35247 (E) 241195/...
*9535247*
ANNEX
I. INTRODUCTION
1. The present report describes the principal elements and role of the
Human Rights Field Operation in Rwanda in responding to the serious crisis
in that country. In general, the Operation serves Rwanda by charting with
its Government the long and difficult path to national reconciliation and
by ensuring that human rights are fully respected at all stages of that
process.
2. The Operation, as the key response of the United Nations High
Commissioner for Human Rights to the catastrophe that occurred in Rwanda,
has to be understood against this background. From April to July 1994,
Rwanda suffered the slaughter of between 500,000 and one million persons.
The main victims of this extensive carnage were members of the Tutsi
minority and moderate Hutus. The massive human rights violations were
perpetrated in a pre-planned, organized and systematic manner by extremist
Hutu militia throughout the country, and started within hours of the attack
on the presidential aircraft on 6 April, which took the lives of Juvenal
Habyarimana, President of the Rwandese Republic and Cyprien Ntyamira,
President of the Republic of Burundi. The mass killings were condemned by
all the principal organs of the United Nations, first and foremost the
Security Council. The massacres were later qualified by the Commission of
Experts on Rwanda 1/ in very clear and unambiguous terms as constituting
"genocide" within the meaning of the 1948 Convention on the Prevention and
Punishment of the Crime of Genocide.
3. The ensuing civil war and atrocities perpetrated against the civilian
population exacerbated the trauma, which was worsened further by the
extensive destruction of the country's infrastructure. The new Government
that took power in Rwanda in mid-July 1994 was able to halt the genocide.
It was then faced with the immense task of restoring law and order,
fostering national reconciliation and reconstructing public and economic
institutions.
4. The United Nations, including the High Commissioner for Human Rights,
committed to assist in this endeavour, took a multifaceted approach to this
complex set of problems. It is the deep conviction of the High
Commissioner that a climate of confidence and long-lasting peace can be
built only upon the foundations of full respect for human rights and the
rule of law. In order to achieve this, Rwanda must be supported by the
sustained efforts of the international community acting through the United
Nations. As this process involves the healing of deep wounds inflicted by
the genocide that left no part of Rwanda untouched, a long-term engagement
is required. Moreover, the system of justice has to be reconstructed from
its very foundations so as to ensure that in future justice is administered
fairly and impartially. The return of refugees to Rwanda and their
resettlement, together with that of internally displaced persons, within
the country constitute another major problem to be resolved.
II. RESPONSE OF THE UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN
RIGHTS TO THE CRISIS IN RWANDA
5. The High Commissioner for Human Rights, who had assumed office only a
day before the outbreak of hostilities in Rwanda, introduced a number of
timely initiatives to address the crisis. He acted immediately to spur an
urgent response from a wide range of United Nations agencies and mechanisms
of the Commission on Human Rights, the Organization of African Unity (OAU)
and the non-governmental organization community. On 4 May 1994, he called
for the convening of an emergency session of the Commission on Human Rights
to address the human rights situation in Rwanda.
6. After having visited Rwanda in May 1994, the High Commissioner urged
that a special rapporteur on Rwanda be appointed to examine all the human
rights aspects of the situation, including root causes and responsibilities
for the atrocities. 2/ The High Commissioner also proposed that the
Special Rapporteur should be supported by a field operation, staffed with
specialists to investigate past human rights abuses and to monitor the
ongoing situation, to deter human rights violations and to promote national
reconciliation. These proposals were endorsed by the Commission and the
Economic and Social Council.
7. On 1 July, in its resolution 935 (1994), the Security Council requested
the Secretary-General to establish urgently an impartial commission of
experts to examine and analyse information concerning responsibility for
serious violations of international humanitarian law committed in Rwanda,
including genocide. In his report to the Security Council of 26 July 1994,
3/ the Secretary-General stated that the Commission of Experts on Rwanda
would be based in Geneva and would benefit from the resources of the High
Commissioner for Human Rights and, in particular, those already made
available to the Special Rapporteur of the Commission on Human Rights in
Geneva and in the field.
