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In 1968, at the age of 22, Biko co-founded the all-black South African Students Organisation (SASO) and began the struggle to "overcome the psychological oppression of blacks by whites." Biko gave birth to the Black Consciousness Movement in South Africa, a movement that caught like fire in the minds and hearts of Black Africans across the country. His popularity and activism against apartheid led to several arrests and detentions without trial.
Biko
defined Black Consciousness as an "attitude of the mind and a way of life,"
calling for Africans to take pride in their "Blackness". In defining
"Black," Biko did not limit himself to just black Africans. He defined
as a Black any person who had suffered the discrimination and suppression
of the apartheid system, thus inviting Indians and Coloureds as well to
form a united movement against the white authorities.
The rise of black consciousness in the 1960s and 1970s was characterised
by the turmoil and turbulence that swept over South Africa at that time.
Black Africans rose up en masse against the years of suppression, bombarding
the white government with a series of protests, mass demonstrations and
strikes. next
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