8. Another major development was the exodus of millions of refugees into
neighbouring countries. This generated an immediate need to assist the
newly established Government of Rwanda in creating the necessary conditions
of law and order within a climate of confidence to encourage an early
return of refugees and internally displaced persons. It was generally felt
by members of the international community that a human rights field
operation, one much larger than that conceived for the purposes of the
Special Rapporteur and the Commission of Experts, should be put in place to
facilitate repatriation and resettlement. In the absence of funding from
the regular budget for an operation of this scale, the High Commissioner
found it necessary to launch an appeal at the beginning of August 1994 for
voluntary contributions to support this broad-based field operation. In
August, he visited Rwanda again and obtained the agreement of the
Government for the operation. Thus, the foundation was laid for the Human
Rights Field Operation in Rwanda.
9. In the Agreement between the United Nations High Commissioner for Human
Rights and the Government of Rwanda, the Objectives and functions of the
operation are defined as follows: (a) carrying out investigations into
violations of human rights and humanitarian law, including possible acts of
genocide; (b) monitoring the ongoing human rights situation and helping to
prevent violations through the presence of human rights field officers; (c)
cooperating with other international agencies to re-establish confidence
and to facilitate the return of refugees and internally displaced persons
and the rebuilding of civil society; and (d) implementing programmes of
technical cooperation in the field of human rights, in particular in the
area of the administration of justice, to help Rwanda rebuild its shattered
judiciary and to provide human rights education to all levels of Rwandan
society.
III. OVERVIEW OF THE FUNCTIONS OF THE HUMAN RIGHTS FIELD OPERATION
IN RWANDA: THREE PRINCIPAL ELEMENTS
10. The mandate of the Human Rights Field Operation in Rwanda takes a
three-pronged approach to confidence-building with a view to eventual
national reconciliation. Firstly, the Operation has carried out extensive
investigations of genocide and other serious violations of human rights and
humanitarian law that took place during the April to July 1994 armed
conflict in Rwanda. Secondly, it has established a comprehensive presence
of human rights field officers through the country to monitor the ongoing
human rights situation. Thirdly, it has further initiated a broad-based
programme of promotional activities in the field of human rights, ranging
from projects for the rebuilding of the Rwandan administration of justice,
to human rights education at different levels. Thus far, some 120 human
rights field officers have been deployed. These have included experts on
investigations, such as prosecutors, criminal investigators and forensic
experts, as well as specialists for human rights advisory services and
education. These elements of the Human Rights Field Operation in Rwanda's
activities are described in more detail below.
A. Investigating the genocide
11. From the start of the Operation, it had been recognized that the
genocide investigation would have to be carried out in a professional
manner and with the requisite level of expertise. Moreover, the utmost
care was taken to ensure that the integrity and confidentiality of evidence
were continuously maintained. In this regard, the High Commissioner took
full account of the experience gained from the work of the International
Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, which had also been preceded by the
creation of a commission of experts.
12. While the desirability and feasibility of creating an international
criminal court for Rwanda was in the process of being considered, special
care was taken to ensure that valuable evidence would not be lost in the
interim. To that end, a special investigation unit was established to
gather evidence that might otherwise have been lost or destroyed, to be
turned over to the Prosecutor if and when an international criminal court
was brought into existence. This approach proved propitious when the
Security Council took the decision on 8 November 1994 to create the
International Tribunal for Rwanda (resolution 955 (1994)). It took several
more months before the Tribunal could become operational and the Human
Rights Field Operation in Rwanda continued its genocide-related
investigations until the Deputy Prosecutor's Office, with its own
investigations unit, was established in Kigali. Thereafter, the emphasis
of the Operation's investigative work shifted to coordinating the
activities of the field teams with the work of the International Tribunal.
13. While this work did not involve investigations for the direct
purpose of prosecutions, it nevertheless required the highest standards of
confidentiality and integrity of evidence-gathering, because of its
potential probative value before a court of law. A number of Governments
responded positively to the High Commissioner's request to provide
specialized personnel, such as prosecutors, criminal investigators, police
and forensic experts, thereby enabling the Human Rights Field Operation in
Rwanda to collect pertinent evidence. Teams of experts provided by the
Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Switzerland and the United States of America
undertook special investigations into acts of genocide, including a
comprehensive survey by forensic experts of massacre and mass grave sites,
interviews of surviving victims and witnesses, and the collection and
preservation of documentary and other tangible evidence. A number of human
rights field officers were assigned to provide assistance in this work at
many stages of the investigative process, working under the guidance of the
expert investigators. The Operation has also benefited from outside
support that has been contributed to the investigation on an ongoing basis,
in particular by the United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR).
14. All information gathered was regularly forwarded to the High
Commissioner for Human Rights, who then channelled it to the Commission of
Experts, the Special Rapporteur and the International Tribunal for Rwanda.
The information placed before the Special Rapporteur and the Commission of
Experts during 1994 was forwarded to the International Tribunal for Rwanda
in January 1995. Information and evidentiary materials that were collected
subsequently were again made available to the Special Rapporteur and
personally handed over by the High Commissioner to the Deputy Prosecutor of
the International Tribunal on 2 April 1995 in Kigali.
B. The monitoring and confidence-building process
15. Monitoring and reporting on the current human rights situation
constitute essential elements of the Operation's mandate. It is important
for the post-genocide rehabilitation of Rwanda that the ongoing human
rights situation is closely observed, that patterns of violations are
identified and immediate action taken. The Government of Rwanda fully
recognizes that respect for human rights is a prerequisite for genuine
confidence-building and national reconciliation and has supported the
Operation's efforts in this regard.
16. Monitoring and confidence-building involve the establishment of a
visible presence of human rights field officers throughout Rwanda. In
accordance with the mandate of the Human Rights Field Operation in Rwanda,
such activities have been conducted on a continuing basis throughout the
country at the prefectural, communal and sectoral levels.
17. The monitoring and confidence-building process involves bringing to
the attention of various levels of Rwandan authorities any human rights
violations observed. The findings of the monitors serve as a basis for the
reports of the Special Rapporteur. They are also made available by the
High Commissioner for Human Rights, as appropriate, to the Secretary-
General, Governments, United Nations agencies and intergovernmental and
non-governmental organizations.
Refugees and displaced persons
18. The Human Rights Field Operation in Rwanda is playing an important
role in the process of repatriation and resettlement of refugees and
internally displaced persons. In this context, the Operation closely
coordinates its activities with the Office of the United Nations High
Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). A memorandum of understanding between
UNHCR and the Human Rights Field Operation in Rwanda has been concluded,
building on already existing cooperation, which is designed to reduce
duplication of efforts as each agency seeks to implement its mandate. In
deploying human rights field officers throughout the country, the Operation
has taken the areas receiving the largest numbers of refugees and
internally displaced persons into account. The Operation attempts to
ensure that basic human rights are not violated at any stage of return,
resettlement and reintegration, through monitoring of conditions at
principal frontier crossing points; processing in transit centres;
treatment of refugees while they await transfer to communes; treatment of
those placed in interim detention; and all aspects of reintegration into
home communes. In this connection, the Operation evaluates the state of
readiness of home communes to determine whether they are in a position to
receive returnees and assists those communes in the resettlement process.
Once this process has been completed, the Operation monitors the subsequent
treatment and security of resettled returnees.
Conditions of Detention
19. Another priority for the Human Rights Field Operation in Rwanda is the
serious situation in prisons and local detention centres. At the end of
October 1995, the total number of detainees exceeded 58,000. In many
prisons, prisoners have been forced to stand for lack of room. There have
been many deaths and serious illnesses because of the severe overcrowding.
20. The Operation makes regular visits to prisons and detention centres
in order to monitor conditions and make proposals for their improvement.
This work is carried out in cooperation with the International Committee of
the Red Cross (ICRC).
21. The overcrowding of prisons is linked to the circumstances of arrest
and the subsequent review of the evidence against detainees. Most of those
currently detained have been arrested outside the procedures laid down in
Rwandan law and there is no dossier recording the evidence against them.
The Human Rights Field Operation in Rwanda actively seeks to promote
respect for legal procedures governing arrest and detention, and urges the
appropriate authorities to review promptly cases where arrests appear not
to be based on strong indications of criminal responsibility. While the
judicial system is not yet functioning, such that criminal trials cannot
commence, progress has been made regarding compliance with arrest procedure
and the Government of Rwanda has established commissions de triage to
review cases where detainees might be released for lack of evidence against
them. The Operation has sought to promote the processing of cases by these
bodies at the same time as assisting in the rehabilitation of the judicial
system.
C. Promotion of human rights and efforts to rehabilitate
the Rwandan justice system
22. Rwanda was left after the genocide with few judicial officials still
in place and the infrastructure of the judicial system substantially
destroyed. The re-establishment of the administration of justice is a
requirement central to dealing with the genocide and creating confidence in
communities where survivors and returning refugees must live together under
the rule of law. Closely related to this is the fostering of a strong human
rights culture at different levels of society.
23. The Human Rights Field Operation in Rwanda has therefore worked to
assist in the rehabilitation of the justice system at the national and
local levels. The close relationship of its field teams with local judicial
officials has enabled it to understand the current functioning and
limitations of the system. It has thus been able to assist in channelling
material assistance made available by UNDP and other donors to local needs
and to encourage the gradual resumption of the functioning of the Rwandan
justice system. Three legal experts have worked with the Ministry of
Justice and, in cooperation with the Ministry and UNDP, the Human Rights
Field Operation in Rwanda developed a plan to deploy 50 foreign legal
experts to assist the Government in restarting all the essential functions
of the judicial system, which presently suffers from an acute shortage of
qualified local personnel. In September, the Government asked for the
temporary suspension and re-examination of the project.
24. The Human Rights Field Operation in Rwanda has actively promoted
respect for Rwandan law and human rights standards through efforts focused
on re-establishing or establishing the governmental and non-governmental
institutions necessary for the protection of human rights. Seminars on
arrest and detention procedures have been organized by field teams in the
prefectures in conjunction with UNHCR. The Operation participates in
training at the National Gendarmerie School in Ruhengeri and has prepared
training seminars for the gendarmerie and the Rwandese Patriotic Army on
the role of the armed forces and law enforcement officials in the
protection and promotion of human rights.
25. The Operation has organized and delivered a large number of human
rights seminars throughout the country. Several of these have focused
specifically on the rights of women and children; others have concerned the
roles of government officials and of journalists. A project for the
creation of centres to provide legal and other advice to women at the
commune level has been developed with local legal associations and
competent ministries. The Operation has worked closely with a number of
Rwandan non-governmental organizations and has promoted human rights
standards and awareness through radio broadcasts, newsletters and a weekly
human rights club.
IV. SERVICING OF THE HUMAN RIGHTS FIELD OPERATION IN RWANDA AND
COORDINATION WITH BODIES ESTABLISHED BY THE SECURITY
COUNCIL AND THE COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS
A. Servicing the Special Rapporteur
26. From the initial phase of the Operation, special efforts were made to
provide the Special Rapporteur with the assistance required in the
fulfilment of the mandate entrusted to him by the Commission on Human
Rights in its resolution S-3/1 of 25 May 1994. Indeed, the High
Commissioner had originally proposed that the Special Rapporteur should be
assisted by a team of human rights field officers, a proposal approved by
the Commission on Human Rights. A first group of five human rights
officers was fielded during the period from June to August 1994. As the
Human Rights Field Operation in Rwanda became fully operational and as the
amount of information gathered by field teams increased, a coordinator for
the Special Rapporteur was appointed and selected in conformity with the
Special Rapporteur's wishes, and his functions form an integral part of the
Office of the Chief of the Mission in Kigali. He ensures that in all
activities of the Operation due regard is accorded to the mandate and
reporting responsibilities of the Special Rapporteur. In Geneva, the
Special Rapporteur is assisted by two Professional officers on a full-time
basis.
27. All information collected by the Human Rights Field Operation in
Rwanda is fully communicated to the Special Rapporteur and copies of those
materials, including those transmitted to the International Tribunal for
Rwanda, are retained in Geneva for the Special Rapporteur's exclusive use.
This includes all substantive reports emanating from the field teams and
all important abstracts of information produced in Kigali or Geneva.
28. In accordance with the mandate entrusted to him by the Commission on
Human Rights, the Special Rapporteur has undertaken several visits to
Rwanda and neighbouring States and has presented five reports on the
situation of human rights in Rwanda. 4/ As is the general practice with
other rapporteurs, the Special Rapporteur has received at all times the
full assistance of the Centre for Human Rights staff in Geneva as well as
that of the Human Rights Field Operation in Rwanda in the preparation and
conduct of and follow-up to these visits.
B. Servicing the Commission of Experts 5/
29. In the light of the continuing reports of violations of international
law, including genocide in Rwanda, and recalling that all persons who
commit or authorize the commission of serious violations of international
humanitarian law are individually responsible for those violations and
should be brought to justice, the Security Council in its resolution 935
(1994) requested, as a matter of urgency, the establishment of an impartial
commission of experts to conduct an investigation into such violations
committed in the territory of Rwanda and responsibility for them.
30. In accordance with the terms of reference as specified by the
Security Council, the mandate of the Commission of Experts comprised
reviewing and updating information available from all sources, carrying out
its own investigations in Rwanda, determining individual responsibility and
the applicable norms of international law and examining the feasibility of
bringing perpetrators to trial, whether before a domestic or international
tribunal.
31. The Commission of Experts was based in Geneva, in order to benefit
from the resources of the High Commissioner and those made available to the
Special Rapporteur on Rwanda. Accordingly, support and assistance to the
Commission was provided by the Office of the High Commissioner for Human
Rights entrusted with coordinating the activities of the Commission of
Experts with those of the Special Rapporteur on Rwanda. As certain of the
Special Rapporteur's responsibilities, as outlined above, overlapped with
the mandate of the Commission of Experts, the latter relied on the
secretariat of the Centre for Human Rights for administrative support and
legal expertise.
32. As is the practice with the Special Rapporteur, the information needs
and field activities of the Commission of Experts were serviced extensively
by the Human Rights Field Operation in Rwanda. Indeed, the conclusions of
the Commission of Experts and the Special Rapporteur on the character and
extent of the killings, and their qualification as "genocide", according to
international legal norms, were based largely on the factual information
provided by the Operation.
C. Coordination with the International Tribunal for Rwanda
33. In accordance with the recommendation of the Commission of Experts,
the Security Council took a decision on 8 November 1994 (resolution 955
(1994)), to create the International Tribunal for Rwanda, which would have
the power "to prosecute persons responsible for serious violations of
international humanitarian law committed in the territory of Rwanda and
Rwandan citizens responsible for such violations committed in the territory
of neighbouring States, between 1 January 1994 and 31 December 1994", in
accordance with the provisions of its Statute. 6/
34. Established under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations as
a subsidiary organ of the Security Council, the International Tribunal for
Rwanda has the authority to dispense justice, with Member States being
bound to comply with requests for judicial assistance.
35. Subsequently, Justice Richard Goldstone was appointed Prosecutor of
the Tribunal and an Office of the Deputy Prosecutor was established in
Kigali.
36. Following an agreement between the High Commissioner for Human Rights
and the Prosecutor, a large body of evidence gathered since September 1994
by the Human Rights Field Operation in Rwanda and its personnel was placed
at the disposal of the Tribunal. The High Commissioner for Human Rights
transmitted all information that had been received by the Special
Rapporteur and the Commission of Experts to the Tribunal in January 1995.
The High Commissioner personally handed over evidentiary materials and
information collected subsequently to the Deputy Prosecutor of the
International Tribunal on 2 April 1995 in Kigali.
37. The High Commissioner had several meetings with the Prosecutor of the
Tribunal during which he placed the services of the Human Rights Field
Operation in Rwanda at its disposal. The Operation continues to maintain
ongoing contact and coordination with the Office of the Deputy Prosecutor
with regard to all pertinent activities.
V. THE FUTURE OF THE HUMAN RIGHTS FIELD OPERATION IN RWANDA
38. The Human Rights Field Operation in Rwanda is the first human rights
field operation to be run under the authority of the High Commissioner for
Human Rights. Undoubtedly, the Operation faces an enormous task,
comprising not only investigation of the genocide and monitoring of the
current human rights situation, but also assistance in fostering a climate
of confidence so that refugees and internally displaced persons can resume
their normal daily lives in Rwanda. Given the fact that Rwanda has been
ravaged by the genocide and armed conflict in which systematic and gross
violations of international human rights and humanitarian law were
perpetrated, the challenges of the rehabilitation effort remain daunting.
39. The Human Rights Field Operation in Rwanda has made a significant
contribution to human rights protection and promotion in Rwanda through its
investigation of the 1994 genocide, monitoring of the current human rights
situation, including the process of repatriation, resettlement and
reintegration of refugees and internally displaced persons to their home
communes, as well as efforts to rehabilitate the Rwandan justice system.
40. From the very beginning, the Operation has been financed mostly from
voluntary contributions. As at 3 November 1995, $17,787,341 had been
pledged and $7,276,859 received. A statement of pledges and contributions
is contained in the appendix to the present report. It is anticipated that
expenditures for 1994-1995 will amount to $11 million. For 1996, it is
estimated that the Operation would need some $9 million.
41. The timing and receipt of voluntary contributions have placed
constraints that have hampered and continue to hamper the implementation of
the Operation.
42. Laying the groundwork for national reconciliation requires sustained
efforts on the part of the Operation through steady cooperation with the
Government of Rwanda. Working with the local authorities and officials of
the Government of Rwanda therefore implies maintenance of ongoing
relationships between human rights field officers specifically assigned to
carry out those tasks.
43. The absence of more stable and long-term funding has made this kind of
liaison and cooperation more difficult to implement. It has also
complicated efforts at more effective and systematic human rights
monitoring and reporting. Coordination between the Operation and other
international organizations has also been made more difficult.
44. The difficulties lie in the inability to attract and retain
qualified personnel for positions whose funding is on such a precarious and
unpredictable basis.
45. There are two particularly crucial phases that will occupy the
resources and concentration of the Operation in the coming months: the
more immediate phase determined by the major refugee return to Rwanda, in
particular from Zaire, and a medium-term phase during which the Rwandan
administration of justice (in itself critical to alleviation of the acutely
overcrowded conditions of detention) must be rehabilitated and human rights
protection developed.
46. As regards the first phase, the Operation should maintain the maximum
presence possible on the ground for the time covering the main period of
refugee return. This will be a precarious period for the human rights
situation and, by extension, for peace and security in the region. The
safe and orderly return movement up to the present point has been assisted
by the efforts of the Operation acting in close cooperation with UNHCR.
47. As regards the second phase, it may be possible to scale down the
presence of human rights field officers once the potentially volatile
situation surrounding the major return movement has subsided. At that
stage, the emphasis could shift from monitoring human rights conditions
surrounding the return movement (which it is hoped will have diminished in
scale as the majority of refugees are successfully resettled and
reintegrated into their home communes) towards continuous efforts to
improve the administration of justice. Those efforts, supported by ongoing
human rights monitoring, will need to be continued at least through 1996.
Notes
1/ This body was established by the Security Council on 1 July 1994 to
determine individual responsibility for serious breaches of human rights
and humanitarian law. Following completion of its work and submission of
its reports to the Secretary-General, it was dissolved on 30 November 1994.
2/ E/CN.4/S-3/3.
3/ S/1994/879.
4/ E/CN.4/1995/7 and Corr.1, E/CN.4/1995/12, E/CN.4/1995/70,
E/CN.4/1995/71 and E/CN.4/1996/7.
5/ The full name of the Commission is Commission of Experts Established
Pursuant to Security Council Resolution 935 (1994) to Examine and Analyse
the Grave Violations of International Humanitarian Law in Rwanda, including
Possible Acts of Genocide.
6/ The full name of the Tribunal is International Criminal Tribunal for
the Prosecution of Persons Responsible for Genocide and Other Serious
Violations of International Humanitarian Law Committed in the Territory of
Rwanda and Rwanda Citizens Responsible for Genocide and Other Such
Violations Committed in the Territory of Neighbouring States Between 1
January and 31 December 1994.
/... A/50/743
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APPENDIX
Statement of pledges and contributions as at 3 November 1995
Equivalent in
Other services
Currency United States Payment
provided
Donor and amount dollars effected
and remarks
General pledges and contributions
Australia$A 100 00063 500.0073 690.00
$A 200 000146 000.00145 800.00
AustriaS 500 00045 000.0046 643.97
BelgiumBF 15 000 000465 800.00523 098.52
CanadaCAN$ 100 00068 376.0066 500.00
DenmarkUS$ 100 000100 000.00100 000.00
FinlandFmk 400 00075 600.0083 267.41Plus one investigator for one and one
half months
FranceFF 1 200 000233 100.00190 476.19
40 899.80
GermanyDM 314 704201 700.00119 949.36Plus office building in Kigali
93 126.28
DM 500 000352 112.00 Contribution pending
IrelandLIr 50 00079 500.0079 547.71
LIr 50 00076 923.0080 930.00
IsraelUS$ 10 00010 000.0010 000.00
Japan US$ 500 000500 000.00500 000.00
LiechtensteinSw F 10 0008 771.938 771.93
LuxembourgLux F 550 00017 000.0016 791.67
Netherlandsf. 75 00042 600.0044 640.00Plus one prosecutor, one
forensic expert and three
f. 1 350 000798 800.00764 439.41criminal investigators for three months
New Zealand$NZ 50 00029 600.0029 597.74
NorwayNKr 700 000101 700.00105 616.55Plus two procurement experts and two
criminal investigators for three months
Equivalent in
Other services
Currency United States Payment
provided
Donor and amount dollars effected
and remarks
Spain US$ 9 8809 880.009 880.00Plus two forensic experts for two
months and one prosecutor for one month
US$ 208 000208 000.00For eight UNVs for six months
US$ 150 000150 000.00 For additional UNVs
SwedenSKr 1 000 000129 500.00137 631.25
SwitzerlandSw F 100 00075 758.0075 757.58Plus one criminal
investigator for nine
Sw F 150 000113 636.00113 636.36 months
United Kingdom ofL 250 000383 200.00383 155.00 Plus four vehicles in
Great Britain and Kigali
Northern IrelandL 2 000 0003 200 000.003 223 000.00
United StatesUS$ 750 000750 000.00Payment madeFor 25 UNVs for six months
of Americato UNDP
US$ 50 00050 000.0050 000.00Plus five criminal investigators for three
weeks and airlift of vehicles from Kuwait to Kigali
US$ 1 000 0001 000 000.00 Contribution pending
European UnionECU 6 060 0007 790 884.33Contribution consists in provision
of fully equipped officers
UNDP US$ 250 000250 000.00For recruitment of UNVs
ACCT US$ 180 000180 000.00159 617.65Balance contribution pending
OXFAM L 50 00080 000.00Three vehicles provided in Kigali
IndividualsFF 1 000 + US$ 200400.00395.31
Total17 787 341.267 276 859.69
Pledges and contributions for the technical assistance programme in Rwanda
Italy L 2 000 000 000123 333.00123 333.00
-----